PRC: Beijing Enterprises Water Group-Changping …...Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) will share...

Initial Environmental Examination December 2014

PRC: Beijing Enterprises Water Group-Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) Prepared by Beijing Enterprises Water Group Limited for the Asian Development Bank

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of 19 September 2014) Currency Unit – yuan (CNY)

CNY 1.00 = $ 0.1629 $ 1.00 = CNY 6.1391

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank AP – Affected person BEWG – Beijing Enterprises Water Group CNY – Chinese Yuan COD – Chemical Oxygen Demand CSC – Construction Supervision Company DEIA – Domestic Environmental Impact Assessment DI – Design Institute EIA – environmental impact assessment EMP – environmental management plan EPB – Environment Protection Bureau IEE – Initial Environmental Examination FSR – Feasibility Study Report GRM – Grievance Redress Mechanism O&M – operation and maintenance PRC – People’s Republic of China SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement SS – Suspended Solids TEIA – Tabular Environment Impact Assessment TN – Total Nitrogen TP – Total Phosphate WRP – Water Reclamation Plant

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

kg – kilogram km – kilometer m2 – square meter m3 – cubic meter

mg/l – Milligrams per liter Mg/m3 – Milligrams per cubic meter

mu – Chinese land measuring unit (1 hectare = 15 mu) ha – hectare (10,000 m2)

MW – megawatt (1 million watts) t – ton (1,000 kg)

NOTES In the report, “$” refers to US dollars.

This initial environment examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ 1

A. Background .......................................................................................................................................... 1 B. Project Content .................................................................................................................................... 1 C. Project Benefits .................................................................................................................................... 1 D. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Environmental Management Plan ....................................... 2 E. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation ...................................................................... 2 F. Grievance Redress Mechanism .......................................................................................................... 2 G. Environment Management Plan .......................................................................................................... 3 H. Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................... 3

II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK AND STANDARDS ......................................... 4 A. Policy, Legislative Framework for environment impact assessment in PRC ...................................... 4 B. Applicable ADB and PRC Policies and Assessment Categories ........................................................ 5 C. Evaluation Standards for the Project ................................................................................................... 6 D. Discharge Standards of the Project ..................................................................................................... 7

III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................... 11 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................ 16

A. General .............................................................................................................................................. 16 B. Physical Setting ................................................................................................................................. 16 C. Ecological Resources ........................................................................................................................ 21 D. Physical Cultural Resources .............................................................................................................. 21 E. Socioeconomic Conditions ................................................................................................................ 21 F. Environmental Quality Baseline......................................................................................................... 22

V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...................................... 25 A. Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits ................................................................................... 25 B. Screening and Scoping of Potential Impacts .................................................................................... 25 C. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction ............................................. 26 D. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operations ............................................... 31

VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ............................................................................................................ 36 A. No-Project Alternatives ...................................................................................................................... 36 B. Alternatives for Treatment Process ................................................................................................... 36

VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION .......................................... 39 A. Legislative Framework for Public Consultation and Information Disclosure ..................................... 39 B. Information Disclosure and Public Consultation to Date ................................................................... 39 C. Future Information Disclosure and Public Consultation Program ..................................................... 42

VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ................................................................................................ 43 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN .......................................................................................... 44

A. Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 44 B. Organizations and Their Responsibilities for EMP Implementation .................................................. 44

C. Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures .............................................................. 45 D. Environmental Inspection, Monitoring and Reporting .................................................................... 53

X. CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................................................... 57 Annex1: Domestic EIA Approval ...................................................................................................................... 58 Annex 2: EIA Public Consultation Questionnaire Sample ............................................................................... 62

List of Tables Table II-1: Applicable Environmental Laws 4 Table II-2: National and Local Administrative Regulations 4 Table II-3: Applicable Environmental Guidelines 5 Table II-4: Applicable Environmental Standards 5 Table II-5: Ambient Air Quality Standard (Unit: mg/m3) 6 Table II-6: Surface Water Quality Standard for Category IV (Unit: mg/L, pH is dimensionless) 6 Table II-7: Groundwater Quality Standard (Unit: mg/L, pH is dimensionless, Chromaticity: degree) 7 Table II-8: Acoustics Ambient Quality Standard (Sound level: dB(A)) 7 Table II-9: Air Pollutants Standard Limits for Proposed Project 7 Table II-10: Maximum emission concentration and minimum removal rate of cooking fume treatment

device 8 Table II-11: Water Pollutant Discharge Limit in Construction Stage (Unit: mg/L) 8 Table II-12: Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

(DB11/890-2012) (B Standard) 8 Table II-13: Reuse of Urban Recycled Water - Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water

Consumption (GB/T 18920-2002) 9 Table II-14: Reuse of Urban Recycled Water - Water Quality Standard for Scenic Environment Water

Consumption (GB/T 18921-2002) 9 Table II-15: Construction Site Noise Limits (Unit: Leq [dB(A)]) 10 Table III-1: Estimated Wastewater Influent Concentration 13 Table III-2: Designed Effluent Quality 13 Table III-3: Impact on the Changping WRP Phase I 14 Table IV-1: Air quality of Changping district in 24 hour averages (Unit: μg/m3) 22 Table IV-2: Water quality of Dongsha River 22 Table IV-3: Groundwater quality in areas nearby (Unit: mg/L, Total Coliform: CFU/L) 23 Table IV-4: Noise level at boundaries of Changping WRP (Unit: Leq[dB(A)]) 23 Table V-1: Major environmental protection targets 26 Table V-2: Noise from construction machineries at different distance 27 Table V-3: Design Inflow and Effluent Standards 32 Table V-4: Solid waste produced during operation and mitigation measures 32 Table V-5: Noise strength of the mechanical equipment used in proposed WRP 33 Table V-6: Noise Levels Predicted During Operation of Water Reclamation Plant (dB(A)) 33

Table V-7: Predicted Emissions from Water Reclamation Plant during Operation 34 Table VI-1: Comparison of technical characteristics of three treatment process alternatives 37 Table VI-2: Comparison of Odor Control Alternatives 38 Table VII-1: Respondents of Questionnaire Survey 41 Table VII-2: Results of Questionnaire Survey 41 Table IX-1: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Design, Construction, and Operation

Phases of the Project 45 Table IX-2: Environmental Mitigation Measures Implementation Cost Estimates 53 Table IX-3: Environment Monitoring Plan 54 Table IX-4: Proposed Project "Three-Simultaneity” Environmental Protection Inspection Checklist 55

List of Figures

Figure III-1: Catchment of Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Planned) 11 Figure III-2: Existing Main Sewer in Changping Old District 12 Figure III-3: Wastewater Process Flow Diagram 15 Figure III-4: Layout of the Changping Water Reclamation Plant 15 Figure IV-1: Location of Changping District 16 Figure IV-2: Location of the Proposed Works 17 Figure IV-3: Jing-Mi Canal 20 Figure IV-4: Dongsha River 21 Figure IV-5: Environmental monitoring locations 24 Figure VII-1: Information disclosure on Changping Water Affairs Bureau 40 Figure VII-2: Information disclosure by Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau 41

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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A. Background

1. This project’s Initial Environmental Examination (project IEE) report is prepared for the proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant Phase II of Beijing Enterprises Water Group (BEWG), in Changping District, Beijing Municipality, PRC. The IEE is prepared in accordance with the requirements of Asian Development Bank's (ADB's) Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009) on the basis of the domestic environmental impact assessment (DEIA) prepared by Beijing Huaxia Boxin Environmental Consulting Limited Company in 2014, Feasibility Study Report (FSR) and findings of site observations. The domestic EIA report was reviewed and approved by Changping Environmental Protection Bureau ([2014] No. 0438) on 22nd September 2014.

B. Project Content

2. The proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant Phase II is located in the planned area in existing Changping WWTP and occupies an area of 1.55ha. The design capacity of Phase II is 30,000 m3/d and will employ the Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic (AAO) biological treatment and Continuous Sand Filters treatment process. The major treatment components include fine screen, aeration sedimentation basin, series AAO chamber, chlorination room, blower room, sludge treatment and disposal room, and production workshop. The total floor area of the buildings is 2,767.95 m2. The total investment for the proposed project is estimated as 126.2578 million RMB. 3. The effluent will be used for toilet flushing, road irrigation, landscaping and river recharge and that the effluent shall satisfy the requirements of (i) The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption (GB/T 18920-2002); and (ii) The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Industrial Use (GB/T 20922-2007); (iii) Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (DB11/890-2012) (Class B).

C. Project Benefits 4. Reduced water pollution. The project will improve the water quality of the project area by providing wastewater treatment. It was estimated by the EIA institute that the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), ammonia, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphate (TP) and suspended solids (SS) through the proper operation of the Changping Water Reclamation Plant will be 7082.5 t/a, 2949.5 t/a, 655.25 t/a, 749.02 t/a, 92.73 t/a and 3279.17 t/a, respectively. 5. Reduced Air Pollution. The existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant does not have any odor collection and treatment devices. The proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) will share the odor collection and treatment devices with the Phase I. All of existing and future sludge treatment, pre-treatment and biological treatment units will be equipped with odor collection system and then the odor pollutants will be delivered to the biological treatment facilities. 6. Water Conservation. The treated effluent will be discharged into Dongsha River and wetlands around as recharge to the natural water system. With the development of outside water reuse pipelines, the effluent will be used for

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landscaping, road irrigation and toilet flushing, which can save the valuable water resources.

D. Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Environmental Management Plan

7. Major environmental issues during construction include significant earthwork and soil erosion, noise pollution, air pollution, surface water pollution, inadequate construction waste management, and occupational and community health and safety. Overall, construction-related impacts are localized, short term, and can be effectively mitigated through the application of good construction and housekeeping practices and implementation of construction phase community and occupational health and safety plans. Appropriate mitigation measures and monitoring programs have been developed to address these issues. 8. The main potential adverse impacts during operation of the project facilities include improper operation of wastewater treatment facilities, air pollution, and sludge disposal. Sludge disposal at WRP will require careful management and oversight. Noise and air quality predictions indicate that they will have minimal impact on these media. 9. Mitigation measures and a monitoring program were defined for all identified impacts, and are included in the environmental management plan (EMP) in the project’s initial environmental examination (IEE). The EMP sets out the procedures and plans to carry out mitigation measures and monitoring during sequential stages of the project including design, construction and operation. For each impact, appropriate mitigation measures are described. Monitoring and supervision will be undertaken to ensure that environmental impacts will be minimized to acceptable levels.

E. Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation

10. The information of the proposed project was disclosed on the website of Changping Water Affairs Bureau since 14th July 2014. In addition, the full domestic EIA report was disclosed on the website of Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau (BEPB) on 22nd August 2014. No concerns or objections were received during the disclosure. 11. This project IEE will be also disclosed on ADB’s website.

F. Grievance Redress Mechanism

12. BEWG will establish a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) on site for handling environmental and social complaints, including complaint recording, consultation, issue investigation, mitigation action, follow-up, general timeframe for resolution and delegation of responsibilities. The GRM will address any possible concerns and dissatisfaction of affected groups regarding the social and environmental impact of its subprojects, and seek a proper solution. It should be able to promptly respond to the affected groups, be transparent and free of gender discrimination, and adapt to the cultural traditions of the affected groups and communities. Moreover, it should enable different affected groups to express their opinions, with no fear of reprisal. The E&S General Manager will be responsible for (i) resolving appeals, complaints, and disputes concerning the environmental and social impacts of subprojects which have not been resolved by the plant managers at

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the subproject level, and (ii) for coordinating, guiding and supervising the subproject companies in handling appeals, complaints, and disputes. 13. The project company will inform the local community and the affected people of the grievance and appeal procedure through public information meetings, the resettlement information brochure and other media, so that they can fully understand their rights for grievance and appeal.

G. Environment Management Plan

14. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared for the project. It is an essential document to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures. The EMP defines appropriate mitigation measures for the anticipated environmental impacts, and defines the institutional responsibilities and mechanisms to monitor and ensure the compliance with PRC’s environmental laws, standards and regulations, and ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009). 15. EMP supervision and monitoring results will be used to evaluate (i) the extent and severity of actual environmental impacts against the predicted impacts, (ii) the performance of the environmental protection measures or compliance with related rules and regulations, (iii) trends of impacts, and (iv)overall effectiveness of the mitigation measures.

H. Conclusion

16. The project IEE concludes that as long as the environmental mitigation and management measures defined in the EMP are properly implemented, all adverse environmental impacts associated with the project will be prevented, eliminated, or minimized to an acceptable level. The project is feasible from an environment safeguards point of view.

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II. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK AND STANDARDS

A. Policy, Legislative Framework for environment impact assessment in

PRC 17. The EIA management procedure has been established in the PRC since early 1990s. The domestic environment impact assessment (DEIA) upon which this project IEE is based has been prepared under the provisions of the PRC’s EIA law of 2003 and the PRC Management Guideline on EIA categories of Construction Project (2008). The interim Guideline on Public Participation in EIA (2006) has also been a significant development that provides for opportunities to involve the public in the EIA process. This was further strengthened by the Requirements on Preparation of Environmental Impact Report Summary (2012[51], MEP), which requires that the summary of the DEIA reports should be disclosed on local EPB websites. The primary national laws and regulations that governed the EIA studies of the proposed project are provided in Table II-1 and Table II-2 respectively.

Table II-1: Applicable Environmental Laws

No. Title of the Law Year Issued 1 Environmental Protection Law 1989 2 Environmental Impact Assessment Law 2003 3 Water Law 2002 4 Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2008 5 Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2000 6 Noise Pollution Control Law 1996 7 Forestry Law 1998 8 Wild Fauna Protection Law 2004 9 Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law 2013 10 Water and Soil Conservation Law 1991 11 Cleaner Production Promotion Law 2002 12 Urban and Rural Planning Law 2008 13 Land administration Law 2004 14 Circular Economy Promotion Law 2009

Table II-2: National and Local Administrative Regulations

No. Regulation Year Issued

1 Regulation on EIA of Plans and Programs 2009 2 Regulation on Environmental Protection Management for Construction

Project 1998

3 Regulation on Protection of Wild Flora 1997 4 Requirements for the EIA Summary of Construction Project 2010 Regulation on Cultural Heritage Protection 2003 5 Regulation on Classification of Construction Project Environmental

Protection Management (MEP) 2009

6 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030) 2010 7 Requirement for Social Risk Assessment of Large Investment Projects 2012 8 The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030) 2010 9 National Regulation for Public Disclosure of EIAs (NDRC) 2012 10 Environmental Protection Supervision Rules for Construction Projects 1998 11 Water Pollution Control of Beijing Municipality 2011 18. The implementation of environmental laws and regulations is supported by a series of associated management and technical guidelines (Table II-3)

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Table II-3: Applicable Environmental Guidelines

No. Guideline Year/Code 1 Guideline on Jurisdictional Division of Review and Approval of EIAs

for Construction Projects 2009

2 Guideline on EIA Categories of Construction Projects 2008 3 Interim Guideline on Public Consultation for EIA 2006 4 Technical Guideline on EIA: Outline HJ2.1-2011 5 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Surface Water HJ/T 2.3-1993 6 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Atmospheric Environment HJ 2.2-2008 7 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Acoustic Environment HJ 2.4-2009 8 Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Ecological Impact HJ 19-2011 9 Technical Specification on Water and Soil Conservation Plan GB50433-2008 10 Technical Guideline on Environmental Risk Assessment for

Construction Project HJ/T 169-2004

11 Industrial Restructuring Directory Revised in 2013

19. The environmental quality standard system that supports and evaluates the implementation of the environmental protection laws and regulations in the PRC is classified into two categories by function (i.e., pollutant emission/discharge standards and ambient environmental standards). The relevant main standards applicable to the project are shown in Table II-4.

Table II-4: Applicable Environmental Standards

No. Standards Code 1 Surface Water Quality Standard GB 3838-2002 2 Ambient Air Quality Standards GB 3095-2012 3 Urban Ambient Acoustic Quality Standard GB 3096-2008 4 Integrated Emission Standard of Air Pollutants GB 16297-1996 5 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard GB 8978-1996 6 Ground Water Quality Standard GB/T 14848-93 7 Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Site GB 12523-2011 8 Noise Limit of Industrial Enterprises GB 12348-2008 9 Standard for Pollution Control on the Storage and Disposal Site for

General Industrial Solid Wastes GB 18597-2001

10 Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants GB 18599-2001 B. Applicable ADB and PRC Policies and Assessment Categories 20. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009) provides the basis for this Project IEE. All projects funded by ADB must comply with the SPS. The purpose of the SPS is to establish an environmental review process to ensure that projects undertaken as part of programs funded under ADB loans are environmentally sound, are designed to operate in line with applicable regulatory requirements, and are not likely to cause significant environment, health, or safety hazards. 21. The project is classified as Category B by ADB, requiring an initial environmental examination (IEE). Domestically, the project is classified as Category B in accordance with the Guideline on EIA Classification for Construction Projects issued by the PRC’s Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP) in 2008, requiring a tabular environment impact report (TEIA). The TEIA report of the proposed project was prepared by Beijing Huaxia Boxin Environmental Consulting Limited Company in 2014 and reviewed and approved by Changping Environmental Protection Bureau ([2014]No. 0438) on 22nd September 2014 ( Attachment 1).

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C. Evaluation Standards for the Project 22. Air Quality Standard. The PRC ranks air quality into three classes according to “Ambient Air Quality Standard” (GB 3095-1996, amendment in 2000), with Class I having the best air quality and Class III the worst air quality. A new standard has been issued in 2002 (GB 3095-2012), replacing GB 3095-1996, and will become effective on January 2016 nationwide. However, Beijing was determined as the first batch cities to pilot implement the new standard since January 2013. The new standard combines Class II and Class III and introduce PM2.5 standards. It also makes more stringent NO2 standards. The specific standard values (for Class II) are listed in Table IV-5.

Table II-5: Ambient Air Quality Standard (Unit: mg/m3)

Parameter TSP PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NO2 Annual

Average 0.20 0.07 0.035 0.06 0.04

24-hour Average 0.30 0.15 0.075 0.15 0.08

1-hour Average - - - 0.50 0.20

Source: Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB 3095-2012) 23. Surface water Quality Standard. For water quality assessment, the determining standard will be Surface Water Quality Standard (GB3838-2002). It defines five water quality categories for different environmental functions. Category I is the best, suitable for head waters and National Nature Reserves. Category II is suitable for drinking water sources in Class I protection areas, habitats for rare aquatic organisms, breeding grounds for fish and crustaceans, and feeding grounds for fish fries. Category III is suitable for drinking water sources in Class II protection areas, wintering grounds for fish and crustaceans, migration routes, water bodies for aquaculture and capture fishery, and swimming activities. Category IV is suitable for general industrial use and non-contact recreational activities. Category V is the worst which is only suitable for agricultural and scenic water uses. 24. Part of the treated effluent will be discharged into the Dongsha River. Dongsha River is classified as Category IV water body. The key parameters for Category IV standard is set out in Table II-6. Table II-6: Surface Water Quality Standard for Category IV (Unit: mg/L, pH is dimensionless)

Parameter pH DO CODCr BOD5 NH3-N TP TN

Category IV

Standard 6-9 ≥3 ≤30 ≤6 ≤1.5 ≤0.3 ≤1.5

Source: Surface Water Quality Standard (GB3838-2002) 25. Groundwater Quality. The Category III standard of Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T 14848-93) is applicable for the project region.

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Table II-7: Groundwater Quality Standard (Unit: mg/L, pH is dimensionless, Chromaticity: degree)

Parameter Standard Parameter Standard pH 6.5-8.5 Cyanide ≤0.05

CODMn ≤3.0 Arsenic ≤0.05 Total Hardness ≤450 Selenium ≤0.01

TDS ≤1000 Cadmium ≤0.01 NH3-N ≤0.2 Chromium-6 ≤0.05 NO3-N ≤20 Copper ≤1.0 Sulfate ≤250 Zinc ≤1.0

Chloride ≤250 Iron ≤0.3 NO2-N ≤0.02 Manganese ≤0.1

Mercury ≤0.001 LAS ≤0.3 Lead ≤0.05 Fluoride ≤1.0

Volatile Phenol ≤0.002 Total Coliform (MPN/L) ≤3.0 Source: Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T 14848-93) 26. Noise. According to Ambient Acoustic Function Zoning and Noise Management Regulation of Changping District, noise level in project area shall comply with the Category I Acoustic Ambient Quality Standard (GB3096-2008) (Table II-8).

Table II-8: Acoustics Ambient Quality Standard (Sound level: dB(A))

Function Zone Category Standard Maximum Level Day Night

Class I I 55 45 D. Discharge Standards of the Project 27. Air Pollutant Emissions. The odor from wastewater treatment plant should follow Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard (GB 14554-93). The NH3 and H2S concentration at plant boundary shall comply with the Class II standard of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB18918-2002). The maximum allowable emission concentrations for NH3, H2S and odor are 0.15mg/m3, 0.06mg/m3, 20 (dimensionless). In addition, the NH3 and H2S concentrations at each outlet should comply with the Integrated Air Pollutant Emission Standard of Beijing (DB11/501-2007). The specific values are listed in Table II-9.

Table II-9: Air Pollutants Standard Limits for Proposed Project

Pollutant Air-vent Height (m)

Maximum Allowable Emission Concentration (mg/m3)

Applicable Standard

NH3 4 5.0 DB11/501-2007 8.2

H2S 4 0.15 DB11/501-2007 8.2 28. According to Emission Standard of Cooking Fume (GB18483-2001), the minimum removal rate of cooking fume treatment device is classified into three levels, based on the size and power of ovens. The proposed project will have two small ovens catering for 24 employees during operation. The maximum emission

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concentration and minimum removal rate of cooking fume treatment device are shown in Table II-10.

Table II-10: Maximum emission concentration and minimum removal rate of cooking fume treatment device

Scale Small Medium Large Maximum allowable emission concentration (mg/m3) 2.0

Minimum removal rate of cooking fume treatment device (%) 60 75 85 29. Water Pollutant Emissions. The proposed project is located within the existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant. During construction, the wastewater from construction equipment cleaning will be treated by pretreatment system and then discharged into the existing wastewater system. Domestic wastewater will be discharged directly into the existing Water Reclamation Plant. Therefore, the wastewater discharge during construction stage shall comply with water pollutant discharge limit for wastewater discharge into public wastewater treatment system of Beijing Integrated Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants (DB11/307-2013) (see Table II-11).

Table II-11: Water Pollutant Discharge Limit in Construction Stage (Unit: mg/L)

Parameter BOD5 CODcr SS NH3-N DB11/307-2013 300 500 400 45 30. Some effluent from Changping Water Reclamation Plant Phase II will be discharged into Dongsha River, which is classified as Category IV water body. According to the regulations in local Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (DB11/890-2012) in Beijing, newly constructed/ rehabilitated municipal WWTP effluent discharge into Class IV or V water body shall comply with B standard, details are shown in Table II-12. As some effluent will be reused for landscaping irrigation, toilet flushing and river recharge, the effluent shall also comply with Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption (GB/T 18920-2002)/Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Industrial Use (GB/T20922-2007). In this case, the more stringent standard will prevail. Table II-12: Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Plants (DB11/890-2012) (B Standard)

Parameter Unit B Standard pH -- 6-9

COD mg/L 30 BOD5 mg/L 6

SS mg/L 5 Oil and Grease mg/L 0.5

TN mg/L 15 NH3-N mg/L 1.5 (2.5)1

TP mg/L 0.3 Chromaticity/Dilution Factor 10 15

Fecal Coliform MPN/L 1000

1 Note: Limits in parenthesis is applicable during winter, i.e December 1st to March 31st of next year, when the water temperature is regarded lower than 12℃.

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Table II-13: Reuse of Urban Recycled Water - Water Quality Standard for Urban

Miscellaneous Water Consumption (GB/T 18920-2002)

No. Parameter Toilet Flushing

Roads Cleaning,

Fire Protection

Urban Greening

Vehicle Cleaning Construction

1 pH 6.0-9.0 2 Chromaticity≤ 30 3 Smell None unpleasant

4 Turbidity /NTU ≤ 5 10 10 5 20

5 TDS /(mg/L) ≤ 1500 1500 1000 1000 - 6 BOD5/(mg/L) ≤ 10 15 20 10 15 7 NH3-N/(mg/L) ≤ 10 15 20 10 15 8 LAS/(mg/L) ≤ 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 9 Iron/(mg/L) ≤ 0.3 - - 0.3 -

10 Manganese/(mg/L) ≤ 0.1 - - 0.1 -

11 DO/(mg/L) ≥ 1.0

12 Total Chlorine Residual/(mg/L) ≤ After 30min contact ≥ 1.0, end of pipe ≥ 2.0

13 Total Coliform /(CFU/L) ≤ 3

Table II-14: Reuse of Urban Recycled Water - Water Quality Standard for Scenic Environment Water Consumption (GB/T 18921-2002)

Parameter

Reuse of Urban Recycled Water - Water Quality Standard for Scenic Environment Water Consumption (GB/T 18921-2002)

Aesthetic environment use Recreational environment use River Lake Waterscape River Lake Waterscape

COD(mg/L) - - - - - - BOD5(mg/L) 10 6 6

SS(mg/L) 20 10 - Oil & Grease - -

Petroleum 1 LAS 0.5 TN 15

NH3-N 5 TP 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 pH 6-9

Chromaticity 30 Fecal Coliform

(CFU/L) 10000 2000 500

Total Coliform (CFU/L)

Turbidity 5.0 Smell

Chlorine Residual

0.05 (Chlorine contact time should not be shorter than 30min, if chlorination disinfection is used)

TDS (mg/L) Minimum

Requirement No suspended particles, no unpleasant smell

Water Temperature

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31. Noise. Construction noise will be assessed against the standards in Emission Standards of Ambient Noise for Boundary of Site (GB 12523-2011) and Class II of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB 12348-2008).

Table II-15: Construction Site Noise Limits (Unit: Leq [dB(A)])

Period Major Noise Source Noise Limit

Day Night Construction Bulldozer, excavators and loader, pile driving machines;

concrete mixer, vibrator and electric saw; hoist and lifter 70 55

Operation Pumps 55 45 32. Solid Waste. Sludge disposal and treatment shall comply with Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Law (2013 amended) and Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant" (GB18918-2002) and its modified amendment, which requires the water content of dewatered sludge shall be below 80%. 33. Laboratory waste chemicals storage shall comply with Standard for Pollution Control on Hazardous Waste Storage (GB18597-2001). 34. Total Emission Amount Control. According to Total Emission Control Implementation Regulations for Construction Projects in Changping District" (trial), COD, NH3-N, SO2 and NOx are the major four contaminants that were determined as special contaminant to implement total amount control in Beijing. The total emission amount control indicators of the proposed WRP were determined as COD and NH3-N. The emission amounts of COD and NH3-N are required to be controlled within 35t/a and 1.75t/a.

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III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 35. The wastewater treatment facilities of Changping Water Reclamation Plant (WRP) phase I, built in September 2003, is located in Changping District, Beijing, PRC. The wastewater treatment design capacity is 54,000m3/d, providing services for the Changping Old District. The current wastewater treatment amount is about 30,000-40,000 m3/d. The EIA was approved by Beijing Municipal EPB on 18th January 2000. 36. The water reuse treatment facilities with design capacity of 20,000m3/d entered into operation since May 2010. The EIA for the water reclamation treatment facilities was approved by Changping District EPB on 31st May 2006. 37. The Changping WRP Phase I is owned and managed by Changping Water Affairs Bureau. 38. According to the Public Infrastructure Planning of Changping (2007-2020): Water Discharge and Treatment Plan, the catchment of Changping Water Reclamation Plant will cover Changping Old District and the Eastern New Area (See Fig. III-1). The total length of existing sewers in Changping Old District is 61.18km, covering 300,000 population. The existing main sewers are shown in Figure III-2 (blue lines). Currently the sewage collection system is not completed. The Changping old district is mainly a residential and commercial area. The industrial wastewater is not significant. Main sewers in the Eastern New Area are under construction with the road so the sewage from Eastern New Area are not connected to Changping WRP now.

Figure III-1: Catchment of Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Planned)

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Source: FSR

Figure III-2: Existing Main Sewer in Changping Old District

39. Based on the FSR and detailed plan of Changping New District, the resident population in Eastern New Area will increase to 100,000 with total water demand of 52,000 m3/d by 2020. The sewage amount is estimated to reach 44,200m3/d by 2020. It is estimated in the FSR by water consumption norm that the industrial wastewater amount will be 18,885 m3/d by 2020. According to the FSR, industrial wastewater will account for about 10%. 40. The Construction Committee of Eastern New Area projected that the sewage amount will reach 60%of the planned horizontal year (2020) in 2017, which is 26,500 m3/d. 41. According to the Public Infrastructure Planning of Changping (2007-2020): Water Reuse Plan, the maximum daily demand for reused water will be 113,000 m3/d. However, the existing treatment capacity (20,000 m3/d) is far from satisfying the demand. 42. Considering the land area available and future demand, the design capacities of wastewater treatment and water reuse are determined as 30,000 m3/d. 43. Influent and Effluent Water Quality. Referring to the influent water quality of the existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant, the wastewater influent concentration is estimated as given in Table III-1.

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Table III-1: Estimated Wastewater Influent Concentration

No. Item Unit Design Influent Concentration

1 BOD5 mg/L 270 2 CODcr mg/L 650 3 SS mg/L 300 4 TN mg/L 70 5 NH3-N mg/L 60 6 TP mg/L 8.5 Source: FSR 44. The effluent will be used for toilet flushing, road irrigation, landscaping and river recharge so that the effluent shall satisfy the requirements of (i) The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Urban Miscellaneous Water Consumption (GB/T 18920-2002);and (ii) The Reuse of Urban Recycling Water: Water Quality Standard for Industrial Use (GB/T 20922-2007); (iii) Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (DB11/890-2012) (Class B).

Table III-2: Designed Effluent Quality

Item Unit Designed Influent

DB11/890-2012

(Class B)

GB/T18920-2002

GB/T18921-2002

Designed Effluent

BOD5 mg/L 270 ≤6 ≤10-20 ≤6 6 CODcr mg/L 650 ≤30 - - 30 SS mg/L 300 5 - ≤10 5 NH4-N mg/L 60 1.5(2.5) ≤10-20 ≤5 1.5 TN mg/L 70 ≤15 - ≤15 15 TP mg/L 8.5 ≤0.3 - ≤0.5 0.3 Chromaticity dimensi

onless - ≤15 ≤30 ≤30 15

Fecal coliform Number /L

- ≤1000 - ≤500 500

Total coliforms Number /L

- ≤3 - 3

Total chlorine mg/L - ≥1.0 after contact 30min; ≥0.2 at the end of the distribution pipe

≥0.05 ≥1.0 after contact 30min; ≥0.2 at the end of the distribution pipe

Source: FSR 45. Treatment Process. The proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) consists of coarse and fine screenings, pump, aerated grit chamber, A2O tank, sedimentation tank, high efficient sedimentation, disinfection, coagulation and filtration, clean water storage tank and reuse/discharge system (Fig. III-3 and Fig. III-4). The effluent will be used for Dongsha River and Wetland recharge/ landscaping, road irrigation and toilet flushing. 46. Relations to Changping WRP Phase I. Phase I and Phase II will share the pre-treatment system. The capacity of existing pre-treatment system is inadequate to satisfy requirements of Phase II. Replacement of certain equipment and

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re-construction of some structures are needed. Details are given in Table III-3. The shared facilities will be managed by BEWG.

Table III-3: Impact on the Changping WRP Phase I Before After Harrow teeth type coarse screen Cable type coarse 2 sets 1500m3/h and 2 sets 800m3/h lift pumps

4 sets 1530h/m3 lift pumps

Replace the existing submersible pumps due to changes of water head.

4 submersible pumps

Demolition of existing fine screen and swirl grit

Construct new fine screen and aerated grit; install metering devices at the outlet of grit.

Demolition of the maintenance workshop Construct a new maintenance workshop Demolition of influent metering well Add a new pump in the west connecting to

DN1200 pipes; Construct a new influent metering well;

Source: FSR, DEIA

47. The effluent water quality of WRP Phase I are monitored online (COD, NH3-N and pH). The monitoring results are accessible through http://www.instech.cn/water/. No non-compliance to DB11/890-2012 were found. 48. The wastewater collection and water reuse pipelines outside the Changping Water Reclamation Plant will be owned, constructed and managed by Changping Water Affair Bureau. Two sewers (DN1800-2000mm, 110m long) and two reclamation pipes (DN800, 110m long) will be constructed to connect to the main pipes in the north of Jing-Mi Canal. The construction of pipes is required to follow all relevant approval procedures as new construction project. The FSR and EIA were approved by Changping Development and Reform Commission (2013[102]) and Changping District EPB in 2014. 49. The sludge will be dewatered by frame dewatering machine with moisture content not exceeding 60%. The moisture of the sludge will be regularly tested. After dewatering, the sludge will be delivered to Beijing Cement Co., Ltd. The sludge will be further dried making use of the heat from cement kiln then the dry sludge will be used as admixture for cement production.

http://www.instech.cn/water/

15

Figure III-3: Wastewater Process Flow Diagram

Figure III-4: Layout of the Changping Water Reclamation Plant

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IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT A. General

50. The description of the pre-project environment (biophysical, ecological and socio-economic) establishes (i) the environmental setting within which the project will be implemented, and therefore needs to be designed to suit, and (ii) the environmental values which will be changed (either negatively or positively) by the project. Both of these roles are encompassed by the concept of the “baseline” environment. The baseline environmental surveys were determined by the kinds of components proposed and the environmental parameters which were relevant to their impact assessment.

B. Physical Setting 51. Location. The project is located in the Nanzhao town in Changping district in Beijing, 110m south of Jing-Mi water diversion canal and approximately 220m east of Dongsha river, with west side adjacent to Dongsha river wetland and east side adjacent to Jingjiang road.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beijing

Figure IV-1: Location of Changping District

52. The existing land uses on the southern side of the project include green area, industrial area and Jiangtun village, the closest distance from Jiangtun Village is 302m. The project occupies an area of 8.0 ha.

17

Source: DEIA

Figure IV-2: Location of the Proposed Works

53. Regional topography. Situated in the Changping Basin, Changping's topography is gently sloping and relatively flat, it shows high grade in the northwest and low grade in the southeast, sloping slightly from the northwest to the southeast. The surface features in the southern and northern area are mountains or semi-mountainous area. The mountainous region in the west as a whole is called Xi Mountain, with its boundary at Nankou and Juyongguan, and it is part of the Taihang mountain range. The mountainous region in the north as a whole is called Jundu Mountain and it is part of Yan mountain range. The mountainous region has an altitudes ranging from 400 m to 800 m with a summit with a highest elevation of 1439.3m MSL. 54. The lithology of northern mountains is mainly comprised of granite, dolomitic limestone and gneiss. The texture of the soil is thin layer brown soil formed by rock weathering, which is suitable for plantation. The soil in southern plain is thick layer Fluvo-aquic soil formed by alluvial sediments from Quaternary, which is also suitable for cultivation of various types of crops. Due to the typical geological structure and geological archaeology, Changping district has rich tourism resources. 55. Based on the geotechnical investigation report of Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II), the eastern area of the plant is relatively flat with most of its land uses as farmland, the topography of the site has a downgrade of elevation from east to west, with existing grades range from 51.04 to 52.55m. The embedment depth of foundation within 2-3m is settled at 1) first layer: clayey silt, standard bearing capacity is 100kPa; 2) second layer: silty clay layer containing organic matter, standard bearing capacity is 100kPa. 3) third layer: fine sandy layer, standard bearing capacity is 130kPa. The embedment depth of foundation within 3-6m is settled at 1) first layer: medium sand layer, standard bearing capacity is 200kPa; 2) second layer: round gravel layer, standard bearing capacity is 270kPa; 3) third layer: silty clay layer,

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standard bearing capacity is 170kPa; 4) fourth layer: coarse gravel layer, thickness is larger than 0.4-3.9m, standard bearing capacity is 250kPa.

56. Seismicity. According to the Seismic Peak Acceleration Zoning Map of the PRC (GB18306-2001) (1:400) (prepared by State Seismological Bureau, 2001), the peak acceleration of ground motion is 0.20g, and corresponding seismic basic intensity is VIII degree. All buildings and structures will be designed in accordance with the Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010)2, and other codes for anti-seismic design of special structures, as relevant.

57. Climate. Beijing is located in a temperate continental semi-arid climate zone near mountain plains, the dominate wind direction is from northwest, with more than 20 days annually in the spring and winter season in windy condition. Its climate is characterized by hot and rainy summers, cold and dry winters, dry and windy springs, and cool and nice autumns. According to the average meteorological data statistical analysis from 1971-2000, the annual average temperature in this area is 11.8℃, with the lowest monthly average in January (-4.1 ℃) and highest in July (25.8 ℃), which has a difference of 29.9 ℃; annual average evaporation is 1393mm, annual average precipitation is 580mm, precipitation distribution is considered uneven for Beijing with highest in summer (June to August), which has an average of 429.9mm and accounts for 75% of the year, lowest precipitation occurs in Winter (December to February) which averages at 10mm, approximately, and accounts for 2% of the annual precipitation for the year; there are 96.6 annual average cloudy days and 4.4 annual average foggy days3. 58. It was reported that the annual precipitation in China was projected to increase 10%-12% by 2100. The wetting will be particularly evident in Northeast, Northwest China and the Tibetan Plateau4. The proposed project is designed on 50 return years flood to enhance adaptation to extreme precipitation event. The 50 return years flood elevation is 38.34m. The original elevation of the project site is about 39.6-39.3m. The project area will be elevated to 51.9-52.5m, which is about 10m higher than the 50-year flood elevation. 59. The frequency of static wind is relatively high in Beijing, which mainly occurs in summer and winter season, with a percentage frequency at 23% and 26%, respectively. Annual average frequency of static wind is as high as 21%. Most of the wind comes from east and northwest, with an annual average frequency at 9%. There is no prevailing wind direction, annual average wind speed is 2.2m/s, monthly average wind speed is 3.4m/s which occur in April. 60. Hydrogeology. The hydrogeological characteristics in the vicinity of the project area include the following: 61. Diluvial alluvial fan zone upper layer: it is composed by different sizes of gravels, with a relatively high permeability at approximately 100m/d.

2 The code is applicable to the seismic design and the isolation and energy dissipation design of the buildings

suited on zones of seismic precautionary intensity 6, 7, 8 and 9. 3 China Meteorological Administration (1971-2000).

4 Ding Yihui et al. China’s National Assessment Report on Climate Change (I): Climate Change in China and the

Future Trend. Advanced Climate Change Research, 2007, 3(Suppl.):1-5

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/China_Meteorological_Administration

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62. Diluvial alluvial fan zone groundwater overflow layer: this layer receives water from upstream runoff and precipitation infiltration, due to its formation into phreatic water and rapid evaporation, it hardly recharges into groundwater. 63. Diluvial alluvial fan zone middle and bottom layer: it is composed by shallow phreatic aquifer and deep confined aquifer. Shallow phreatic aquifer has relatively low permeability while deep confined aquifer, being comprised of various sizes of sand and gravels, has a permeability of 20-100m/d. 64. River system. The water system includes Jingmi water diversion canal, Dongsha River and Mengzu River. Jingmi water diversion canal and Dongsha River are located at fly-over intersection by Huazhuang. 65. Jingmi water diversion canal is one of the largest water diversion projects in Beijing, with construction been completed in 1966, its original functions are for irrigation, industrial and municipal water supply. As the urban development of Beijing and the increase in water demand day by day, lack of water supply has become a major issue in Beijing. In order to resolve the urgent water supply issue, the current use of Jingmi water diversion canal is primarily for the municipal water supply. Water is diverted from Baihe Dam in Miyun reservoir, flowing through Miyun, Huairou district, Shunyi district, changping district and Haidian district and then feeding into Yongding river water diversion canal in Bingjiao. 66. Dongsha River is one of the five tributaries of Wenyun River which is within Beiyun river basin, with 14km of total length and 287km2 of watershed, it is originated at mountainous area in Yanqing county Xierdao River. Dongsha River has three upstream tributaries including Deshengkou stream, Zhuishikou stream and Laojuntang stream, converging in The Ming Tombs water reservoir, flowing by Baifu, Xishatun, and feeds into Beisha River. The watershed of Dongsha River includes the watershed before Ming Tombs water reservoir (223 km2) and the area between Ming Tombs reservoir and Dongsha river estuary (42 km2). The main river trunk has a length of 45km. The section downstream of Ming Tombs reservoir has a length of 13.3km. Due to the construction of water reservoir, its upstream is under dry condition during non-flood period. Currently, the domestic and industrial wastewater in Changping district is collected into sewage system, treated by Changping Water Reclamation Plant and discharged into Dongsha River.

20

Figure IV-3: Jing-Mi Canal

21

Figure IV-4: Dongsha River

67. Soil. Soil types in Changping district generally include brown earth, brown soil, Fluvo-aquic soil, paddy soil and aeolian sandy soil.

C. Ecological Resources

68. The flora in the vicinity of the project area include three flora regions: the west mountainous region with an elevation of higher than 900m is dominated by natural secondary forest and coppice forest, the region below 900m mean sea level (MSL) mainly has bush, bush grass, artificial forest and economic forest; north mountainous region is dominated by natural secondary forest, bush, bush grass, artificial forest and economic forest; plain area has native zonal vegetation which is deciduous broad-leaved forest distributed in upper area of alluvial plain and river watershed which is not affected by the groundwater. For the area which is easily affected by the groundwater, due to its long history of being used as farmland, natural flora has been substituted by artificial vegetation which are mainly herbs. 69. The effluent from WRP will partly be discharged into Dongsha River as recharge. Dongsha River was artificially channelized. Landscaping flora was planted along the riverside, such as willow (Salix babylonica) and poplar (Populus alba). Algal bloom is apparent as the water is polluted. Fish species are limited to those with high tolerance for polluted water, such as Silurus asotus and Cyprinus carpio.

D. Physical Cultural Resources

70. Changping district has favorable natural environmental condition, numerous famous historical and cultural relics, rich cultural resources, various modern landscapes and numerous tourism resources. Currently, there are 117 scenic spots, 78 culture relic protection organizations, among which there are 4 national emphasis cultural relic units and 5 city emphasis cultural relic units, 4 national 4A level scenic spots, 65 hotels with 3 stars or above. There are 2 world cultural heritages, The Ming Tombs and The Juyongguan Great Wall, the largest Museum of Flight of Asia and the only museum of the tanks of Asia within this district. In addition, there are numerous high grade hotels and resorts including Jiuhua mountain resort, Crowne Plaza Hotels and Resorts, Juyongguan Inn. There is no cultural relic within the proposed project area.

E. Socioeconomic Conditions

71. Changping district is located in the northwestern Beijing, with a total area of 1343.5 km2 and a population of 1.889 million, spans 2 streets, 15 towns and companies. It has rich educational resources, favorable ecological environment and various cultural and landscape sceneries. With its attractive location and resources, 43 education institutions, 106 research institutions, more than 1500 high-tech companies and nearly 20,000 technical workers have settled in this district. Changping district also contains 2 national forestry parks, as it is the origin of Beijing mother-river - Wenyu River, the coverage of forest is as high as 60%. In addition, this district has various historical and cultural heritages including Ming Tombs, Juyongguan Great Wall, 35 tourism scenic points, 80 archaeological relics and sites. Changping district is connected by various highways and streets to downtown Beijing and nearby cities and counties, train Changping line (phase I) has been put into service since 2010, which significantly shorten the commute time between Changping to downtown Beijing.

22

72. The economy in Changping district has developed steadily in 2013. The main economic indexes have maintained steady growth. Fixed-asset investment and fiscal revenue of Changping district have relatively faster growth. The residence income has increased steadily and industrial revenue has a slight increase in 2013.

F. Environmental Quality Baseline

73. This section presents the environmental quality baseline conditions and the key environmental issues (air, surface water, groundwater and noise) in the project area. The monitoring locations are shown in Figure IV-5. 74. Air Quality Baseline. In order to have an overall understanding of the air quality baseline of the project area, air quality data was collected from Changping district environment air monitoring station - Changping Central Park substation, including 24 hour average concentration of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, during the period of March 28th, 2013 to April 3rd, 2013. The monitoring results are listed in Table IV-1.

Table IV-1: Air quality of Changping district in 24 hour averages (Unit: μg/m3) Parameter 13/3/28 13/3/29 13/3/30 13/3/31 13/4/01 13/4/02 13/4/03

PM10

24 hour average 31 88 112 184 110 112 195 24 hour average standard 150 150 150 150 150 150 150

Compliance (Y/N) Y Y Y N Y Y N

PM2.5


Compliance (Y/N) Y Y N N N N N

SO2


Compliance (Y/N) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y

NO2


Compliance (Y/N) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 75. Based on data shown above, 24 hour average concentration of SO2 and NO2 both meet the Class II of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-2012), while 24 hour average concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 exceeded the standard. It can be seen that the total suspended particle (TSP), inhalable particles (PM10) and fine particles (PM2.5) are relatively high, which become the main air pollutant in this area. It is mainly because monitoring was carried out in the spring season strongly influenced by the spring sandstorm. 76. Surface Water Quality. Dongsha River is the major surface water source close to the proposed project area, based on the water source function zoning, it shall be in accordance with Category IV of Surface Water Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002) . The monitoring was undertaken on February 2013 by Changping Environmental Protection Bureau, which is shown in Table IV-2.

Table IV-2: Water quality of Dongsha River

Parameter pH DO (mg/L) CODMn COD

(mg/L) BOD5 (mg/L)

NH3-N (mg/L)

TN (mg/L)

TP (mg/L)

Data 7.08 3.9 7.3 34 17.3 10.4 12.5 2.15 Category 6-9 ≥3 ≤10 ≤30 ≤6 ≤1.5 ≤1.5 ≤0.3

23

IV Category

V 6-9 ≥2 ≤15 ≤40 ≤10 ≤2 ≤2 ≤0.4

77. Based on data shown above, COD, BOD5, NH3-N, TN and TP exceeded Category IV standard. The BOD5, NH3-N, TN and TP even exceeded Category V standard, which indicated that the surface water within project area is seriously polluted. The major pollution source is discharge of large amount of domestic wastewater from residential areas along Dongsha River, which will be connected to the Changping WRP in the future. 78. Groundwater quality baseline. Groundwater quality data from April to May 2013 at Huazhuang WWTP, Xishatun Village and Dongshatun Village was collected from Changping Water Affair Bureau (Table IV-3).

Table IV-3: Groundwater quality in areas nearby (Unit: mg/L, Total Coliform: CFU/L)

Sample ID Parameter

1# 2# 3# Standard

Huazhuang WTP

Xishantun Village

Dongshatun Village

Quality Standard for Groundwater (GB/T14848-93)

Category III Standard pH 7.66 7.8 7.7 6.5-8.5

Total Hardness 235 201 192 ≤450 NH3-N 0.044 - - ≤0.2 NO3-N 8.29 3.08 2.99 ≤20 NO2-N < 0.003 - - ≤0.02

Fluoride 0.23 0.4 0.6 ≤1.0 Sulfate 25 23.2 27.5 ≤250

Chloride < 10 14.2 12.3 ≤250 Cyanide < 0.004 < 0.002 < 0.002 0.05

Volatile Phenol 0.0013 < 0.002 < 0.002 0.002 Chromium-6 < 0.004 < 0.004 < 0.004 ≤0.05

Mercury < 0.00005 < 0.00001 < 0.00001 0.001 Copper < 0.01 < 0.008 < 0.008 1.0

Zinc < 0.02 0.045 0.063 1.0 Cadmium 0.001 < 0.005 < 0.005 0.01 Arsenic 0.00074 < 0.001 < 0.001 0.05 Lead 0.009 < 0.009 < 0.009 0.05

79. Based on data shown in the above table, the groundwater quality can satisfy the Category III standard of Groundwater Quality Standard (GB/T14848-93), which indicates groundwater in the proposed project area is not polluted. 80. Noise. Noise monitoring was conducted in the project surrounding area on May 17, 2014. Monitoring was conducted twice a day, once in the 10:00-11:00 in the day time and once in 23:00-24:00 at night. Monitoring was under weather condition with no rain, no snow, no storm, at wind speed less than 5m/s, which is the favorable meteorological condition for noise monitoring. Total of four (4) monitoring points were set up at the boundary of the project area (see Figure IV-5).

Table IV-4: Noise level at boundaries of Changping WRP (Unit: Leq[dB(A)])

Location Monitoring Location Day Night Result Standard Result Standard

1# North Boundary 52.8 55 42.8 45 2# East Boundary 51.0 55 42.5 45 3# South Boundary 50.5 55 42.3 45 4# West Boundary 53.4 55 43.5 45

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81. The table above shows that the monitoring results in 4 monitoring locations all complied with Class I standard of Noise Quality Standard (GB3096-2008).

Source: domestic EIA

Figure IV-5: Environmental monitoring locations

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V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

A. Positive Impacts and Environmental Benefits 82. Reduced water pollution. The project will improve the water quality of the project area by providing a wastewater treatment facility. It was estimated by the EIA institute that the reduction of CODcr, BOD5, ammonia, TN, TP and SS through the proper operation of the Changping Water Reclamation Plant will be 7082.5 tons per annum (t/a), 2949.5 t/a, 655.25 t/a, 749.02 t/a, 92.73 t/a and 3279.17 t/a respectively (see Table V-3). River downstream of the Water Reclamation Plant will be continuously discharged with high quality water. Oxygen restoration and self-cleaning will be enhanced, as a result, ecological environment at riverbanks and its adjacent environment will be restored and improved as well. Since direct discharge of wastewater into the water environment will be avoided after completion of the proposed project, shallow groundwater pollution will be prevented as well, which also has positive impact on the local ecological environment. 83. Reduced Air Pollution. The existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant does not have any odor collection and treatment devices. The proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) will share the odor collection and treatment devices with the Phase I. All of existing and future sludge treatment unit, pre-treatment unit and biological treatment unit will be equipped with enclosed odor ventilation collection system and then the odor pollutants will be delivered to the biological treatment facilities. 84. Water Conservation. The treated effluent will be discharged into Dongsha River and wetlands near the location of the treatment plant as recharge to the natural water system. With the development of outside water reuse pipelines, the effluent will be used for landscaping, road irrigation and toilet flushing, which can save the valuable water resources.

B. Screening and Scoping of Potential Impacts 85. Environmental Impacts Related to the Project. The potential impacts (positive and negative) and risks were screened during the EIA study process in order to (i) identify the relative significance of potential impacts from the activities of the proposed infrastructure; (ii) establish the scope of the assessment which assists in focusing on major, critical, and specific impacts; and (iii) enable flexibility in regard to consideration of new issues, such as those reflecting the requirements of both the PRC’s environmental laws, regulations and standards, and ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). 86. The major anticipated impacts caused by the proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant phase II during construction phase include: noise, air pollution (mainly fugitive dust); wastewater discharge, soil erosion; solid waste disposal; interference with traffic and municipal services, and occupational and community health and safety.

87. The major potential impacts of the proposed Changping Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) during operation phase include noise from pump stations, odor from wastewater treatment plant, accidental failure of Water Reclamation Plant with impacts on rivers and groundwater, occupational health and safety related to wastewater treatment processes.

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88. According to the domestic EIA and site investigation, the proposed project is located in the planning area of Changping Water Reclamation Plant. Surrounding land uses are mainly green area, forest, roads and Dongsha river wetland. Project is outside of surface water and groundwater protection zone. There is no cultural reservation zone or rare species protection zone within the project area. 89. Within the distance of 300m from the Changping Water Reclamation Plant, there is no hospital, school and residential area. The nearest residential area from the project area is Jiangtun Village, which is at 302m from the south boundary. In addition, the Jingmi water diversion canal is located at 110m from the north boundary of the project. Therefore, the environmental protection targets for the proposed project are Jingmi water diversion canal, Jiangtun village and the ecological environment of the vicinity of the project area.

Table V-1: Major environmental protection targets

No. Major

Environmental Impact

Major Environmental

Protection Target

Environmental Protection

Target Properties

Location and

Direction

Distance from the

boundary(m)

Applicable Standard

1 Surface water Jingmi water diversion canal

Surface water resources

North of Changping Water Reclamation Plant

110 m Category II

2 Air, noise Jiangtun Village

Village residence

South of Changping Water Reclamation Plant

302 m Class II

3 Ecology Vegetation, Wetland, etc.

Ecological Environment

Project and its surrounding area -

Note: 1) There is no noise sensitive receiver within the 200m from project boundary. 90. The following sections describe the adverse environmental impacts in detail. Construction and operational phase impacts are considered separately.

C. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Construction

1) Noise

91. A significant increase in noise is expected during construction, due to various construction and transportation activities. However, the noise impacts will be temporary and localized. Noise prediction and necessary mitigation measures are discussed. 92. Prediction model for noise during construction. Construction equipment noise source is considered as a point sound source, the following predictive model is used to forecast the noise level in line with Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Acoustic Environment (HJ2.4-2009).

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Where: 𝐿𝑖and 𝐿0 are equipment noise level at 𝑅𝑖 and 𝑅0 respectively, dB (A); is additional diffusion attenuation caused by barriers, vegetation, air and

earth, dB(A); 93. Prediction results. The noise during construction will be mainly from loaders, bulldozers, excavators and tamping machines. Noise levels at different distance caused by construction machineries without considering any barriers are predicted as shown in Table V-2.

Table V-2: Noise from construction machineries at different distance

Noise strength

Noise at different distance (Unit: dB (A))

5m 10m 15m 20m 25m 30m 35m 40m 45m 50m 75 62 55 52 49 47 46 44 43 42 41 80 67 61 57 54 32 51 49 48 47 46 85 72 65 62 59 57 56 54 53 52 51 90 77 71 67 64 62 61 59 58 57 56 95 82 75 72 69 67 66 64 63 62 61 Source: DEIA 94. According to PRC “Standard of Noise Limits for Construction Site” (GB12523-2011), the noise limits are 70 dB (A) during daytime and 55 dB (A) during nighttime. As indicated in the table V-2, the noise level can satisfy the standard at 10m if the noise source not exceeding 75 dB (A). If noise source is stronger than 75dB(A), the machine will be arranged as far as possible to the sensitive receptors. In the case that the machine cannot be moved, barriers will be installed. 95. There is no residential area, hospital or school within 200m from the construction site. The nearest village, Jiangtun Village is 302m away so that the noise impact will not be significant to the residents. 96. Mitigation of noise impact. The following mitigation measures will be implemented to meet the PRC construction site noise limits and to protect sensitive receptors: • Develop proper construction schedule: equipment with high noise shall be avoided for

being used simultaneously as practical as possible, projects which is close to environmental sensitive sites such as residential area shall stop construction at night.

• Properly arrange construction site: avoid using multiple power equipment at the same location to prevent exceeding noise standard level.

• Reduce noise level of the equipment: Low noise equipment shall be chosen as practical as possible; locations shall be fixed for earth excavation equipment and transportation machinery; noise shall be reduced by exhaust pipe and muffler and insulating the vibration part of the engine; idle equipment shall be closed immediately; speed of transportation vehicles shall be reduced and horning noise shall be reduced while entering the site.

• Reduce man-made noise: education shall be provided for construction workers for civilized construction, construction materials shall be transported by crane or manually, throwing down from vehicles is not allowed, loud noise should be avoided when piling up steel materials.

• Establish temporary noise barrier: machinery with relatively fixed location shall be operated in a shed as practical as possible, otherwise, single side sound barrier can

28

be established properly (noise reduction shall be equal to or large than 8dB(A)). • Reduce impact of vehicle transportation noise: avoid transportation at night as

practical as possible, reduce speed for large transportation as possible, especially when entering into environmental sensitive area, horning shall be reduced or completely avoided.

• Besides the noise reduction practices listed above, parties which may be affected by construction shall be informed prior to construction. During construction, they shall be informed with construction progress and noise reduction practices, certain compensation shall be provided to those parties which are under significant impact.

2) Air

97. Anticipated sources of air pollution from construction activities include: (i) dust through blasting, excavation, moving equipment, traffic on unsealed roadways, loading and unloading operations, stockpile stacking and land reclamation operations; (ii) emission from construction vehicles (PM2.5, gaseous CO and NO2) and heavy diesel machineries and equipment. 98. A series of mitigation measures are defined to reduce air pollutant emissions in response to Regulation on Air Pollution Control of Beijing, Management Procedures for Greening Construction of Beijing, Clean Air Action Plan (2013-2017, Beijing) and Emergency Plan during Heavy Air Pollution in Beijing (provisional) (No.24, 2012), including: • Set fence at the construction site before construction and maintain the fence in good

condition; • Disclose the contacts (including site engineer, environmental supervisor, telephone

number etc.) and dust control measures at the entrance of the site; • Harden the access road and materials stacking area and maintain the road in good

condition; • Cover the construction materials during temporary stacking and transport to avoid

spillage and dust; • No earthwork, demolition and other construction activities during strong windy days; • Arrange vehicle cleaning facilities with provision of supporting drainage and mud

sedimentation facilities and install video surveillance system at the site entrance; • No mud and construction waste on the site access road and within 100m of the

entrance; • Spray water on construction site and roads to reduce dust from earthwork excavation,

transport, loading and uploading and stacking; • Maintain vehicles and construction machineries to a high standard to ensure efficient

running and fuel-burning; • On-site mixing concrete is not allowed; • When demolition of old structures, watering should be ready to reduce dust. The

demolished construction waste should be removed within three (3) days once the demolition is completed.

3) Water

99. The proposed works are located within the existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant. The construction wastewater containing certain grease and suspended particles will be pre-treated through on-site sedimentation tank and then flow into the existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant for further treatment. The municipal wastewater contains large amount of organic pollutant and suspended particles will be collected by the sewer in the Water Reclamation Plant and then sent

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to the existing wastewater treatment system of Changping Water Reclamation Plant. The peak work force is estimated as 80. The daily wastewater that will be discharged from labor camps will be 3.84m3/d. 100. Groundwater in the project’s area is about at depth of 10m. No major impacts on groundwater resources are anticipated in either the construction or operation phases of the project. 4) Solid Waste

101. Construction solid waste. The construction solid waste includes debris, sand, stones, broken brick, wood waste, scrap metal, scrap steel and other debris. The excavated earth is estimated as 41,200m3. The filling earth is 26,600m3 so that the surplus earth is 14,600m3. The construction solid waste and surplus earth will be transported to Asuwei Landfill which is 11km away from the Changping WRP if cannot be reused. The transport vehicles need to follow a specified route and time and should be covered by tarpaulin to prevent spillage. 102. Municipal solid waste from workers’ camp. During construction the workers will generate an average of 1kg/d per worker of garbage in construction camps. If not promptly removed, the garbage will breed mosquitoes, producing unfavorable smell and the spread of disease. The contractor needs to provide appropriate number of garbage bins at suitable location. The municipal solid waste will be delivered to landfill site by the sanitation agency regularly. 5) Soil Erosion

103. The proposed site is 8ha.The natural soil erosion in the proposed site is 47.97 tons. The disturbance by the construction activities of the project will cause additional 139.31tons soil erosion. The estimated total soil erosion amount will be 187.28 tons. The following measures are required: • Use settling ponds, silt fences and screens to prevent sediment transport; • Strip and stockpile topsoil, and cover or seed temporary soil stockpiles; • Graded soil must be separately stockpiled from other materials and be readily

recoverable for reinstatement; • Limit construction and material handling during periods of rains and high winds; • Properly re-vegetate disturbed surfaces; • Appropriately set up temporary construction camps and storage areas to minimize

the land area required and impact on soil erosion. • Geotexiles, plastic covers, erosion control blankets and mats shall be used to

stabilize and protect soil from erosion by wind or water.

6) Impacts on Biological Resources

104. As established during environmental baseline assessment, the project site is in the reserved space within the existing Changping Water Reclamation Plant. The Dongsha River cannot sustain high biodiversity due to its polluted state. Flora to be affected in project area includes mostly common shrubs and weeds. Although local environment will be adversely affected, it is temporary and localized. Greening measures will also be taken for the spoil sites. Contractors will be required to implement the following measures within the project area:

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• Protect existing vegetation near construction sites; • Replant trees and re-vegetate the project area immediately after construction; • Only native plant species of local prevalence will be used for re-vegetation.

7) Impacts on Socio-economic Resources

105. Impact on physical cultural resources. No cultural heritage or archaeological sites are recorded within the project area.

106. Risks to public utilities and community health and safety. Traffic congestion may worsen as construction traffic in project area increases, causing temporary inconvenience to residents, commercial operations, and institutions. Some construction sites will be located close to residential communities, presenting a threat to public health and safety. The construction activities may also contribute to road accidents through the use of heavy machinery on existing roads. Construction may cause unexpected interruptions in municipal services and utilities because of damage to pipelines for water supply, drainage, and gas supply, as well as to underground power cables and communication cables (including optical fiber cables). 107. The contractors will implement the following measures:

(i) Temporary traffic management. A traffic control and operation plan will be prepared before construction. The plan will include provisions for regulating traffic at road crossings, selecting transport routes to reduce disturbance to regular traffic, reinstating roads, and opening them to traffic as soon as the construction is completed;

(ii) Underground facilities protection. An assessment of underground facilities shall be conducted before construction;

(iii) Information disclosure, construction sites protection. Residents, businesses and industries will be informed in advance of the construction activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption. Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the public, warning people against potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations and raising awareness on safety issues. Heavy machinery will not be used at night. All sites will be secured, disabling access by the public through appropriate fencing whenever appropriate.

108. Risks to occupational health and safety. Construction industry is considered to be one of the most hazardous industries. Intensive use of heavy construction machinery, tools, and materials present physical hazards including noise and vibration, dust, handling heavy materials and equipment, falling objects, work on slippery surfaces, fire hazards, chemical hazards such as toxic fumes and vapors. 109. Measures to ensure adequate occupational health and safety. Contractors will implement adequate precautions to protect the health and safety of their construction workers. The occupational health and safety risks will be managed by applying measures in the following order of preference: avoiding, controlling, minimizing hazards, and providing adequate protective equipment. The contractors will undertake the following activities:

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(a) Clean water. Provide a clean and sufficient supply of fresh water for construction sites and for all camps, offices and workshops;

(b) Sewage and wastewater. Provide an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at construction sites and work camps, and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state;

(c) Solid waste. Garbage receptacles at construction sites and camps will be set up, which will be periodically cleared to prevent outbreak of diseases;

(d) Personal protection. Provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) that is fit for the task to prevent injury and maintain hygiene standards. Workers should be trained in the correct selection, use and maintenance of PPE.

(e) Emergency preparedness and response. An emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies will be prepared, including environmental and public health emergencies associated with hazardous material spills and similar events. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp will be organized;

(f) Records management. A records management system that will store and maintain easily retrievable records against loss or damage will be established. It will include documenting and reporting of occupational accidents, diseases, and incidents. The records will be reviewed during compliance monitoring and audits;

(g) Safety communication. Ensure that occupational health and safety matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly on each construction site. Posters will be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the site; and

(h) Training, awareness and competence. Train all construction workers in basic sanitation, general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work. Implement site HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases awareness and prevention program to target the local community and construction workers.

110. Other Social Issues. No other social risks and/or vulnerability are anticipated as a result of the project. Prevention and control of transmissible diseases and HIV/AIDS, and community disturbance training and sensitization will be provided to the contractors, as well as drug and human trafficking education will be provided to the local communities, ensured in the loan assurances and monitored in the social action plans. Core labor standards will be implemented. Civil works contracts will stipulate priorities to (i) employ local people for works, (ii) ensure equal opportunities for women and men; (iii) pay equal wages for work of equal value, and pay women’s wages directly to them; and (iv) not employ child or forced labor.

D. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Operations

1) Water

111. The Water Reclamation Plant (Phase II) is designed to produce high quality treated effluent. The discharge quality will meet the B standard of DB11/890-2012, GB/T18921-2002 and GB18920-2002. About 3191m3/d will be discharged into Dongsha River and adjacent wetland as recharging water. The remains will be used for landscaping, road irrigation and toilet flushing. Table V-3 also quantifies total

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pollution reduction through wastewater treatment and reuse. The pollution removed is simply calculated from: (designed influent concentration-designed effluent concentration)*water amount reused (excluding the effluent discharging into Dongsha River) assuming the WRP runs 365 days per year.

Table V-3: Design Inflow and Effluent Standards

Pollutant CODcr BOD5 SS NH3-N TN TP

Inflow quantity 30,000 m3/d

Design inflow quality (mg/L) 650 270 300 60 70 8.5

Design effluent quality (mg/L) ≤30 ≤6 ≤5 ≤1.5 15 ≤0.3

Discharging 3191m3/d to Dongsha River Total pollution load (t/a) 7117.50 2956.50 3285.00 657.00 766.50 93.08

Pollution removal (t/a) 7082.5 2949.5 3279.17 655.25 749.02 92.73 Source: Domestic EIA report

112. Clay layer (50cm thick) and HDPE (2mm) geomembrane will be laid under the sewer and structures where may have the risk of seepage (see Fig. III-3) so that the potential of pollution to groundwater is limited. 2) Solid Waste

113. The solid wastes during operation of Water Reclamation Plant include screenings, grits, sludge and domestic solid wastes generated by the working staff. The solid waste amounts are estimated as shown in Table V-4V-4.

Table V-4: Solid waste produced during operation and mitigation measures Solid Wastes From Description Amount (t/a ) Disposal

Screenings Screen Plastic, glass, 547 Landfill Grits grit chamber Sand 328.5 Landfill

Sludge Thickening and dewatering

Dewatered sludge

2737.5(water content 60%)

Beijing Cement Plant

Hazardous waste

Laboratory Hazardous chemicals

0.05 Beijing Jinyu Hongshulin

Environmental Protection Technology

Company Municipal solid

waste Operations Municipal solid

waste 8.76 Landfill

Source: Domestic EIA report

114. Beijing Cement Plant is located in the Mazhikou Town 16km away from Changping Water Reclamation Plant with sludge treatment capacity of 170,000 t/a, which has adequate capacity to receive the sludge produced by the proposed project. Beijing Jinyu Hongshulin Environmental Protection Technology Company is the largest industrial solid waste treatment company in Beijing with annual capacity of 100,000 tones. 3) Noise

115. Noise during operation of the plant is mainly from various pumps and air compressors. The noise source strength of each equipment is given in Table V-5. All the devices in the table below will be installed indoor or under water. Acoustic panels and vibration mitigated devices will be installed in the equipment room. After

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attenuation by the wall and noise control facilities, the noise observed outdoor can be reduced to 40dB (A) or less.

Table V-5: Noise strength of the mechanical equipment used in proposed WRP

No. Source Equipment Strength (dB(A)

1 Blower room Blower 80

2 Sludge pumping room Return sludge pump 75

3 Residual sludge pump 65

4 Sludge dewatering Dewatering machine 75

5 Water flushing pump 60

6 Sludge pump 65 Source: Domestic EIA report

116. The noise from equipment could be regarded as point source. The following predictive model is used to forecast the noise level in line with Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Acoustic Environment (HJ2.4-2009).

Where: 𝐿𝑖 and 𝐿0 are equipment noise level at 𝑅𝑖 and 𝑅0 respectively, dB (A);

117. The following are the predicted noise levels at plant boundary from domestic EIA report. The noise emissions can satisfy the Noise Standards at the Boundary of Industries and Enterprises (GB 12348-2008). However, the acoustic environment will be jointly affected by WRP Phase I and Phase II. The integrated noise level is calculated by:

Where: Li is the noise level of each source; n is the number of noise sources; L is the cumulative noise.

118. It can be seen from the predicted results that considering the cumulative noise caused by Phase I and Phase II at south and western boundary is a little higher than the Acoustics Ambient Quality Standard (GB3096-2008). However, the prediction model does not consider the additional diffusion attenuation by vegetation, structures, air and earth along the way. The spare space in the WRP will be greened. With attenuation by vegetation, air and earth, the noise level at boundaries can meet with the Acoustics Ambient Quality Standard (GB3096-2008). Table V-6: Noise Levels Predicted During Operation of Water Reclamation Plant (dB(A))

Noise source

strength

Distance (m)

Contribution value

Baseline Predicted sound level (forecast)

GB 12348-2008

Daytime Night Daytime Night North

boundary 40 250 0.00 52.8 42.8 52.8 42.8

Daytime 55 Night 45 East

boundary 40 99 0.00 51.0 42.5 51.0 42.5

South boundary

40 12.8 17.86 50.5 42.3 55.6 46.5

Western 40 6.3 24.01 53.4 43.5 58.7 47.9

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boundary Source: Domestic EIA report

119. There are no residential areas, hospital or school within 200m from the Water Reclamation Plant. Noise protection should be used by workers inside the Water Reclamation Plant near high noise sources. 4) Air Quality

120. The odor produced in the Water Reclamation Plant is mainly from coarse screen, lift pump room, fine screen, grit chamber and sludge treatment. The major pollutants of odor are NH3 and H2S. The screen chamber, aerated grit chamber and distribution chamber will be covered. Microbiological treatment will be used. The removal rate is estimated as 95%. It is forecast through the SCREEN3 model recommended Technical Guideline on EIA Regarding Atmospheric Environment (HJ2.2-2008) that the maximum ground concentrations (NH3: 2.730 μg/m3; H2S: 0.0846 μg/m3) are at 247m downwind from the funnel, where there is no sensitive receiver and can satisfy the discharge standards (NH3: 0.15mg/m3, H2S: 0.06mg/m3). 5) Risks of Accidental Discharge, Overload and Emergency Preparedness 121. If power outage of Water Reclamation Plant cannot be restored in time, or the fault of major power equipment causes temporary shut-down, it will result in direct discharge of raw wastewater into Dongsha River, causing adverse impact on river water quality, and deterioration of its water pollution situation. Therefore, the following practices shall be implemented for the proposed project: • Dual power supply system shall be used; each power supply shall be able to handle

the loading of low pressure system. • Standby equipment shall be designed for all major power equipment, in case of fault,

standby equipment can be turned on to reduce accidental discharge events. • Daily maintenance management shall be enhanced, maintenance for major power

equipment shall be emphasized, and immediate restoration shall be available in case of fault.

6) Total emissions

122. Based on the anticipated treatment performance of the Water Reclamation Plant and the proposed mitigation measures (including odor control, wastewater reuse, noise control), residual pollutant emissions have been estimated in the domestic EIA, as presented in Table V-7 below.

Table V-7: Predicted Emissions from Water Reclamation Plant during Operation Type Emission Source Pollutant Emission Before

Treatment Residual Emission

Air Pollutants Odor from Sewage

Nitrogen 3.676mg/m3, 1.9t/a

0.3676mg/m3, 0.19t/a

H2S 0.141mg/m3, 0.073t/a

0.0141mg/m3, 0.0073t/a

Canteen Cooking Fume

Cooking Fume 3.9mg/m3, 3.504t/a

1.56mg/m3, 1.402t/a

Water Pollutants Wastewater collected from Sewer Basin

BOD5 270mg/L, 2956.5t/a

6mg/L, 7t/a CODcr 650mg/L, 30mg/L, 35t/a

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7117.5t/a SS 300mg/L, 3285t/a 5mg/L, 5.83t/a NH3-N 60mg/L, 657t/a 1.5(2.5)mg/L,

1.75t/a TN 70mg/L, 766.5t/a 15mg/L, 17.48t/a TP 8.5mg/L, 93.08t/a 0.3mg/L, 0.35t/a

Solid Pollutants Industrial Waste Sediment 547t/a 547t/a Grit 328.5t/a 328.5t/a Dewatered Sludge 2737.5t/a 2737.5t/a Chemical Waste 0.05t/a 0.05t/a

Domestic Waste Domestic Waste 8.76t/a 8.76t/a Noise Noise is mainly from wastewater pump station, sludge return pump, sludge

dewatering equipment and blower and aeration equipment, noise level is ranged at 60-90dB (A); equipment with low noise emission is used, sound barrier, sound adsorption, equipment foundation dumper are also used, after sound insulation by building walls and water, and distance attenuation, noise emission from the plant meet standard requirements.

Source: Domestic EIA report

7) Occupational Health and Safety

123. Water Reclamation Plant operators may be injured by slips, trips and falls on wet floors; by falls into treatment ponds, pits, clarifiers or vats and by splashes of hazardous liquids; they may suffer cuts and pricks from sharp tools, as well as contusions. They are exposed to hazards related to work in confined spaces. The following measures will be implemented to safeguard their safety and health: • use safety shoes or boots with non-slip soles; • wear personal protective equipment and chemical resistant clothing to avoid

exposure of skin or eyes to corrosive and/or polluted solids, liquids, gases or vapors; • post safety instructions in each workshop regarding the storage, transport, handling

or pouring of chemicals; • check electrical equipment for safety before use; verify that all electric cables are

properly insulated; take faulty or suspect electrical equipment to a qualified electricity technician for testing and repair;

• wear safety goggles in all cases where the eyes may be exposed to dust, flying particles, or splashes of harmful liquids;

• wear respiratory mask in the sludge dewatering and de-odor workshops and when moving and transporting sludge;

• obey all safety instructions concerning entry into confined spaces, e.g., check atmosphere for oxygen or for poisonous gases, use respiratory protection equipment if needed, have a co-worker stand guard in case of need for help;

• all workers will undergo periodic examinations by occupational physician to reveal early symptoms of possible chronic effects or allergies; and

• Health and safety will be incorporated into the regular staff training programs.

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VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES

124. Alternatives have been proposed, screened against technical, economic, energy efficiency, as well as environmental criteria. In terms of the environmental consideration for the alternatives, the primary objective was to identify and adopt options with the least adverse environmental impacts and maximum environmental benefits.

A. No-Project Alternatives

125. Without the proposed wastewater treatment system, large volume of wastewater would be continuously discharged into adjacent surface water bodies, resulting in continued pollution of groundwater, surface water and soil, and deterioration of the river ecosystem. As the current conditions described in Chapter III and project benefits described in Section A of Chapter V, the proposed works will contribute to water and air pollution control and water conservation.

B. Alternatives for Treatment Process

126. Three secondary treatment processes were evaluated: 1) Membrane Bioreactor (MBR); 2) AAO and Deep-bed filtration process; and 3) AAO with Biological filtration and Filter cloth filtration process. The details are given in Table VI-1. Considering the limited land available and operation cost, alternative 2, i.e. AAO and Deep-bed filtration process is selected. 127. Odor control. For wastewater odor control, the DI (Design Institute) examined the methods for odor control including (i) water cleaning and chemical cleaning; (ii) activated carbon adsorption; (iii) microbiological deodorization method; (iv) ozone oxidation; (v) soil deodorization; and (vi) combustion. The DI selected the microbial deodorization processes as the most cost-effective. If additional deodorization is needed, then an activated carbon absorption tower can be added. A summary of alternative is presented in Table VI-2.

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Table VI-1: Comparison of technical characteristics of three treatment process alternatives Alternatives Advantages Disadvantages Alternative 1 MBR process

MBR treatment has relatively short process and requires less building structures and less floor area, layout of MBR can be underground, cost can be reduced due to the savings on backfilling; the mixed liquor concentration in MBR biological basin is higher than conventional activated sludge basin, wastewater treatment efficiency can be partially increased, or basin volume can be reduced based on the same removal efficiency; effluent has the highest quality;

Membrane components are directly placed in mixed liquor, air rinse operation and suction pump need to be in place to provide head, thus, power cost is relatively high; membrane has relatively shore use life and need to be replaced periodically, causing increase of O&M cost; investment cost is relatively high; tolerance is relatively low for water impact loading, safety factor is relatively low for operation, potential environment impact is relatively high;

Alternative 2 AAO + Deep-bed filtration process

Adapt to water quality and quantity changes, high tolerance to water impact loading, operation results are reliable; AAO process is relatively mature and has rich experiences; AAO uses multiple inlets, operation is relatively flexible; effluent quality is optional, in case tertiary treatment is stopped, which has small impact on water environment; floor area is relatively small; backwash requires relatively small volume ranging at 2-3%; inflow direction is downward, solids are easy to be removed by gravels or backwash, since the layer underneath is filter brick, it is not easy to be clogged; less building structure is required, management is more convenient; filter materials have relatively low height which is commonly 1.83m;

Floor area required is larger than MBR, yet small than Alternative 3; Process is relatively long, building structures are relatively more, construction cost is relatively high; layout above ground appears to be disorder, which is unfavorable for landscaping layout; head loss is in the medium range, which is generally 3.8m; noise level is relatively high during operation;

Alternative 3 AAO + Biological filtration + Filter cloth filtration process

Adapt to water quality and quantity changes, high tolerance to water impact loading, operation results are reliable; AAO process is relatively mature and has rich experiences; AAO uses multiple inlets, operation is relatively flexible; effluent quality is optional, in case tertiary treatment is stopped, which has small impact on water environment; filtration speed is high, single biological filtration has relatively small floor area; operation examples are available; separate layout are used for denitrification filtration basin and filter unit, wastewater is treated by two filtration processes, SS removal is relatively high; head loss is in the medium range, which is at 3.7m;

Floor area required is the largest; Process is long and requires more building structures; layout above ground appears to be disorder, which is unfavorable for landscaping layout; management is more complex due to more buildings; individual filtration capability cannot be stably achieved due to the cloth filtration process; larger backwash volume is required which accounts for 10% of influent for biological filtration basin and 3% of influent for filter cloth filtration process; influent direction is upward, due to effluent is Class II, which is not as clean as water supply plant, long handle filter underneath is easy to be clogged and hard to be cleaned out; the thickness of denitrification filtration material is generally at 2.5m;

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Table VI-2: Comparison of Odor Control Alternatives

Alternatives Chemical Addition Activated Carbon Absorption

Microbiological deodorization

Ozone Oxidation Soil deodorization Combustion

Characteristics For medium and high odor concentration; removal effect is stable; suitable for large and medium air volume; chemical causes secondary pollution, which is relatively complicated for management.

For medium and low odor concentration; removal effect is stable; suitable for various air volume; operation management is relatively convenient, cost is high.

For low to high odor concentration; removal effect is good; suitable for low, medium and high air volume; simple operation and low cost, less floor area; cultivation is needed for microbes, which is easily affected by temperature.

For medium air volume and low odor concentration; removal efficiency is relatively low; ozone decomposer is needed, construction cost is high.

For small air volume and low odor concentration; requires large floor area, construction cost is low; due to it is biological treatment, spraying water is needed; regular ploughing is needed to prevent pressure lost and short circuit caused by soil compaction.

For high odor concentration; secondary pollution is existed; requires large floor area, construction and operation cost is high.

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VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION

A. Legislative Framework for Public Consultation and Information Disclosure

128. Relevant provisions in the Environmental Protection Law of PRC and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection (Order of the State Council, No. 253) require that domestic environmental impact assessments shall solicit the opinions of units concerned and inhabitants of a proposed project construction site. The PRC National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) issued a requirement for “Social Risk Assessment of Large Investment Projects”. 129. In August 2012, which emphasizes the importance of public consultation in an effective manner, and requires that the results of public consultation are clearly summarized in the domestic safeguards reports, including the dates of consultations, number of stakeholders, who the stakeholders are, and the comments received. 130. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) also has detailed and strict requirements on meaningful participation, consultation and information disclosure. The consultation process for this project therefore followed both the PRC requirements and the ADB requirements. 131. In line with ADB’s SPS and Public Communications Policy, BEWG commit that its subproject companies will make relevant information (whether positive or negative) about social and environmental safeguard issues available in a timely manner, in an accessible place, and in a form and language(s) understandable to affected people and to other stakeholders, including the general public and civil society organizations, so they can provide meaningful inputs into project design and implementation.

B. Information Disclosure and Public Consultation to Date

132. The information of the proposed project was disclosed on the website of Changping Water Affairs Bureau since 14th July 2014, including the full report of the draft DEIA, contact details of the BEWG and the EIA institute to solicit public comments on the preliminary findings of the EIA (http://cpswj.bjchp.gov.cn/tabid/1103/InfoID/293595/frtid/1849/Default.aspx) (see Fig. VII-1). 133. In addition, the full DEIA report was disclosed on the website of Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau (BEPB) on 22nd August 2014 (http://58.30.229.125/cpout/showout/ProjViewManageTypeAccept.aspx?county=1&ProjId=dbc4dd3f-fae5-4b3e-9e63-3b8e86271227143&title=0) (Fig. VII-2). Contact information (address, fax, telephone number of the BEPB and BEWG) was provided on the website. The public was invited to provide feedback to BEPB within five (5) working days after disclosure. 134. During information disclosure on Changping Water Affairs Bureau and BEPB websites, the EIA institute, BEWG and BEPB did not receive any written or oral feedbacks or objections from public.

http://cpswj.bjchp.gov.cn/tabid/1103/InfoID/293595/frtid/1849/Default.aspx

http://58.30.229.125/cpout/showout/ProjViewManageTypeAccept.aspx?county=1&ProjId=dbc4dd3f-fae5-4b3e-9e63-3b8e86271227143&title=0



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Figure VII-1: Information disclosure on Changping Water Affairs Bureau

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Figure VII-2: Information disclosure by Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau 135. A total of 30 questionnaires were distributed by BEWG to 30 affected persons (APs) living/working in Jiangtun Village on the end of November 2014. Jiangtun Village is the nearest residential area in 302m south of Changping WRP (see Fig. IV-2). The respondents were from different age groups and educational backgrounds (Table VII-1). Of these, 30 questionnaires were returned with a return rate of 100%. The survey result is summarized in 136. Table VII-1: Background Information of Questionnaire Respondents APs Consulted Basic Information of the Consulted APs No. of

Respondents Percentage

Age Group ＜30 10 33.3% 30 - 45 13 43.3% ≥46 5 16.7% unknown 2 7%

Educational Background

Secondary and below

5 16.7%

High school and College

15 50%

College degree or above

9 30%

unknown 1 3% Source: BEWG, Consultant

137. Table VII-2.

Table VII-1: Background Information of Questionnaire Respondents APs Consulted Basic Information of the Consulted APs No. of

Respondents Percentage

Age Group ＜30 10 33.3% 30 - 45 13 43.3% ≥46 5 16.7% unknown 2 7%

Educational Background

Secondary and below

5 16.7%

High school and College

15 50%

College degree or above

9 30%

unknown 1 3% Source: BEWG, Consultant

Table VII-2: Results of Questionnaire Survey No. Question Options No. of

Respondents Percentage ( % )

1 How long have you lived here?

<10 years 12 40.0 10-25 years 16 53.3 >25 years 2 6.7

2 Did you hear about this project before this consultation?

Yes 25 83.3 Don’t know much about it

5 16.7

Never notified 0 0

3 Which of the following will be major environmental issues you are concerning

Noise 7 23.3 Construction solid waste

13 43.3

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most during construction? Construction wastewater

3 10.0

Dust 6 20.0 Erosion 1 3.3

4 Which of the following will be major environmental issues you are concerning most during operation?

Water pollution 5 16.7 Air pollution 11 36.7 Noise 2 6.7 Solid waste and sludge

3 10.0

Landscaping and greening

9 30.0

5 Do you think this project will be helpful to improve the local water environment?

Significant improvement

23 76.7

Certain improvement

6 20.0

Small improvement 1 3.3 No impact 0 0.0 Negative impact 0 0.0

6 If all the mitigation measures are implemented effectively, what is your attitude towards the project?

Strongly support 24 80.0 Support 6 20.0 Don’t mind 0 0.0 Not support 0 0.0

7 Do you have any other comments towards the proposed project?

No comment 30 100.0 Comment (specify) None

Source: BEWG, Consultant

138. If the mitigation measures are effectively implemented, all of the consulted APs support the project. Major concerns raised by the public include: (i) solid waste during construction (43.3%); (ii) air pollution during operation (36.7%). 76.7% of the consulted APs believed the project will significant improve local water environment.

C. Future Information Disclosure and Public Consultation Program

139. Information disclosure and public consultation relating to environment safeguard will continue throughout the project implementation. The project’s environmental information will be disclosed by the local EPB and ADB as follows: • The BEPB will undertake second round disclosure before approval of the project. The

information disclosed will include project information, major anticipated environmental impacts, mitigation measures, results of public consultation, contacts of BEPB and BEWG. The public and stakeholders enjoy the rights to request hearing meetings per responding to the proposed approval within five(5) working days;

• The final approval of DEIA will be disclosed on the website of BEPB (http://www.bjepb.gov.cn).

• The project IEE will be disclosed on the project website at www. adb.org; • All annual environmental and social monitoring reports of BEWG will be available at

www. adb.org.

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VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM 140. BEWG will establish a grievance redress mechanism (GRM) on site for handling environmental and social complaints, including complaint recording, consultation, issue investigation, mitigation action, follow-up, general timeframe for resolution and delegation of responsibilities. The GRM will address any possible concerns and dissatisfaction of affected groups regarding the social and environmental impact of its subprojects, and seek a proper solution. It should be able to promptly respond to the affected groups, be transparent and free of gender discrimination, and adapt to the cultural traditions of the affected groups and communities. Moreover, it should enable different affected groups to express their opinions, with no fear of reprisal. The E&S General Manager will be responsible for (i) resolving appeals, complaints, and disputes concerning the environmental and social impacts of subprojects which have not been resolved by the plant managers at the subproject level, and (ii) for coordinating, guiding and supervising the subproject companies in handling appeals, complaints, and disputes. 141. The basic grievance procedures include the following steps. Stage 1. If any affected person (AP) is aggrieved by any aspect of the land acquisition

and resettlement, he/she can state his/her grievance and appeal to the village committee either in oral or in written form. If an oral appeal is made, the village will record it on paper and process it. Village committee will make decision on or resolve it in two weeks. The AP will be informed of the result via written notice.

Stage 2. If the aggrieved AP is not satisfied with the decision in Stage 1, he/she can appeal to the subproject local office after receiving the decision; the subproject local office will reach a decision in two weeks. The AP will be informed of the result via written notice.

Stage 3. If the aggrieved AP is still not satisfied with the decision of BEWG subproject local office, he/she will appeal to the BEWG E&S General Manager and/or relevant municipal land resources bureau (LRB) after receiving the decision. BEWG E&S General Manager and/or municipal LRB will reach a decision in two weeks. The AP will be informed of the result via written notice.

Stage 4. If the aggrieved AP is still unsatisfied with the decision of BEWG E&S General Manager or LRB, he/she will appeal to the provincial LRB after receiving the decision. The provincial LRB will reach a decision in two weeks. The AP will be informed of the result via written notice.

Stage 5. If the AP is still dissatisfied with the decision of the provincial LRB, he/she will appeal to the civil division of a people’s court according to the civil procedural law after receiving the decision from the provincial LRB. The AP will be informed of the result via written notice.

142. Alternatively, the aggrieved person(s) may submit a complaint to the ADB’s Project Team to try to resolve the problem. If good faith efforts are still unsuccessful, they may submit their complaint to ADB's Accountability Mechanism (2012).5 143. The project company will inform the local community and the affected people of the grievance and appeal procedure through public information meetings, the resettlement information brochure and other media, so that they can fully understand their rights for grievance and appeal. All complaints submitted and actions implemented will be properly documented and be included in the grievance register. 5 http://www.adb.org/Accountability-Mechanism/default.asp.

http://www.adb.org/Accountability-Mechanism/default.asp

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IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Objectives 144. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been prepared for the project. It is an essential document to ensure the implementation of mitigation measures. The EMP defines appropriate mitigation measures for the anticipated environmental impacts, and defines the institutional responsibilities and mechanisms to monitor and ensure the compliance with PRC’s environmental laws, standards and regulations, and ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS 2009). 145. EMP supervision and monitoring results will be used to evaluate (i) the extent and severity of actual environmental impacts against the predicted impacts, (ii) the performance of the environmental protection measures or compliance with related rules and regulations, (iii) trends of impacts, and (iv) overall effectiveness of the mitigation measures.

B. Organizations and Their Responsibilities for EMP Implementation 146. The E&S General Manager reports to BEWG’s senior management. The General Manager has oversight for environmental and social issues, ensures that resources are made available for environmental and social management, and should sign and submit the annual environmental and social performance report to ADB. S/he should ensure that ADB is notified if and when there is material environmental or social safeguards non-compliance. S/he should ensure that ADB is notified if and when the responsible staff has been changed or replaced with new staff. 147. At the corporate office, an E&S officer will assist the E&S General Manager in effective safeguards planning and implementation. During subprojects preparation and implementation period, the safeguards team at the corporate office will be responsible for the environment and social issues, and will prepare IEE, IPP, and RP, supervise the effective implementation of the EMP; coordinate periodic environmental and social impact monitoring according to the approved monitoring plan; coordinate the project level GRM; prepare annual environment progress reports and submit them to ADB; conduct public consultation and inspect implementation of mitigation measures. Implement the ESMS system at both the holding company and Project Company levels. 148. An E&S manager of Project Company is appointed to implement the environment and social safeguards at Project Company and prepare and submit the annual environment and social impact monitoring report to the E&S General Manager. 149. Construction contractors engaged by the Project Company will be responsible for implementing the mitigation measures during construction under supervision of the Project Company and Corporate office. In their bids, contractors will be required to respond to the environmental management requirements defined in the EMP. Each contractor will be required to develop site specific EMPs and will assign a person responsible for environment, construction site health and safety. After project completion, environmental management responsibilities will be handed over to the operator.

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C. Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures 150. Table IX-1 summarizes the potential impacts and environment safeguard issues of the sub-components during pre-construction, construction and operation as identified by the environmental impact assessments and set out in this IEE, as well as corresponding mitigation measures designated to minimize those impacts and address these issues.

Table IX-1: Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures during Design, Construction, and Operation Phases of the Project

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Item Impact Factor

Potential Impacts and Issues

Mitigation Measures and/or Safeguards Implementing Agency

Supervising Agency

Design Phase Design of Water Reclamation Plant

Air quality Odor from plant Water Reclamation Plant (WRP) design to include odor removal equipment

DI BEWG, Project Company

Treatment efficiency

Inadequate treatment for reuse

Technical design of the WRP must achieve the desired treatment to meet Class 1A standard and safety of plant operation, with dual power supply to avoid interruption to plant operation due to power failure, and with emergency storage tank


Noise Noise from plant Technical design of the WRP must be able to contain the operational noises from pumps, blowers and other noisy equipment with proper acoustic design of these facilities


Sludge disposal

Inadequate sludge processing

Ensure proper design of pretreatment facilities in tributary industries and proper sludge processing facilities to meet PRC sludge quality and moisture level standards


Suitable disposal arrangements

Ensure Beijing Cement Plant is ready to receive WRP sludge


Construction phase Impact on physical resources

Impact on soil Soil erosion Use settling ponds, silt fences and screens to prevent sediment transport;

Strip and stockpile topsoil, and cover or seed temporary soil stockpiles;

graded soil must be separately stockpiled from other materials and be readily recoverable for reinstatement;

Limit construction and material handling during periods of rains and high winds;

Properly re-vegetate disturbed surfaces; Appropriately set up temporary construction camps and

storage areas to minimize the land area required and impact on soil erosion.

Geotextiles, plastic covers, erosion control blankets and mats shall be used to stabilize and protect soil from erosion by wind or water.

Contractor CSC, BEWG, Project Company, local EPB

Impact on water quality

Surface and groundwater pollution caused by excessive siltation (soil erosion), accidental spills, construction wastewater disposal

Collect wastewater from construction activities in sedimentation tanks, retention ponds, and filter tanks to remove silts and oil;

Equip all areas where construction equipment is being washed with water collection basins and sediment traps;


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

Impact on air quality

dust Set fence at the construction site before construction and maintain the fence in good condition;

Disclose the contacts (including site engineer, environmental supervisor, telephone number etc.) and dust control measures at the entrance of the site;

Harden the access road and materials stacking area and maintain the road in good condition;

Cover the construction materials during temporary stacking and transport to avoid spillage and dust;

No earthwork, demolition and other construction activities during strong windy days;

Arrange vehicle cleaning facilities with provision of supporting drainage and mud sedimentation facilities and install video surveillance system at the site entrance;

No mud and construction waste on the site access road and within 100m of the entrance;

Spray water on construction site and roads to reduce dust from earthwork excavation, transport, loading and uploading and stacking;

Maintain vehicles and construction machineries to a high standard to ensure efficient running and fuel-burning;

On-site mixing concrete is not allowed; When demolition of old structures, watering should be

ready to reduce dust. The demolished construction waste should be removed within three (3) days once the demolition is completed.


Impact on acoustic environment

Increase of noise level Develop proper construction schedule: equipment with high noise shall be avoided for being used simultaneously as practical as possible, projects which is close to environmental sensitive sites such as residential area shall stop construction at night.

Properly arrange construction site: avoid using multiple power equipment at the same location to prevent exceeding noise standard level.

Reduce noise level of the equipment: Low noise equipment shall be chosen as practical as possible; locations shall be fixed for earth excavation equipment


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

and transportation machinery; noise shall be reduced by exhaust pipe and muffler and insulating the vibration part of the engine; idle equipment shall be closed immediately; speed of transportation vehicles shall be reduced and horning noise shall be reduced while entering the site.

Reduce man-made noise: education shall be provided for construction workers for civilized construction, construction materials shall be transported by crane or manually, throwing down from vehicles is not allowed, loud noise should be avoided when piling up steel materials.

Establish temporary noise barrier: machinery with relatively fixed location shall be operated in a shed as practical as possible, otherwise, single side sound barrier can be established properly (noise reduction shall be equal to or large than 8dB(A)).

Reduce impact of vehicle transportation noise: avoid transportation at night as practical as possible, reduce speed for large transportation as possible, especially when entering into environmental sensitive area, horning shall be reduced or avoided.

Besides the noise reduction practices listed above, parties which may be affected by construction shall be informed prior to construction. During construction, they shall be informed with construction progress and noise reduction practices, certain compensation shall be provided to those parties which are under significant impact.

Solid waste Municipal solid waste from

workers camps, construction solid waste

The construction solid waste and surplus earth will be transported to Asuwei Landfill if cannot be reused. The transport vehicles need to follow a specified route and time and should be covered by trap to prevent spill.

The contractor needs to provide appropriate number of garbage bins at suitable location. The municipal solid waste will be delivered to landfill site by the sanitation


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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

agency regularly. Impact on biological resources

Ecology

Damage to flora and fauna resources

Protect existing vegetation near construction sites; Replant trees and re-vegetate the project area

immediately after construction; Only native plant species of local prevalence will be used

for re-vegetation.


Impact on socio-economic resources

Physical cultural resources

Damage to unearthed cultural relics

Contractor must comply with PRC's Cultural Relics Protection Law and Cultural Relics Protection Law Implementation Regulations if such relics are discovered, stop work immediately and notify the relevant authorities, adopt protection measures and notify the Security Bureau to protect the site.

Contractor CSC, BEWG, Project Company, local Cultural Relics Bureau

Occupational health and safety

Safety of workers on construction sites

Clean water. Provide a clean and sufficient supply of fresh water for construction sites and for all camps, offices and workshops;

Sewage and wastewater. Provide an adequate number of latrines and other sanitary arrangements at construction sites and work camps, and ensure that they are cleaned and maintained in a hygienic state;

Solid waste. Garbage receptacles at construction sites and camps will be set up, which will be periodically cleared to prevent outbreak of diseases;

Personal protection. Provision of personal protective equipment (PPE) that is fit for the task to prevent injury and maintain hygiene standards. Workers should be trained in the correct selection, use and maintenance of PPE.

Emergency preparedness and response. An emergency response plan to take actions on accidents and emergencies will be prepared, including environmental and public health emergencies associated with hazardous material spills and similar events. A fully equipped first-aid base in each construction camp will be organized;

Records management. A records management system that will store and maintain easily retrievable records against loss or damage will be established. It will include documenting and reporting of occupational accidents,

Contractor CSC, BEWG, Project Company

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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

diseases, and incidents. The records will be reviewed during compliance monitoring and audits;

Safety communication. Ensure that occupational health and safety matters are given a high degree of publicity to all persons regularly or occasionally on each construction site. Posters will be displayed prominently in relevant areas of the site.

Training, awareness and competence. Train all construction workers in basic sanitation, general health and safety matters, and on the specific hazards of their work. Implement site HIV/AIDS and other communicable diseases awareness and prevention program to target the local community and construction workers.

Community health and safety

Temporary traffic management Information disclosure, construction site protection Utility services interruptions

A traffic control and operation plan will be prepared before construction. The plan will include provisions for regulating traffic at road crossings, selecting transport routes to reduce disturbance to regular traffic, reinstating roads, and opening them to traffic as soon as the construction is completed;

An assessment of underground facilities shall be conducted before construction;

Residents, businesses and industries will be informed in advance of the construction activities, given the dates and duration of expected disruption. Clear signs will be placed at construction sites in view of the public, warning people against potential dangers such as moving vehicles, hazardous materials, excavations etc., and raising awareness on safety issues. Heavy machinery will not be used at night. All sites will be secured, disabling access by the public through appropriate fencing whenever appropriate.

Contractor BEWG, Project Company, local EPB

Operation phase Impact on physical resources

Impact on water quality

Failure to operate the Water Reclamation Plant to meet design and discharge standards

Ensure proper O&M systems are in place and equipment in good working order and also ensure backup power system available;

Provide operational training to WRP staff.

Operator BEWG, Project Company, local EPB

Risks of accidental Dual power supply system shall be used; each power Operator BEWG, Project

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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

discharge, overload, emergency preparedness and response

supply shall be able to handle the loading of low pressure system.

Standby equipment shall be designed for all major power equipment, in case of fault, standby equipment can be turned on to reduce accidental discharge events.

Daily maintenance management shall be enhanced, maintenance for major power equipment shall be emphasized, and immediate restoration shall be available in case of fault.

Company, local EPB

Impact on air quality

Odor at Water Reclamation Plant

Ensure that the deodorization facilities are operating properly;


Solid waste Improper solid waste disposal

The screenings, grits and municipal solid wastes should be collected and transported by sanitation department timely.


Hazardous solid waste The hazardous waste generated from the chemicals and lab should be transported and disposal by certificated agency.


Sludge Improper sludge management

WRP sludge should be regularly tested for heavy metals and other hazardous constituents as well as moisture content; if the sludge is identified as hazardous waste sludge, it should be shipped to certificated hazardous waste disposal center; if no hazardous content, it should be used as materials for Beijing Cement Company.


Occupational and community health and safety

use safety shoes or boots with non-slip soles; wear personal protective equipment and chemical

resistant clothing to avoid exposure of skin or eyes to corrosive and/or polluted solids, liquids, gases or vapors;

post safety instructions in each workshop regarding the storage, transport, handling or pouring of chemicals;

check electrical equipment for safety before use; verify that all electric cables are properly insulated; take faulty or suspect electrical equipment to a qualified electricity technician for testing and repair;

wear safety goggles in all cases where the eyes may be exposed to dust, flying particles, or splashes of harmful liquids;

Operator BEWG, Project Company, local health and safety authority

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Item Impact Factor



Supervising Agency

wear respiratory mask in the sludge dewatering and de-odor workshops and when moving and transporting sludge;

obey all safety instructions concerning entry into confined spaces, e.g., check atmosphere for oxygen or for poisonous gases, use respiratory protection equipment if needed, have a co-worker stand guard in case of need for help;

all workers will undergo periodic examinations by occupational physician to reveal early symptoms of possible chronic effects or allergies; and

Health and safety will be incorporated into the regular staff training programs.

BEWG=Beijing Enterprises Water Group; CSC=construction supervision company; DI=design institute; EPB=environmental protection bureau;

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151. Those that will permanently become part of the infrastructure such as noise reduction materials for Water Reclamation Plant will need to be included in the design of the facility by the design institutes, otherwise they won’t be built. The costs of building and maintaining these systems is included in the infrastructure construction and operating costs and therefore are not being double-counted as part of the EMP costs. Those that are temporary measures particularly during the construction stage, such as dust suppression, use of quiet / low noise powered mechanical equipment will need to be included in the tender documents, otherwise they are not budgeted by the contractor and they won’t be done. The costs for implementing these measures are included in the EMP. The budgets for implementing these measures in this project add up to the amount of CNY 3,460,000.

Table IX-2: Environmental Mitigation Measures Implementation Cost Estimates

Item Aspects Mitigation Measures Cost Estimate (Unit: 10,000 CNY)

During Construction

Air Cleaning, spraying and management

11

Water Sedimentation tank 5 Noise Barrier, fence 10 Solid waste

Collection and storage 5

Greening Landscape greening 15 During Operation

Air Odor removal and treatment 80 Cover of tanks 10

Water Sewer within the WRP and seepage control

70

Noise Noise insulation and absorption facilities

50

Solid waste

Screenings, sands and sludge collection and treatment

50

Municipal solid waste collection 10 Storage of hazardous waste 30

Total 346

D. Environmental Inspection, Monitoring and Reporting 152. Table IX-3 shows the environmental impact monitoring program specifically designed for this project, defining the requirements on the scope, location, parameter, duration and frequency of monitoring during operational stages. 153. During construction, CSC (Construction Supervision Company) will be required to conduct frequent internal noise and air quality monitoring around construction sites and to report monitoring results in the framework of their monthly progress reports to Project Company. During operation, daily monitoring of wastewater treatment performance will be conducted by the operator of the facilities in compliance with PRC regulation. 154. Monitoring will also be periodically conducted by the local environmental authorities in the framework of their legal mandate to check compliance with applicable environmental regulations. They will be responsible for undertaking regular and random environmental monitoring and inspection activities before, during, and after construction as well as in the event of emergencies. The WRP will install an on-line monitoring system and the data will be transmitted to BEPB automatically.

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Table IX-3: Environment Monitoring Plan

Type Monitoring Location Monitoring Items Monitoring Frequency

During Construction

Air

at the construction

boundary that on

downwind direction

TSP Once per month during construction period

Noise

Boundaries of all construction sites

Equivalent continuous A sound level 2 ( 1 in daytime, 1 in night time)

samples at each boundary; once per month during

construction period

Domestic wastewater

Effluent of Changping

WRP phase I

pH, BOD5, CODcr, SS, TN, NH3-N, TP, fecal coliform Quarterly during construction

Construction wastewater

Effluent from separation

tank SS, pH, petroleum Quarterly during construction

Soil erosion Construction site

Check the implementation of soil erosion protection measures defined

in Table IX-1. Quarterly during construction

During Operation

Air

Canteen cooking fume

Cooking Fume Once per year

Odor Control air-vent

H2S, NH3, Odor Concentration 4 times per year Plant boundary and Jiangtun village

H2S, NH3, Odor Concentration Once per year

Noise 1m outside of plant

Equivalent continuous A sound level 2 ( 1 in daytime, 1 in night time) samples at each boundary, 4 times per year

Wastewater

inlet and outlet

Water temperature, pH, BOD5, CODcr, SS, TN, NH3-N, TP, fecal coliform, petroleum, oil and grease, Linear Alklybenzene sulfate (LAS), TN, TP, Chromaticity, total mercury, total cadmium, total chromium, Chromium VI, Total Arsenic, total lead, Methyl Mercury, Ethyl Mercury.

Water temperature, pH, CODcr, NH3-N. Online monitoring BOD5, SS, TN, TP, Fecal Coliform. Once per day BOD, SS, Oil and Grease, Petroleum, LAS, TN, TP, Chromaticity, Fecal Coliform, Total Mercury, Total Cadmium, Total Chromium, Chromium VI, Total Arsenic, Total Lead, Methyl Mercury, Ethyl Mercury Once per month

Surface Water Dongsha river

pH, BOD5, CODcr, SS, TN, NH3-N, TP, Petroleum, DO

1 sample, 3 times per year

Groundwater

Downstream groundwater well

pH, Total hardness (as CaCO3), TDS, Sulfate, Chlorate, Nitrate (as N), Nitrite (as N) and Ammonia Nitrogen (as NH4+)

1 sample, 2 times per year

Sludge N/A Heavy Metals (Zn, Cd, Ni, As, Hg, Pb, Cr, Cu, etc.).

2 times per year

155. Environmental acceptance monitoring and reporting. Within three months after construction completion, or no later than 1 year with permission of the local EPB, environmental acceptance monitoring and audit report of completion of project shall be: (i) prepared by a licensed environmental monitoring institute in accordance with

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the PRC Regulation on Project Completion Environmental Audit (MEP, 2001), and (ii) reviewed for approval of the official commence of individual component operation by environmental authorities. The environmental acceptance reports will indicate the timing, extent, effectiveness of completed mitigation and of maintenance, and the needs for additional mitigation measures and monitoring during operations.

Table IX-4: Proposed Project "Three-Simultaneity” Environmental Protection Inspection Checklist

No. Type Treatment Inspection Scope

Requirements

1 Waste gas Odor

Waste shall be removed and disposed timely, stacking waste shall be avoided; greening shall be put into practice in the Water Reclamation Plant; cover shall be placed or installed for odor production units, biological odor control process shall be used.

Odor concentration, NH3, H2S

Odor at Water Reclamation Plant boundary shall be compliance with "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant" (GB18918-2002) " Gas Emission Maximum Concentration at Boundary (Protection Zone Border) " Class II standard, NH3, H2S and odor concentration emitted during operation shall comply with "Integrated Emission Standards of Air Pollutants" (DB11/501-2007) and "Quality Standard for Odor Emission"(GB14554-93" standard.

2 Wastewater Water Reclamation Plant processes

BOD5, CODcr, SS, TN, NH3-N, TP, Fecal Coliform, Petroleum

Effluent shall comply with local discharge standard (DB11/890-2012) and reuse standard GB/T18920-2002, GB/T 18921-2002)

3 Noise Use of low noise equipment and various noise reduction practices.

Equivalent continuous A sound level

Noise at boundary shall comply with Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB12348-2008) Class I standard.

4 Solid Waste Waste collection classification, collection and transportation by local sanitation station

Domestic waste

Removal rate shall be 100%

Transport of waste to urban solid waste

Grit and sediment

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landfill Dewatered sludge (water content lower than 60%) are transported to Beijing Cement Plant Co.,Ltd.

Sludge residual

Handled by Beijing Jin'ou Red Woods Environment Protection Technical Services Co., Ltd.

Lab chemical waste

5 Others Leak control for wastewater process buildings

Leak control project

Meet design requirement, no leakage is allowed.

Dust control, water proof practice, floor hardening and leak control

Sludge bank

Plant shall have risk control supplies and personnel, management rules and regulations shall be provided for actions on incidents.

Risk Control Plan Implementation

Meet risk control plan requirements

156. EMP compliance reporting. The BEWG will report to ADB the environment compliance through annual environmental and social performance report, including the implementation of EMP.

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X. CONCLUSION 157. During the preparation of the FSR, domestic EIA and project IEE, potential environmental impacts were carefully assessed and addressed. The domestic EIA was prepared by Beijing Huaxia Boxin Environmental Consulting Limited Company in 2014 and reviewed and approved by Changping Environmental Protection Bureau ([2014]No. 0438) on 22nd September 2014. 158. Major safeguards issues during construction include significant earthwork and soil erosion, noise pollution, air pollution, surface water pollution, inadequate construction waste management, and occupational and community health and safety. Overall, construction-related impacts are localized, short term, and can be effectively mitigated through the application of good construction and housekeeping practices and implementation of construction phase community and occupational health and safety plans. Appropriate mitigation measures and monitoring programs have been developed to address these issues. 159. The main potential adverse impacts during operation of the project facilities include improper operation of wastewater treatment facilities, air pollution, and sludge disposal. Sludge disposal at WRP will require careful management and oversight. Noise and air quality predictions indicate that they will have minimal impact on these media. 160. Mitigation measures and a monitoring program are defined for all identified impacts, and are included in the EMP of the project IEE. The EMP sets out the procedures and plans to carry out mitigation measures and monitoring during sequential stages of the project including design, construction and operation. For each impact, appropriate mitigation measures are described. Monitoring and supervision will be undertaken to ensure that environmental impacts will be minimized to acceptable levels. 161. The project IEE concludes that as long as the environmental mitigation and management measures defined in the EMP are properly implemented, all adverse environmental impacts associated with the project will be prevented, eliminated, or minimized to an acceptable level. The project is feasible from an environment safeguards point of view.

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Annex1: Domestic EIA Approval [English Translation Summary] To Beijing BEWG: Changping Water Reclamation Phase II project "Beijing Construction Project Environmental Management Application Form" and "Changping Water Reclamation Phase II Project EIA Form" were received and approved. Approval notices include: 1) Major environmental issues encountered in this project include wastewater, gas emission, noise, dust and solid waste, design and construction should strictly follow relevant requirements and regulations, ensure compliance with discharge standards. 2) Wastewater discharged during construction should be pretreated by leakage-proof collection tank and discharged to wastewater treatment plants. Discharges should strictly follow relevant permits and standards. Recycled water shall follow relevant standards for construction water use. Discharge into surface water shall comply with relevant standards. 3) Coal-fired facility should not be used and placed in construction of this project. Odor emission shall comply with relevant requirements and standards. 4) Noise level at construction boundaries shall comply with relevant standard. 5) Solid waste generated during construction should comply with relevant requirements, properly disposed of and managed by classification. Hazardous waste should be disposed of properly by certified contractors.

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Annex 2: EIA Public Consultation Questionnaire Sample

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