Practical Database Programming with Visual Basic.NET

IEEE Press445 Hoes Lane

Piscataway, NJ 08854

IEEE Press Editorial BoardLajos Hanzo, Editor in Chief

R. Abari M. El-Hawary S. NahavandiJ. Anderson B. M. Hammerli W. ReeveF. Canavero M. Lanzerotti T. SamadT. G. Croda O. Malik G. Zobrist

Kenneth Moore, Director of IEEE Book and Information Services (BIS)

Practical Database Programming with Visual Basic.NETSecond Edition

Ying BaiDepartment of Computer Science and EngineeringJohnson C. Smith UniversityCharlotte, North Carolina

IEEE PRESS

A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication

Copyright © 2012 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. All rights reserved.Published simultaneously in Canada.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:Bai, Ying, 1956– Practical database programming with Visual Basic.NET / Ying Bai. – 2nd ed. p. cm. ISBN 978-1-118-16205-7 (pbk.) 1. Microsoft Visual BASIC. 2. BASIC (Computer program language) 3. Microsoft .NET. 4. Database design. I. Title. QA76.73.B3B335 2012 005.2'768–dc23 2011039947

Printed in United States of America.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

This book is dedicated to my wife, Yan Wang,and my daughter, Xue Bai.

vii

Contents

Preface xxv

Acknowledgments xxvii

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Outstanding Features about This Book 2Who This Book Is For 2What This Book Covers 2How This Book Is Organized and How to Use This Book 5How to Use the Source Code and Sample Databases 6Instructors and Customers Supports 8

Chapter 2 Introduction to Databases 10

2.1 What Are Databases and Database Programs? 112.1.1 File Processing System 112.1.2 Integrated Databases 12

2.2 Develop a Database 132.3 Sample Database 14

2.3.1 Relational Data Model 142.3.2 Entity-Relationship Model 17

2.4 Identifying Keys 172.4.1 Primary Key and Entity Integrity 172.4.2 Candidate Key 182.4.3 Foreign Keys and Referential Integrity 18

2.5 Define Relationships 192.5.1 Connectivity 19

2.6 ER Notation 212.7 Data Normalization 22

2.7.1 First Normal Form (1NF) 222.7.2 Second Normal Form (2NF) 232.7.3 Third Normal Form (3NF) 24

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2.8 Database Components in Some Popular Databases 262.8.1 Microsoft Access Databases 26

2.8.1.1 Database File 272.8.1.2 Tables 272.8.1.3 Queries 27

2.8.2 SQL Server Databases 282.8.2.1 Data Files 282.8.2.2 Tables 292.8.2.3 Views 292.8.2.4 Stored Procedures 292.8.2.5 Keys and Relationships 302.8.2.6 Indexes 302.8.2.7 Transaction Log Files 30

2.8.3 Oracle Databases 312.8.3.1 Data Files 312.8.3.2 Tables 312.8.3.3 Views 322.8.3.4 Stored Procedures 322.8.3.5 Indexes 332.8.3.6 Initialization Parameter Files 332.8.3.7 Control Files 332.8.3.8 Redo Log Files 342.8.3.9 Password Files 34

2.9 Create Microsoft Access Sample Database 342.9.1 Create the LogIn Table 342.9.2 Create the Faculty Table 362.9.3 Create the Other Tables 382.9.4 Create Relationships among Tables 41

2.10 Create Microsoft SQL Server 2008 Sample Database 442.10.1 Create the LogIn Table 462.10.2 Create the Faculty Table 482.10.3 Create Other Tables 492.10.4 Create Relationships among Tables 54

2.10.4.1 Create Relationship between the LogIn and the Faculty Tables 542.10.4.2 Create Relationship between the LogIn and the Student Tables 572.10.4.3 Create Relationship between the Faculty and the Course Tables 582.10.4.4 Create Relationship between the Student and the

StudentCourse Tables 592.10.4.5 Create Relationship between the Course and the

StudentCourse Tables 602.11 Create Oracle 11g XE Sample Database 61

2.11.1 Create a New Oracle Customer User or User Account 632.11.2 Create New Customer Sample Database CSE_DEPT 652.11.3 Create the LogIn Data Table 692.11.4 Create the Faculty Data Table 712.11.5 Create Other Tables 742.11.6 Create the Constraints between Tables 78

Contents ix

2.11.6.1 Create the Constraints between the LogIn and Faculty Tables 782.11.6.2 Create the Constraints between the LogIn and Student Tables 812.11.6.3 Create the Constraints between the Course and

Faculty Tables 832.11.6.4 Create the Constraints between the StudentCourse

and Student Tables 832.11.6.5 Create the Constraints between the StudentCourse

and Course Tables 852.12 Chapter Summary 87Homework 88

Chapter 3 Introduction to ADO.NET 91

3.1 The ADO and ADO.NET 913.2 Overview of ADO.NET 933.3 The Architecture of ADO.NET 943.4 The Components of ADO.NET 95

3.4.1 The Data Provider 953.4.1.1 The ODBC Data Provider 973.4.1.2 The OLEDB Data Provider 973.4.1.3 The SQL Server Data Provider 983.4.1.4 The Oracle Data Provider 98

3.4.2 The Connection Class 993.4.2.1 The Open() Method of the Connection Class 1013.4.2.2 The Close() Method of the Connection Class 1023.4.2.3 The Dispose() Method of the Connection Class 102

3.4.3 The Command and the Parameter Classes 1033.4.3.1 The Properties of the Command Class 1033.4.3.2 The Constructors and Properties of the Parameter Class 1043.4.3.3 Parameter Mapping 1053.4.3.4 The Methods of the ParameterCollection Class 1073.4.3.5 The Constructor of the Command Class 1083.4.3.6 The Methods of the Command Class 109

3.4.4 The DataAdapter Class 1123.4.4.1 The Constructor of the DataAdapter Class 1123.4.4.2 The Properties of the DataAdapter Class 1123.4.4.3 The Methods of the DataAdapter Class 1133.4.4.4 The Events of the DataAdapter Class 113

3.4.5 The DataReader Class 1153.4.6 The DataSet Component 117

3.4.6.1 The DataSet Constructor 1193.4.6.2 The DataSet Properties 1203.4.6.3 The DataSet Methods 1203.4.6.4 The DataSet Events 121

3.4.7 The DataTable Component 1233.4.7.1 The DataTable Constructor 1243.4.7.2 The DataTable Properties 125

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3.4.7.3 The DataTable Methods 1263.4.7.4 The DataTable Events 126

3.4.8 ADO.NET Entity Framework 4.1 1283.4.8.1 Advantages of Using the Entity Framework 4.1 1303.4.8.2 The ADO.NET 4.1 Entity Data Model 1323.4.8.3 Using the ADO.NET 4.1 Entity Data Model Wizard 136

3.5 Chapter Summary 145Homework 146

Chapter 4 Introduction to Language Integrated Query (LINQ) 149

4.1 Overview of Language Integrated Query 1494.1.1 Some Special Interfaces Used in LINQ 150

4.1.1.1 The IEnumerable and IEnumerable(Of T) Interfaces 1504.1.1.2 The IQueryable and IQueryable(Of T) Interfaces 151

4.1.2 Standard Query Operators 1524.1.3 Deferred Standard Query Operators 154

4.1.3.1 AsEnumerable (Conversion Purpose) 1544.1.3.2 Cast (Conversion Purpose) 1544.1.3.3 Join (Join Purpose) 1544.1.3.4 OfType (Conversion Purpose) 1564.1.3.5 OrderBy (Ordering Purpose) 1564.1.3.6 Select (Projection Purpose) 1574.1.3.7 Where (Restriction Purpose) 158

4.1.4 Nondeferred Standard Query Operators 1584.1.4.1 ElementAt (Element Purpose) 1584.1.4.2 First (Element Purpose) 1594.1.4.3 Last (Element Purpose) 1594.1.4.4 Single (Element Purpose) 1594.1.4.5 ToArray (Conversion Purpose) 1604.1.4.6 ToList (Conversion Purpose) 160

4.2 Introduction to LINQ Query 1614.3 The Architecture and Components of LINQ 164

4.3.1 Overview of LINQ to Objects 1654.3.2 Overview of LINQ to DataSet 1654.3.3 Overview of LINQ to SQL 1664.3.4 Overview of LINQ to Entities 1674.3.5 Overview of LINQ to XML 168

4.4 LINQ to Objects 1684.4.1 LINQ and ArrayList 1694.4.2 LINQ and Strings 170

4.4.2.1 Query a String to Determine the Number of Numeric Digits 1714.4.2.2 Sort Lines of Structured Text by any Field in the Line 172

4.4.3 LINQ and File Directories 1754.4.3.1 Query the Contents of Files in a Folder 175

4.4.4 LINQ and Reflection 177

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4.5 LINQ to DataSet 1794.5.1 Operations to DataSet Objects 179

4.5.1.1 Query Expression Syntax 1804.5.1.2 Method-Based Query Syntax 1824.5.1.3 Query the Single Table 1844.5.1.4 Query the Cross Tables 1864.5.1.5 Query Typed DataSet 189

4.5.2 Operations to DataRow Objects Using the Extension Methods 192

4.5.3 Operations to DataTable Objects 1964.6 LINQ to SQL 197

4.6.1 LINQ to SQL Entity Classes and DataContext Class 1984.6.2 LINQ to SQL Database Operations 202

4.6.2.1 Data Selection Query 2034.6.2.2 Data Insertion Query 2054.6.2.3 Data Updating Query 2064.6.2.4 Data Deletion Query 207

4.6.3 LINQ to SQL Implementations 2104.7 LINQ to Entities 210

4.7.1 The Object Services Component 2114.7.2 The ObjectContext Component 2114.7.3 The ObjectQuery Component 2114.7.4 LINQ to Entities Flow of Execution 211

4.7.4.1 Construct an ObjectQuery Instance 2124.7.4.2 Compose a LINQ to Entities Query 2124.7.4.3 Convert the Query to Command Trees 2124.7.4.4 Execute the Query 2134.7.4.5 Materialize the Query 214

4.7.5 Implementation of LINQ to Entities 2144.8 LINQ to XML 215

4.8.1 LINQ to XML Class Hierarchy 2154.8.2 Manipulate XML Elements 216

4.8.2.1 Creating XML from Scratch 2164.8.2.2 Insert XML 2184.8.2.3 Update XML 2194.8.2.4 Delete XML 220

4.8.3 Manipulate XML Attributes 2204.8.3.1 Add XML Attributes 2204.8.3.2 Get XML Attributes 2214.8.3.3 Delete XML Attributes 222

4.8.4 Query XML with LINQ to XML 2224.8.4.1 Standard Query Operators and XML 2234.8.4.2 XML Query Extensions 2244.8.4.3 Using Query Expressions with XML 2244.8.4.4 Using XPath and XSLT with LINQ to XML 2254.8.4.5 Mixing XML and Other Data Models 225

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4.9 Visual Basic.NET Language Enhancement for LINQ 2274.9.1 Lambda Expressions 2274.9.2 Extension Methods 2294.9.3 Implicitly Typed Local Variables 2324.9.4 Query Expressions 234

4.10 Chapter Summary 236Homework 237

Chapter 5 Data Selection Query with Visual Basic.NET 241

Part I Data Query with Visual Studio.NET Design Tools and Wizards 242

5.1 A Completed Sample Database Application Example 2425.2 Visual Studio.NET Design Tools and Wizards 245

5.2.1 Data Components in the Toolbox Window 2455.2.1.1 The DataSet 2465.2.1.2 DataGridView 2475.2.1.3 BindingSource 2485.2.1.4 BindingNavigator 2485.2.1.5 TableAdapter 249

5.2.2 Data Source Window 2495.2.2.1 Add New Data Sources 2505.2.2.2 Data Source Configuration Wizard 2515.2.2.3 DataSet Designer 255

5.3 Query Data from SQL Server Database Using Design Tools and Wizards 2575.3.1 Application User Interface 257

5.3.1.1 The LogIn Form 2585.3.1.2 The Selection Form 2595.3.1.3 The Faculty Form 2605.3.1.4 The Course Form 2605.3.1.5 The Student Form 263

5.4 Add and Utilize Visual Studio Wizards and Design Tools 2655.4.1 Add and Configure a New Data Source 265

5.5 Query and Display Data using the DataGridView Control 2685.5.1 View the Entire Table 2685.5.2 View Each Record or the Specified Columns 270

5.6 Use DataSet Designer to Edit the Structure of the DataSet 2725.7 Bind Data to the Associated Controls in LogIn Form 2745.8 Develop Codes to Query Data Using the Fill() Method 2785.9 Use Return a Single Value to Query Data for LogIn Form 2815.10 Develop the Codes for the Selection Form 2845.11 Query Data from the Faculty Table for the Faculty Form 2865.12 Develop Codes to Query Data from the Faculty Table 289

5.12.1 Develop Codes to Query Data Using the TableAdapter Method 2895.12.2 Develop Codes to Query Data Using the LINQ to DataSet Method 291

5.13 Display a Picture for the Selected Faculty 2925.13.1 Modify the Codes for the Select Button Event Procedure 2925.13.2 Create a Function to Select the Matched Faculty Image 293

Contents xiii

5.14 Query Data from the Course Table for the Course Form 2955.14.1 Build the Course Queries Using the Query Builder 2965.14.2 Bind Data Columns to the Associated Controls in the Course Form 298

5.15 Develop Codes to Query Data for the Course Form 3005.15.1 Query Data from the Course Table Using the TableAdapter Method 3005.15.2 Query Data from the Course Table Using the LINQ to

DataSet Method 3025.16 Query Data from Oracle Database Using Design Tools and Wizards 304

5.16.1 Introduction to dotConnect for Oracle 6.30 Express 3055.16.2 Create a New Visual Basic.NET Project: SelectWizardOracle 3055.16.3 Select and Add Oracle Database 11g XE as the Data Source 3075.16.4 Modify the Codes to Access the Oracle Database 310

Part II Data Query with Runtime Objects 311

5.17 Introduction to Runtime Objects 3125.17.1 Procedure of Building a Data-Driven Application Using

Runtime Object 3145.18 Query Data from Microsoft Access Database Using Runtime Object 315

5.18.1 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the LogIn Form 3155.18.1.1 Declare Global Variables and Runtime Objects 3165.18.1.2 Connect to the Data Source with the Runtime Object 3175.18.1.3 Coding for Method 1: Using DataSet-TableAdapter

to Query Data 3185.18.1.4 Coding for Method 2: Using the DataReader to Query Data 3205.18.1.5 Clean up the Objects and Terminate the Project 321

5.18.2 Coding for the Selection Form 3225.18.3 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Faculty Form 3235.18.4 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Course Form 3315.18.5 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Student Form 339

5.18.5.1 Coding for the Student Form_Load Event Procedure 3415.18.5.2 Coding for the Select Button Click Event Procedure 342

5.19 Query Data from SQL Server Database Using Runtime Object 3495.19.1 Migrating from Access to SQL Server and Oracle Databases 3505.19.2 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the LogIn Form 353

5.19.2.1 Declare the Runtime Objects 3545.19.2.2 Connect to the Data Source with the Runtime Object 3545.19.2.3 Coding for Method 1: Using the TableAdapter

to Query Data 3565.19.2.4 Coding for Method 2: Using the DataReader

to Query Data 3575.19.3 The Coding for the Selection Form 3595.19.4 Query Data Using Runtime Objects

For the Faculty Form 3595.19.5 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Course Form 3625.19.6 Retrieve Data from Multiple Tables Using Tables JOINS 3635.19.7 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Student Form 367

xiv Contents

5.19.8 Query Student Data Using Stored Procedures 3695.19.8.1 Create the Stored Procedure 3705.19.8.2 Call the Stored Procedure 3715.19.8.3 Query Data Using Stored Procedures for Student Form 3725.19.8.4 Query Data Using More Complicated Stored Procedures 380

5.20 Query Data from Oracle Database Using Runtime Object 3845.20.1 Install and Configure the Oracle Database 11g Express Edition 3845.20.2 Configure the Oracle Database Connection String 3855.20.3 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the LogIn Form 386

5.20.3.1 Declare the Runtime Objects and Modify the ConnModule 3875.20.3.2 Connect to the Data Source with the Runtime Object 3885.20.3.3 Coding for Method 1: Using the TableAdapter to Query Data 3895.20.3.4 Coding for Method 2: Using the DataReader to Query Data 390

5.20.4 The Coding for the Selection Form 3925.20.5 Query Data Using Runtime Objects for the Faculty Form 3925.20.6 Query Data Using Runtime Objects and LINQ to DataSet for

the Course Form 3965.20.7 The Stored Procedures in Oracle Database Environment 397

5.20.7.1 The Syntax of Creating a Stored Procedure in the Oracle 3985.20.7.2 The Syntax of Creating a Package in the Oracle 398

5.20.8 Create the Faculty_Course Package for the Course Form 4005.20.9 Query Data Using the Oracle Package For the Course Form 405

5.21 Chapter Summary 411Homework 413

Chapter 6 Data Inserting with Visual Basic.NET 417

Part I Data Inserting with Visual Studio.NET Design Tools and Wizards 418

6.1 Insert Data into a Database 4186.1.1 Insert New Records into a Database Using the TableAdapter.Insert

Method 4196.1.2 Insert New Records into a Database Using the TableAdapter.Update

Method 4206.2 Insert Data into the SQL Server Database Using a Sample

Project InsertWizard 4206.2.1 Create New Project Based on the SelectWizard Project 4216.2.2 Application User Interfaces 4216.2.3 Validate Data Before the Data Insertion 421

6.2.3.1 Visual Basic Collection and .NET Framework Collection Classes 422

6.2.3.2 Validate Data Using the Generic Collection 4226.2.4 Initialization Coding for the Data Insertion 4256.2.5 Build the Insert Query 426

6.2.5.1 Configure the TableAdapter and Build the Data Inserting Query 426

6.2.6 Develop Codes to Insert Data Using the TableAdapter.Insert Method 427

Contents xv

6.2.7 Develop Codes to Insert Data Using the TableAdapter.Update Method 430

6.2.8 Insert Data into the Database Using the Stored Procedures 4356.2.8.1 Create the Stored Procedure Using the TableAdapter Query

Configuration Wizard 4366.2.8.2 Modify the Codes to Perform the Data Insertion Using the Stored

Procedure 4366.3 Insert Data into the Oracle Database Using a Sample

Project InsertWizardOracle 441

Part II Data Insertion with Runtime Objects 442

6.4 The General Runtime Objects Method 4426.5 Insert Data into the SQL Server Database Using the Runtime

Object Method 4446.5.1 Insert Data into the Faculty Table for the SQL Server Database 444

6.5.1.1 Develop the Codes to Insert Data into the Faculty Table 4446.6 Insert Data into the Microsoft Access Database Using the

Runtime Objects 4536.6.1 Modify the Imports Commands and the ConnModule 4546.6.2 Modify the Database Connection String 4546.6.3 Modify the LogIn Query Strings 4556.6.4 Modify the Faculty Query String 4566.6.5 Modify the Faculty Insert String 4586.6.6 Modifications to Other Forms 459

6.7 Insert Data into the Oracle Database Using the Runtime Objects 4616.7.1 Add the Oracle Driver Reference and Modify the

Imports Commands 4626.7.2 Modify the Database Connection String 4636.7.3 Modify the LogIn Query Strings 4646.7.4 Modify the Faculty Query String and Query Related Codes 4666.7.5 Modify the Faculty Insert String and Insertion Related Codes 4666.7.6 Modifications to Other Forms 468

6.7.6.1 Modify the Codes in the Selection Form 4696.7.6.2 Modify the Codes in the Course Form 4696.7.6.3 Modify the Codes in the Student Form 4706.7.6.4 Modify the Codes in the SP Form 470

6.8 Insert Data into the Database Using Stored Procedures 4716.8.1 Insert Data into the SQL Server Database

Using Stored Procedures 4716.8.1.1 Develop Stored Procedures of SQL Server Database 4716.8.1.2 Develop Codes to Call Stored Procedures to Insert Data

into the Course Table 4746.8.2 Insert Data into the Oracle Database Using Stored Procedures 478

6.8.2.1 Develop Stored Procedures in Oracle Database 4796.8.2.2 Develop Codes to Call Stored Procedures to Insert Data

into the Course Table 483

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6.9 Insert Data into the Database Using the LINQ to DataSet Method 4866.9.1 Insert Data Into the SQL Server Database Using the LINQ

to SQL Queries 4886.10 Chapter Summary 488Homework 489

Chapter 7 Data Updating and Deleting with Visual Basic.NET 493

Part I Data Updating and Deleting with Visual Studio.NET Design Tools and Wizards 494

7.1 Update or Delete Data Against Databases 4957.1.1 Updating and Deleting Data from Related Tables in a DataSet 4957.1.2 Update or Delete Data Against Database Using TableAdapter DBDirect

Methods: TableAdapter.Update and TableAdapter.Delete 4967.1.3 Update or Delete Data Against Database Using

TableAdapter.Update Method 4977.2 Update and Delete Data for Microsoft SQL Server Database 498

7.2.1 Create a New Project Based on the InsertWizard Project 4987.2.2 Application User Interfaces 4997.2.3 Validate Data before the Data Updating and Deleting 4997.2.4 Build the Update and Delete Queries 499

7.2.4.1 Configure the TableAdapter and Build the Data Updating Query 499

7.2.4.2 Build the Data Deleting Query 5007.2.5 Develop Codes to Update Data Using the

TableAdapter DBDirect Method 5027.2.5.1 Modifications of the Codes 5027.2.5.2 Creations of the Codes 502

7.2.6 Develop Codes to Update Data Using the TableAdapter.Update Method 503

7.2.7 Develop Codes to Delete Data Using the TableAdapter DBDirect Method 505

7.2.8 Develop Codes to Delete Data Using the TableAdapter.Update Method 507

7.2.9 Validate the Data after the Data Updating and Deleting 5087.3 Update and Delete Data for Oracle Database 5117.4 Update and Delete Data for Microsoft Access Database 512

Part II Data Updating and Deleting with Runtime Objects 512

7.5 The Runtime Objects Method 5137.6 Update and Delete Data for SQL Server Database Using

the Runtime Objects 5147.6.1 Update Data Against the Faculty Table for

the SQL Server Database 5157.6.1.1 Develop Codes to Update the Faculty Data 5157.6.1.2 Validate the Data Updating 516

Contents xvii

7.6.2 Delete Data from the Faculty Table for the SQL Server Database 5177.6.2.1 Develop Codes to Delete Data 5177.6.2.2 Validate the Data Deleting 518

7.7 Update and Delete Data for Oracle Database Using the Runtime Objects 5207.7.1 Add the Oracle Namespace Reference and Modify

the Imports Command 5217.7.2 Modify the Connection String and Query String

for the LogIn Form 5227.7.2.1 Modify the Connection String in the Form Load

Event Procedure 5227.7.2.2 Modify the SELECT Query String in the TabLogIn Button Event

Procedure 5227.7.2.3 Modify the SELECT Query String in the ReadLogIn

Button Event Procedure 5237.7.3 Modify the Query Strings for the Faculty Form 523

7.7.3.1 Modify the SELECT Query String for the Select Button Event Procedure 523

7.7.3.2 Modify the INSERT Query String for the Insert Button Event Procedure 523

7.7.3.3 Modify the UPDATE Query String for the Update Button Event Procedure 524

7.7.3.4 Modify the DELETE Query String for the Delete Button Event Procedure 524

7.7.4 Modify the Query Strings for the Course Form 5247.7.4.1 Modify the SELECT Query String for the Select

Button Event Procedure 5257.7.4.2 Modify the SELECT Query String for the CourseList

Event Procedure 5257.7.5 Modify the Query Strings for the Student Form 5257.7.6 Other Modifications 525

7.8 Update and Delete Data Against Database Using Stored Procedures 5287.8.1 Update and Delete Data Against SQL Server Database Using Stored

Procedures 5287.8.1.1 Modify the Existing Project to Create Our New Project 5297.8.1.2 Modify the Codes to Update and Delete Data

from the Faculty Table 5297.8.1.3 Develop Two Stored Procedures in the SQL Server Database 5317.8.1.4 Call the Stored Procedures to Perform the Data Updating

and Deleting 5377.8.2 Update and Delete Data Against Oracle Database Using

Stored Procedures 5387.8.2.1 Modify the Existing Project to Create Our New Project 5387.8.2.2 Modify the Codes to Update and Delete Data from

the Faculty Table 5397.8.2.3 Develop Stored Procedures in the Oracle Database 5427.8.2.4 Call the Stored Procedure to Perform the Data Updating

and Deleting 546

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7.8.3 Update and Delete Data Against Databases Using the LINQ to SQL Query 548

7.8.3.1 Create a New Object of the DataContext Class 5497.8.3.2 Develop the Codes for the Select Button Click Event Procedure 5507.8.3.3 Develop the Codes for the Update Button Click

Event Procedure 5517.8.3.4 Develop the Codes for the Delete Button Click Event Procedure 552

7.9 Chapter Summary 554Homework 555

Chapter 8 Accessing Data in ASP.NET 559

8.1 What Is the .NET Framework? 5608.2 What Is ASP.NET? 561

8.2.1 ASP.NET Web Application File Structure 5638.2.2 ASP.NET Execution Model 5638.2.3 What Really Happens When a Web Application Is Executed? 5648.2.4 The Requirements to Test and Run the Web Project 565

8.3 Develop ASP.NET Web Application to Select Data from SQL Server Databases 566

8.3.1 Create the User Interface: LogIn Form 5678.3.2 Develop the Codes to Access and Select Data from the Database 5698.3.3 Validate the Data in the Client Side 5738.3.4 Create the Second User Interface: Selection Page 5748.3.5 Develop the Codes to Open the Other Page 5768.3.6 Modify the Codes in the LogIn Page to Transfer to the Selection Page 5778.3.7 Create the Third User Interface: Faculty Page 5788.3.8 Develop the Codes to Select the Desired Faculty Information 580

8.3.8.1 Develop the Codes for the Page_Load Event Procedure 5818.3.8.2 Develop the Codes for the Select Button Event Procedure 5828.3.8.3 Develop the Codes for Other Procedures 583

8.3.9 Create the Fourth User Interface: Course Page 5878.3.9.1 The AutoPostBack Property of the List Box Control 589

8.3.10 Develop the Codes to Select the Desired Course Information 5908.3.10.1 Coding for the Course Page Loading and Ending

Event Procedures 5918.3.10.2 Coding for the Select Button’s Click Event Procedure 5928.3.10.3 Coding for the SelectedIndexChanged Event Procedure of the

CourseList Box 5948.3.10.4 Coding for Other User-Defined Subroutine Procedures 595

8.4 Develop ASP.NET Web Application to Insert Data into SQL Server Databases 598

8.4.1 Develop the Codes to Perform the Data Insertion Function 5988.4.2 Develop the Codes for the Insert Button Click Event Procedure 5998.4.3 Modify the Codes in the Subroutine ShowFaculty() for

the Data Validation 6018.4.4 Validate the Data Insertion 602

Contents xix

8.5 Develop Web Applications to Update and Delete Data in SQL Server Databases 604

8.5.1 Modify the Codes for the Faculty Page 6058.5.2 Develop the Codes for the Update Button Click Event Procedure 6068.5.3 Develop the Codes for the Delete Button Click Event Procedure 609

8.5.3.1 Relationships between Five Tables in Our Sample Database 6098.5.3.2 Data Deleting Sequence 6108.5.3.3 Use the Cascade Deleting Option to Simplify the Data Deleting 6118.5.3.4 Create the Stored Procedure to Perform the Data Deleting 6128.5.3.5 Develop the Codes to Call the Stored Procedure to Perform

the Data Deleting 6168.6 Develop ASP.NET Web Applications with LINQ to SQL Query 618

8.6.1 Add an Existing Web Page FacultyLINQ.aspx 6208.6.2 Create a New Object of the DataContext Class 6218.6.3 Develop the Codes for the Data Selection Query 6228.6.4 Develop the Codes for the Data Insertion Query 6238.6.5 Develop the Codes for the Data Updating and Deleting Queries 625

8.7 Develop ASP.NET Web Application to Select Data from Oracle Databases 628

8.7.1 Add the Oracle Database Reference and Modify Imports Commands 629

8.7.2 Modify the Connection String in the LogIn Page 6298.7.3 Modify the Query String in the LogIn Page 6308.7.4 Modify the Query String in the Faculty Page 6318.7.5 Modify the Query Strings in the Course Page 6338.7.6 Modify the Global Connection Object

in the Selection Page 6368.8 Develop ASP.NET Web Application to Insert Data into Oracle Databases 636

8.8.1 Create the Codes for the Insert Button Click Event Procedure 6378.8.2 Create the Codes for the TextChanged Event Procedure of the Faculty ID

Textbox 6398.8.3 Modify the Codes in the Subroutine ShowFaculty()

for the Data Validation 6398.9 Develop ASP.NET Web Application to Update and Delete Data in

Oracle Databases 6428.9.1 Build the Codes for the Project to Perform

the Data Updating 6428.9.1.1 Modifications to the Select Button’s Click Event Procedure 6428.9.1.2 Add the Codes to the Update Button Event and UpdateParameters

Procedures 6438.9.2 Develop Stored Procedures to Perform the Data Deleting 646

8.9.2.1 Delete an Existing Record from the Faculty Table 6468.9.2.2 Develop the Codes for the Delete Button’s Event Procedure 6478.9.2.3 Validate the Data Deleting Actions 6498.9.2.4 The Constraint Property: On Delete Cascade in the Data Table 650

8.10 Chapter Summary 653Homework 654

xx Contents

Chapter 9 ASP.NET Web Services 657

9.1 What Are Web Services and Their Components? 6589.2 Procedures to Build a Web Service 659

9.2.1 The Structure of a Typical Web Service Project 6609.2.2 The Real Considerations When Building a Web Service Project 6609.2.3 Introduction to Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 661

9.2.3.1 What Is WCF? 6629.2.3.2 WCF Data Services 6629.2.3.3 WCF Services 6639.2.3.4 WCF Clients 6639.2.3.5 WCF Hosting 6649.2.3.6 WCF Visual Studio Templates 664

9.2.4 Procedures to Build an ASP.NET Web Service 6659.3 Build ASP.NET Web Service Project to Access SQL Server Database 666

9.3.1 Files and Items Created in the New Web Service Project 6679.3.2 A Feeling of the Hello World Web Service Project As it Runs 6719.3.3 Modify the Default Namespace 6749.3.4 Create a Base Class to Handle Error Checking for Our Web Service 6759.3.5 Create the Real Web Service Class 6769.3.6 Add Web Methods into Our Web Service Class 6779.3.7 Develop the Codes for Web Methods to Perform

the Web Services 6789.3.7.1 Web Service Connection Strings 6789.3.7.2 Modify the Existing HelloWorld Web Method 6809.3.7.3 Develop the Codes to Perform the Database Queries 6829.3.7.4 Develop the Codes for Subroutines Used in the

Web Method 6849.3.8 Develop the Stored Procedure to Perform the Data Query 687

9.3.8.1 Develop the Stored Procedure WebSelectFacultySP 6879.3.8.2 Add Another Web Method to Call the Stored Procedure 688

9.3.9 Use DataSet as the Returning Object for the Web Method 6899.3.10 Build Windows-Based Web Service Clients to Consume

the Web Services 6929.3.10.1 Create a Web Service Proxy Class 6939.3.10.2 Develop the Graphic User Interface for the Windows-Based

Client Project 6959.3.10.3 Develop the Code to Consume the Web Service 696

9.3.11 Build Web-Based Web Service Clients to Consume the Web Service 7039.3.11.1 Create a New Web Site Project and Add an Existing Web Page 7049.3.11.2 Add a Web Service Reference and Modify the

Web Form Window 7049.3.11.3 Modify the Codes for the Related Event Procedures 706

9.3.12 Deploy the Completed Web Service to Production Servers 7109.3.12.1 Copy Web Service Files to the Virtual Directory 7129.3.12.2 Publish Precompiled Web Service 713

Contents xxi

9.4 Build ASP.NET Web Service Project to Insert Data into SQL Server Database 714

9.4.1 Modify an Existing Web Service Project 7149.4.2 Develop the Web Service Methods 7159.4.3 Develop and Modify the Codes for the Code-Behind Page 716

9.4.3.1 Develop and Modify the First Web Method SetSQLInsertSP 7169.4.3.2 Develop the Second Web Method GetSQLInsert 7219.4.3.3 Develop the Third Web Method SQLInsertDataSet 7259.4.3.4 Develop the Fourth Web Method GetSQLInsertCourse 729

9.4.4 Build Windows-Based Web Service Clients to Consume the Web Services 734

9.4.4.1 Create a Windows-Based Consume Project and a Web Service Proxy Class 734

9.4.4.2 Develop the Graphic User Interface for the Client Project 7369.4.4.3 Develop the Code to Consume the Web Service 738

9.4.5 Build Web-Based Web Service Clients to Consume the Web Services 7499.4.5.1 Create a New Web Site Project and Add an Existing Web Page 7509.4.5.2 Add a Web Service Reference and Modify the Web Form Window 7509.4.5.3 Modify the Codes for the Related Event Procedures 752

9.5 Build ASP.NET Web Service to Update and Delete Data for SQL Server Database 762

9.5.1 Modify an Existing Web Service Project 7639.5.2 Guideline in Modifying Related Web Methods 764

9.5.2.1 Modify the Web Method from SetSQLInsertSP to SQLUpdataSP 764

9.5.2.2 Modify the Web Method GetSQLInsert to GetSQLCourse 7669.5.2.3 Modify the Web Method GetSQLInsertCourse to

GetSQLCourseDetail 7689.5.2.4 Add a New Web Method SQLDeleteSP 769

9.5.3 Develop Two Stored Procedures WebUpdateCourseSP and WebDeleteCourseSP 771

9.5.3.1 Develop the Stored Procedure WebUpdateCourseSP 7719.5.3.2 Develop the Stored Procedure WebDeleteCourseSP 774

9.6 Build Windows-Based Web Service Clients to Consume the Web Services 7839.6.1 Modifications to the File Folder and Project Files 7849.6.2 Add a New Web Reference to Our Client Project 7849.6.3 Modify the Codes for the Different Event Procedures and Subroutines 786

9.6.3.1 Modify the Codes of the Form_Load Event Procedure and Form-Level Variables 786

9.6.3.2 Modify the Codes for the Select Button Click Event Procedure and Related User-defined Subroutine Procedures 787

9.6.3.3 Remove the Insert Button Click Event Procedure 7889.6.3.4 Modify the Codes for the SelectedIndexChanged

Event Procedure 7889.6.3.5 Develop the Codes for the Update Button Event Procedure 7899.6.3.6 Develop the Codes for the Delete Button Event Procedure 790

xxii Contents

9.7 Build Web-Based Web Service Clients to Consume the Web Services 7939.7.1 Create a New Web Site Project and Add an Existing Web Page 7949.7.2 Add a Web Service Reference and Modify the Web Form Window 7949.7.3 Modify the Codes for the Related Event Procedures and Subroutines 796

9.7.3.1 Modify the Codes in the Page_Load Event Procedure 7969.7.3.2 Modify Codes in the Select Button Event Procedure and Related

Subroutines 7969.7.3.3 Modify the Codes in the SelectedIndexChanged Event Procedure of the

Course List Box Control and Related Subroutines 7989.7.3.4 Remove the Insert Button Click Event Procedure and the TextChanged

Event Procedure of the Course ID Textbox 7999.7.3.5 Develop Codes for the Update Button Click Event Procedure 7999.7.3.6 Develop Codes for the Delete Button Click Event Procedure 800

9.8 Build ASP.NET Web Service Project to Access Oracle Database 8049.8.1 Build a Web Service Project WebServiceOracleSelect 8059.8.2 Modify the Connection String 8069.8.3 Add Oracle Database References and Modify the

Namespace Directories 8069.8.4 Modify the Web Method GetSQLSelect and Related

Subroutines 8079.8.5 Modify the Web Method GetSQLSelectSP and Related Subroutines 809

9.8.5.1 Modifications to the Stored Procedure WebSelectFacultySP 8109.8.5.2 Modifications to the Codes in the Web Method

GetSQLSelectSP 8149.8.5.3 Modify the Web Method GetSQLSelectDataSet 816

9.9 Build Web Service Client Projects to Consume the Web Service 8199.10 Build ASP.NET Web Service Project to Insert Data into

Oracle Database 8209.10.1 Build a Web Service Project WebServiceOracleInsert 8209.10.2 Modify the Connection String 8219.10.3 Add Oracle Database Reference and Modify the

Namespace Directories 8229.10.4 Modify the Web Method SetSQLInsertSP and Related Subroutines 8229.10.5 Modify the Web Method GetSQLInsert and Related Subroutines 8259.10.6 Modify the Web Method SQLInsertDataSet 8269.10.7 Modify the Web Method GetSQLInsertCourse and

Related Subroutines 8289.10.8 Build the Oracle Package WebSelectCourseSP 830

9.11 Build Web Service Client Projects to Consume the Web Service 8369.12 Build ASP.NET Web Service to Update and Delete Data for

the Oracle Database 8389.12.1 Build a Web Service Project WebServiceOracleUpdateDelete 8389.12.2 Modify the Connection String 8399.12.3 Add Oracle Database Reference and Modify the Namespace

Directories 8399.12.4 Modify the Web Method SQLUpdateSP and Related Subroutines 840

9.12.4.1 Develop the Stored Procedure UpdateCourse_SP 842

Contents xxiii

9.12.5 Modify the Web Method GetSQLCourse and Related Subroutines 8459.12.6 Modify the Web Method GetSQLCourseDetail and

Related Subroutines 8479.12.7 Modify the Web Method SQLDeleteSP 849

9.12.7.1 Develop the Stored Procedure WebDeleteCourseSP 8509.13 Build Web Service Client Projects to Consume the Web Service 8559.14 Chapter Summary 856Homework 857

Index 860

About the Author 868

Preface

Databases have become an integral part of our modern day life. We are an information-driven society. Database technology has a direct impact on our daily lives. Decisions are routinely made by organizations based on the information collected and stored in data-bases. A record company may decide to market certain albums in selected regions based on the music preference of teenagers. Grocery stores display more popular items at the eye level, and reorders are based on the inventories taken at regular intervals. Other examples include patients’ records in hospitals, customers’ account information in banks, book orders by the libraries, club memberships, auto part orders, winter cloth stock by department stores, and many others.

In addition to database management systems, in order to effectively apply and imple-ment databases in real industrial or commercial systems, a good graphic user interface (GUI) is needed to allow users to access and manipulate their records or data in data-bases. Visual Basic.NET is an ideal candidate to be selected to provide this GUI func-tionality. Unlike other programming languages, Visual Basic.NET is a kind of language that has advantages, such as easy-to-learn and easy-to-be-understood with little learning curves. Beginning of Visual Studio.NET 2005, Microsoft integrated a few programming languages such as Visual C++, Visual Basic, C#, and Visual J# into a dynamic model called .NET Framework that makes Internet and Web programming easy and simple, and any language integrated in this model can be used to develop professional and efficient Web applications that can be used to communicate with others via the Internet. ADO.NET and ASP.NET are two important submodels of .NET Framework. The former provides all components, including the Data Providers, DataSet, and DataTable, to access and manipulate data against different databases. The latter provides support to develop Web applications and Web services in the ASP.NET environment to allow users to exchange information between clients and servers easily and conveniently.

This book is mainly designed for college students and software programmers who want to develop practical and commercial database programming with Visual Basic.NET and relational databases, such as Microsoft Access, SQL Server 2008, and Oracle Database 11 g XE. The book provides a detailed description about the practical considerations and applications in database programming with Visual Basic.NET 2010 with authentic exam-ples and detailed explanations. More important, a new writing style is developed and implemented in this book, combined with real examples, to provide readers with a clear picture as how to handle the database programming issues in Visual Basic.NET 2010 environment.

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xxvi  Preface

The outstanding features of this book include, but not limited to:

1. A novel writing style is adopted to try to attract students’ or beginning programmers’ inter-esting in learning and developing practical database programs, and to avoid the headache caused by using huge blocks of codes in the traditional database programming books.

2. Updated database programming tools and components are covered in the book, such as .NET Framework 4.0, LINQ, ADO.NET 4.0, and ASP.NET 4.0, to enable readers to easily and quickly learn and master advanced techniques in database programming and develop professional and practical database applications.

3. A real completed sample database CSE_DEPT with three versions, Microsoft Access 2007, SQL Server 2008, and Oracle Database 11 g XE, is provided and used for entire book. Step by step, a detailed illustration and description about how to design and build a practical relational database is provided.

4. Covered both fundamental and advanced database programming techniques to conve-nience both beginning students and experienced programmers.

5. Various actual data providers are discussed and implemented in the sample projects, such as the SQL Server and Oracle data providers. Instead of using the OleDb to access the SQL Server or Oracle databases, the real SQL Server and Oracle data providers are utilized to connect to the Visual Basic.NET 2010 directly to perform data operations.

6. Good textbook for college students, and good reference book for programmers, software engineers, and academic researchers.

I sincerely hope that this book can provide useful and practical helps and guides to all readers or users who adopted this book, and I will be more than happy to know that you can develop and build professional and practical database applications with the help of this book.

Ying Bai

Acknowledgments

The first and most special thanks to my wife, Yan Wang. I could not finish this book without her sincere encouragement and support.

Special thanks to Dr. Satish Bhalla, who is the chapter contributor for this book. Dr. Bhalla is a specialist in database programming and management, especially in SQL Server, Oracle, and DB2. Dr. Bhalla spent a lot of time to prepare materials for Chapter 2, and he is deserving of thanks.

Many thanks to Senior Editor Taisuke Soda and Associate Editor Mary Hatcher who made this book available to the public. You would not find this book in the market without their deep perspective and hard work. The same thanks are extended to the editorial team of this book. Without their contributions, it is impossible for this book to be published.

These thanks should also be extended to the following book reviewers for their pre-cious opinions to this book:

• Dr. Xintao Wu, Associate Professor, Department of Information and Systems, University of North Carolina at Charlotte

• Dr. Xiaohong Yuan, Associate Professor, Department of Computer Science, North Carolina A&T State University

• Dr. Daoxi Xiu, Application Analyst Programmer, North Carolina Administrative Office of the Courts

• Dr. Dali Wang, Associate Professor, Department of Physics and Computer Science, Christopher Newport University

Last but not least, thanks should be forwarded to all people who supported me to finish this book.

Y. B.

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