Pre-Columbian Pre-Columbian Civilizations and Civilizations and

European SettlementEuropean Settlement

Unit 1Unit 1

1491-16071491-1607

Native CulturesNative Cultures

►SouthwestSouthwest PueblosPueblos Farming with Farming with

irrigation systemsirrigation systems MaizeMaize Known for their Known for their

stone & masonry stone & masonry dwellingsdwellings

►NorthwestNorthwest Hunting & GatheringHunting & Gathering FishingFishing Carved large totem Carved large totem

polespoles

Native Cultures…Native Cultures…

►Great Basin/Great Great Basin/Great PlainsPlains Nomadic hunters – Nomadic hunters –

buffalobuffalo Lived in tepeesLived in tepees Farming tribes lived Farming tribes lived

along rivers & traded along rivers & traded with otherswith others

Lakota Sioux acquired Lakota Sioux acquired horses & moved away horses & moved away from farming from farming

►Eastern WoodlandsEastern Woodlands Hunting, fishing, & Hunting, fishing, &

farmingfarming Adena-Hopewell Adena-Hopewell

known for large known for large earthen moundsearthen mounds

Iroquois Confederation Iroquois Confederation – highly organized; – highly organized; tribes united with a tribes united with a common council of common council of clan & village chiefs clan & village chiefs

Great Serpent Mount - Ohio

Great Plains native lifestyle

Cliff Palace – ColoradoTotem poles – Pacific Northwest

European Colonization► Why was 1492 a major

turning point? Led to massive

demographic & social changes in Europe, Africa, and the Americas

► Why colonize? God Glory Gold

► Columbian Exchange

Columbian ExchangeColumbian Exchange

Smallpox and NativesSmallpox and Nativesc. 1575-1580

SmallpoxSmallpox

Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)

European ColoniesEuropean Colonies