PreAssignment #5 Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology Name: _______________________________ Section #: _______

1) After visiting the “External Anatomy Tutorial” assignment in the content area of D-2-L, can you tell me, in your own words, where on your body I would find the:

antecubital region? crural region? palmar region? popliteal region? mental region? otic region? antebrachial region?? inguinal region?

2) After visiting the “Body Cavity Tutorial” assignment in the content area of D-2-L, please answer the following questions: a. What forms the axial portion? What forms the appendicular? b. What cavities are in the head, but are not included within the major cavities? c. What separates the two anterior (or ventral) cavities? d. List five items contained within the mediastinum. e. How do the visceral and parietal serosae differ from one-another? f. What are the serosae called if they surround the lungs? How about the heart? g. What are the serosae surrounding the intestines, stomach, and liver called? h. What two types of membranes “sandwich” the serous fluid found in the final exercise?

3) Given the eleven organ systems described in your book, which: a. two systems protect us from environmental pathogens? b. three systems excrete wastes directly out of the body? c. two systems control short and long-term responses to the environment? d. two systems create and then move heat through the body? e. two systems detect and then coordinate responses to stimuli? f. one system stores minerals and creates blood cells? g. one system helps us regulate water volume and blood pH? h. one system defends returns fluids to the blood? 4) In order to hold homeostasis, organisms use negative feedback loops. Describe how a negative feedback loop holds our body temperature within a narrow range even though the external temperature changes constantly. How is the hypothalamus involved in this process? 5) Positive feedback loops accentuate a stimulus until an end result is reached. Explain how this is accomplished using either childbirth or blood clotting as your example.

6) Finish each sentence for the correct directional terminology by circling one answer within each pair of terms: a. The brachial region is proximal/distal to the antebrachial region. b. The nasal region is medial/lateral, superior/inferior, and anterior/posterior to the gluteal region. c. The mental region is superior/inferior and medial/lateral to the otic region. d. The sural region is anterior/posterior and proximal/distal to the patellar region. e. The left lung is medial/lateral, superior/inferior, and superficial/deep to the pubic region. f. The manual region is proximal/distal to the acromial region. g. The axillary region is superior/inferior and medial/lateral to the umbilical region. h. The hallux is proximal/distal to the tarsal region. 7) Pick the correct abdominopelvic quadrant in each case based on the information provided. Select between the Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Upper quadrant (RUQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ), or Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ) for your answers. a. This quadrant contains the stomach, transverse colon, spleen, and the pancreas. b. The quadrant contains the appendix, ascending colon, and some small intestine. c. This quadrant contains the liver, gall bladder, small intestine, and transverse colon. d. This quadrant contains the descending & sigmoid colon, small intestine, and an ovary.

8) Pick the correct abdominal region in each case based on the information provided. Use either the Left Hypochondriac, Right Hypochondriac, Left Lumbar, Right Lumbar, Left Iliac, Right Iliac, Epigastric, Umbilical, or Hypogastric region for each answer! a. This region contains an appendix? b. This region contains parts of the heart, stomach, and liver? c. This region contains the uterus, bladder, and rectum? d. This region contains the ascending colon, a kidney, and an ovary?

9) Tell me which plane of the body (midsagittal, parasagittal right, parasagittal left, frontal, or transverse) would be the best to use if you wanted to take only one CT image (in each case) and simultaneously see: a. A lung, heart descending colon, an ovary, and a kidney. b. Ascending colon, descending colon, and the spine. c. The brain, both lungs, and the uterus. d. The spine, the trachea, and the bladder. 10) Based on what you learned from this assignment, please select the best term from the answer list provided on the right to correctly finish each sentence written below:

Finish Each Sentence Answers A patient with problems breathing probably has an infection of the _____________ mediastinum The intestines, spleen, stomach, and liver all contained within the ______________ superior The liver is ______________ to the diaphragm. pleural cavity The crural region is ____________ to the sural region. deep The trachea, esophagus, thymus, & aorta are all contained in the ______________ lateral The skin is _________________ to muscle and bone. peritoneal cavity The femoral region is _____________ to the tarsal region. proximal The heart is _____________ to the sternum. inferior The epigastric region is _____________ to the hypochondriac regions. anterior The iliac regions are ____________ to the hypogastric region. superficial High fluid pressure can stop the heartbeat with infections of the _______________ medial The nasal cavity is __________ to the oral cavity. pericardial cavity