Pre-AP Unit 7 Vocabulary

Area – the measurement attribute that describes the number of square units a figure or region covers

Circumference – a linear measurement of the distance around a circle

Congruent – of equal measure, having exactly the same size and same shape

Dilation – a transformation in which an image is enlarged or reduced, depending on the scale factor, in such a way that the angles of the original figure are kept equal and the sides proportional so that the image is similar to the original; orientation is maintained while congruence is only maintained for scale factors of 1

Perimeter – a linear measurement of the distance around the outer edge of a figure

Positive rational numbers – the set of numbers that can be expressed as a fraction a/b, where a and b are whole numbers and b ≠ 0, which includes the subset of whole numbers and counting (natural) numbers (e.g. 0, 2, 11/7, 0.23(repeated),  etc.).

Reflection – a transformation frequently described as a flip; congruence is maintained and orientation is a mirror image

Rotation –  a transformation frequently described as a turn; congruence is maintained while orientation is only maintained for rotations of 360º

Scale factor – the common multiplicative ratio between pairs of related data which may be represented as a unit rate

Similar shapes – shapes whose angles are congruent and side lengths are proportional (equal scale factor)

Translation –  a transformation frequently described as a slide; congruence is maintained, as well as orientation to the original figure