PRE-CIVIL WAR NOTES

Missouri Compromise (1820)

• 1. Missouri Compromise (1820)

a. Maine enters as a Free State

b. Missouri enters as a Slave State

c. No Slavery north of Missouri's southern border (36° 30')

Missouri Compromise (1820)

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WARCompromise of 1850

Compromise of 1850

• decides whether California enters as a Free state or a Slave state it enters as a Free state which makes the North happy.

• To make the South happy → Utah and New Mexico people of those territories decide if they will be free or slave

(called Popular Sovereignty)

Compromise slide #1 of #2

Compromise of 1850

• Slave trade is outlawed in Washington D.C.• Fugitive Slave Law passed, Federal Marshalls

allowed to search for escaped slaves in North and return them to the South.

• To oppose this, 9 northern states passed Personal Liberty Laws which forbid jailing of runaway slaves and guaranteed a trial by jury

• Compromise slide #2 of #2

Compromise of 1850

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WARUncle Tom's Cabin (1852)

Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852)• Novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe- portrays

harsh & inhumane treatment of slaves• More than one million copies sold by 1853

turns many northerners toward abolition; book infuriates the South

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WAR Kansas-Nebraska Act

• Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)• 36°30' line (Missouri Compromise) repealed• Popular Sovereignty would decide slavery in

Kansas & Nebraska• Creates "Bleeding Kansas" –small scale war

between proslavery and anti-slavery forces.

Kansas Nebraska Act

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WAR Dred Scott Decision 1857 (Dred Scott v. Sanford)

Dred Scott Decision 1857 (Dred Scott v. Sanford)

• Dred Scott, a slave, sues for his freedom b/c his master took him to Illinois which was a free state

• Supreme Court ruled 7-2 against Scott• Blacks are not citizens & therefore can not sue in Federal Court• 5th Amendment – property cannot be taken without due

process of the law

Dred Scott Decision 1857 (Dred Scott v. Sanford)

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WARJohn Brown's Raid (1859)

• Radical abolitionist who attempted to raid an arsenal in Harper’s Ferry, Va.

• Caught & executed, hero in the North but brings panic to the South

John Brown's Raid (1859)

EVENTS LEADING TO THE CIVIL WAR Election of Lincoln & the Republican Party (1860)

Election of Lincoln & the Republican Party (1860)• Immediate cause of the war• Republican Party was formed to stop the

spread of slavery• Lincoln wins in a 4-way race• Starting with South Carolina, southern states

start to secede from the Union

Election of Lincoln & the Republican Party (1860)