Practical aspects in Auditing

CA. PRAMOD JAINFCA, FCS, FCMA, LL.B, MIMA, DISA

CA. PRAMOD JAINFCA, FCS, FCMA, LL.B, MIMA, DISA

LUNAWAT & CO.Chartered Accountants

LUNAWAT & CO.Chartered Accountants21st November 2016, Agra21st November 2016, Agra

PRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTS

in in in in

AUDITINGAUDITINGAUDITINGAUDITING

PRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTSPRACTICAL ASPECTS

in in in in

AUDITINGAUDITINGAUDITINGAUDITING

THE PROCESSTHE PROCESSTHE PROCESSTHE PROCESSLunawat & Co.

Financial Financial Financial Financial StatementsStatementsStatementsStatements

Auditors Auditors Auditors Auditors ReportReportReportReport

Directors Directors Directors Directors ReportReportReportReport

Lunawat & Co.

Lunawat & Co.

Annual ReportAnnual ReportAnnual ReportAnnual Report

Director’s Director’s Director’s Director’s ReportReportReportReport

Auditor’s Auditor’s Auditor’s Auditor’s ReportReportReportReport

Financial Financial Financial Financial statementstatementstatementstatement

ssss

Balance Balance Balance Balance SheetSheetSheetSheet

Profit / Profit / Profit / Profit / LossLossLossLoss

Cash FlowCash FlowCash FlowCash Flow NotesNotesNotesNotes

FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFINANCIAL STATEMENTSFINANCIAL STATEMENTSFINANCIAL STATEMENTS

�Financial Year Financial Year Financial Year Financial Year –––– 31313131stststst MarchMarchMarchMarch

�Cash Flow for all except:Cash Flow for all except:Cash Flow for all except:Cash Flow for all except:

�OPCOPCOPCOPC

�SCSCSCSC

�DC DC DC DC

�FS to FS to FS to FS to be in Schedule III be in Schedule III be in Schedule III be in Schedule III

�Amended Amended Amended Amended w.e.fw.e.fw.e.fw.e.f. 4.9.15 to include . 4.9.15 to include . 4.9.15 to include . 4.9.15 to include

MSMED details under Trade MSMED details under Trade MSMED details under Trade MSMED details under Trade PayablePayablePayablePayable

Lunawat & Co.

BASICS BASICS BASICS BASICS –––– CURRENT VS. NONCURRENT VS. NONCURRENT VS. NONCURRENT VS. NON----CURRENTCURRENTCURRENTCURRENT

� Current Asset Current Asset Current Asset Current Asset ---- satisfies any of following criteria; satisfies any of following criteria; satisfies any of following criteria; satisfies any of following criteria;

� In the company’s normal operating cycle it is; In the company’s normal operating cycle it is; In the company’s normal operating cycle it is; In the company’s normal operating cycle it is;

�Intended for sale; orIntended for sale; orIntended for sale; orIntended for sale; or

�Intended to be consumed; orIntended to be consumed; orIntended to be consumed; orIntended to be consumed; or

�Expected to be realized.Expected to be realized.Expected to be realized.Expected to be realized.

�Held primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; or

� Expected to be realized within 12 months after Expected to be realized within 12 months after Expected to be realized within 12 months after Expected to be realized within 12 months after

reporting date; orreporting date; orreporting date; orreporting date; or

� Cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from Cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from Cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from Cash or cash equivalent unless it is restricted from

being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at

least 12 months after reporting date.least 12 months after reporting date.least 12 months after reporting date.least 12 months after reporting date.

Lunawat & Co.

BASICS BASICS BASICS BASICS ---- CURRENT LIABILITYCURRENT LIABILITYCURRENT LIABILITYCURRENT LIABILITY� Current liability if it satisfies any of the following Current liability if it satisfies any of the following Current liability if it satisfies any of the following Current liability if it satisfies any of the following

criteria; if it is :criteria; if it is :criteria; if it is :criteria; if it is :

� Expected to be settled in the company’s normal Expected to be settled in the company’s normal Expected to be settled in the company’s normal Expected to be settled in the company’s normal

operating cycle; oroperating cycle; oroperating cycle; oroperating cycle; or

�Held primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; orHeld primarily for the purpose of being traded; or

�Due to be settled within 12 months after reporting Due to be settled within 12 months after reporting Due to be settled within 12 months after reporting Due to be settled within 12 months after reporting

date; ordate; ordate; ordate; or

� The company does not have an unconditional right The company does not have an unconditional right The company does not have an unconditional right The company does not have an unconditional right

to defer settlement of liability for at least 12 to defer settlement of liability for at least 12 to defer settlement of liability for at least 12 to defer settlement of liability for at least 12

months after reporting date. Terms of a liability months after reporting date. Terms of a liability months after reporting date. Terms of a liability months after reporting date. Terms of a liability

that could, at option of counterparty, result in its that could, at option of counterparty, result in its that could, at option of counterparty, result in its that could, at option of counterparty, result in its

settlement by issue of equity do not affect its settlement by issue of equity do not affect its settlement by issue of equity do not affect its settlement by issue of equity do not affect its

classification.classification.classification.classification.

Lunawat & Co.

GENERALGENERALGENERALGENERAL� Balance Sheet Title Balance Sheet Title Balance Sheet Title Balance Sheet Title –––– ‘as at’ or ‘as on’ 31st ‘as at’ or ‘as on’ 31st ‘as at’ or ‘as on’ 31st ‘as at’ or ‘as on’ 31st

March March March March

� PL Title PL Title PL Title PL Title ---- Statement of Profit & Loss / I & EStatement of Profit & Loss / I & EStatement of Profit & Loss / I & EStatement of Profit & Loss / I & E

� Rounding off based on turnover.Rounding off based on turnover.Rounding off based on turnover.Rounding off based on turnover.

�< < < < RsRsRsRs. 100 Crores . 100 Crores . 100 Crores . 100 Crores ---- To the nearest hundreds, To the nearest hundreds, To the nearest hundreds, To the nearest hundreds,

thousands, lakhs or millions or decimal thousands, lakhs or millions or decimal thousands, lakhs or millions or decimal thousands, lakhs or millions or decimal

thereofthereofthereofthereof

�RsRsRsRs. 100 Crores or more . 100 Crores or more . 100 Crores or more . 100 Crores or more ---- To the nearest lakhs To the nearest lakhs To the nearest lakhs To the nearest lakhs

or millions or crores or decimal thereofor millions or crores or decimal thereofor millions or crores or decimal thereofor millions or crores or decimal thereof

� Comparative Comparative Comparative Comparative figures figures figures figures required required required required to be disclosed for to be disclosed for to be disclosed for to be disclosed for

the last reporting the last reporting the last reporting the last reporting periodperiodperiodperiod

Lunawat & Co.

GENERALGENERALGENERALGENERAL

�Linking of notes with B/S & PL Linking of notes with B/S & PL Linking of notes with B/S & PL Linking of notes with B/S & PL

�Name , DIN, designation & address of Name , DIN, designation & address of Name , DIN, designation & address of Name , DIN, designation & address of

signatories to any document signatories to any document signatories to any document signatories to any document

uploaded / filed with ROCuploaded / filed with ROCuploaded / filed with ROCuploaded / filed with ROC

�B/s & PL on letterhead of AuditorsB/s & PL on letterhead of AuditorsB/s & PL on letterhead of AuditorsB/s & PL on letterhead of Auditors ????????

�Date of signingDate of signingDate of signingDate of signing

�Payment to shareholders for 2(22)(e) Payment to shareholders for 2(22)(e) Payment to shareholders for 2(22)(e) Payment to shareholders for 2(22)(e)

Lunawat & Co.

SHARE CAPITAL & RESERVESSHARE CAPITAL & RESERVESSHARE CAPITAL & RESERVESSHARE CAPITAL & RESERVES

� Authorized Authorized Authorized Authorized / Paid up Capital / Paid up Capital / Paid up Capital / Paid up Capital –––– Check with Check with Check with Check with

Master DataMaster DataMaster DataMaster Data

� Reconciliation of no of shares outstanding at Reconciliation of no of shares outstanding at Reconciliation of no of shares outstanding at Reconciliation of no of shares outstanding at

beginning and at end of reporting period.beginning and at end of reporting period.beginning and at end of reporting period.beginning and at end of reporting period.

� RRRRightsightsightsights, preference & restrictions attaching to , preference & restrictions attaching to , preference & restrictions attaching to , preference & restrictions attaching to

each class of shares each class of shares each class of shares each class of shares etc.etc.etc.etc.

� Is Is Is Is conversion of loans into shares in event of conversion of loans into shares in event of conversion of loans into shares in event of conversion of loans into shares in event of

default in repayment default in repayment default in repayment default in repayment –––– NonNonNonNon----cash?cash?cash?cash?

� Share Premium A/c??Share Premium A/c??Share Premium A/c??Share Premium A/c??

Lunawat & Co.

BORROWINGSBORROWINGSBORROWINGSBORROWINGS� Long Term vs. Short Long Term vs. Short Long Term vs. Short Long Term vs. Short Term Term Term Term

�Directors??Directors??Directors??Directors??

� CC Limits?? Demand Loans??CC Limits?? Demand Loans??CC Limits?? Demand Loans??CC Limits?? Demand Loans??

� Secured /unsecured Secured /unsecured Secured /unsecured Secured /unsecured –––– nature of security to be nature of security to be nature of security to be nature of security to be stated stated stated stated & & & & guaranteed by directors to be shown guaranteed by directors to be shown guaranteed by directors to be shown guaranteed by directors to be shown separately.separately.separately.separately.

� Term of repayment of term loans to be givenTerm of repayment of term loans to be givenTerm of repayment of term loans to be givenTerm of repayment of term loans to be given

� Period of maturity with respect to B/S datePeriod of maturity with respect to B/S datePeriod of maturity with respect to B/S datePeriod of maturity with respect to B/S date

�Number of installments Number of installments Number of installments Number of installments due; due; due; due; AmtAmtAmtAmt of installments dueof installments dueof installments dueof installments due

� Applicable rate of interestApplicable rate of interestApplicable rate of interestApplicable rate of interest

� Period Period Period Period & amount of default in payment of & amount of default in payment of & amount of default in payment of & amount of default in payment of

principal principal principal principal & & & & interest as on interest as on interest as on interest as on B/S B/S B/S B/S datedatedatedate

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIESOTHER CURRENT LIABILITIESOTHER CURRENT LIABILITIESOTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES� The amount shall be classified as:The amount shall be classified as:The amount shall be classified as:The amount shall be classified as:

� Current maturities of long term debtsCurrent maturities of long term debtsCurrent maturities of long term debtsCurrent maturities of long term debts

� Current maturities of finance lease obligationsCurrent maturities of finance lease obligationsCurrent maturities of finance lease obligationsCurrent maturities of finance lease obligations

� Interest accrued but not due on borrowingsInterest accrued but not due on borrowingsInterest accrued but not due on borrowingsInterest accrued but not due on borrowings

� Interest accrued and due on borrowingsInterest accrued and due on borrowingsInterest accrued and due on borrowingsInterest accrued and due on borrowings

� Income received in advanceIncome received in advanceIncome received in advanceIncome received in advance

� Unpaid dividendsUnpaid dividendsUnpaid dividendsUnpaid dividends

� Share Application money due for refund and interest Share Application money due for refund and interest Share Application money due for refund and interest Share Application money due for refund and interest accrued thereon (including advances for allotment of accrued thereon (including advances for allotment of accrued thereon (including advances for allotment of accrued thereon (including advances for allotment of share Capital)share Capital)share Capital)share Capital)

� Unpaid matured deposit and interest thereonUnpaid matured deposit and interest thereonUnpaid matured deposit and interest thereonUnpaid matured deposit and interest thereon

� Unpaid matured debentures and interest thereonUnpaid matured debentures and interest thereonUnpaid matured debentures and interest thereonUnpaid matured debentures and interest thereon

� Other payablesOther payablesOther payablesOther payables

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES � Others payable may include:Others payable may include:Others payable may include:Others payable may include:

� Statutory obligations like, ESI, PF, VAT, CST, etc.Statutory obligations like, ESI, PF, VAT, CST, etc.Statutory obligations like, ESI, PF, VAT, CST, etc.Statutory obligations like, ESI, PF, VAT, CST, etc.

� Liability for purchase of fixed assetsLiability for purchase of fixed assetsLiability for purchase of fixed assetsLiability for purchase of fixed assets

� Contractually reimbursable expensesContractually reimbursable expensesContractually reimbursable expensesContractually reimbursable expenses

� Interest accrued on trade payablesInterest accrued on trade payablesInterest accrued on trade payablesInterest accrued on trade payables

� Expenses Payable.Expenses Payable.Expenses Payable.Expenses Payable.

� TDS PayableTDS PayableTDS PayableTDS Payable

� Trade / Security DepositTrade / Security DepositTrade / Security DepositTrade / Security Deposit

�MarkMarkMarkMark----totototo----market loss on forward and option market loss on forward and option market loss on forward and option market loss on forward and option contractscontractscontractscontracts

�Retention MoniesRetention MoniesRetention MoniesRetention Monies

� Accrued salaries and benefitsAccrued salaries and benefitsAccrued salaries and benefitsAccrued salaries and benefits

Lunawat & Co.

FIXED ASSETSFIXED ASSETSFIXED ASSETSFIXED ASSETS

�Fixed Asset on the face of the Balance Fixed Asset on the face of the Balance Fixed Asset on the face of the Balance Fixed Asset on the face of the Balance

Sheet has to be classified as follows:Sheet has to be classified as follows:Sheet has to be classified as follows:Sheet has to be classified as follows:

�Tangible AssetsTangible AssetsTangible AssetsTangible Assets

� Intangible AssetsIntangible AssetsIntangible AssetsIntangible Assets

�SoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftware

�Capital workCapital workCapital workCapital work----inininin----progressprogressprogressprogress

� Intangible assets under developmentIntangible assets under developmentIntangible assets under developmentIntangible assets under development

�Capital advances Capital advances Capital advances Capital advances to to to to be grouped as be grouped as be grouped as be grouped as

Capital WorkCapital WorkCapital WorkCapital Work----inininin----Progress Progress Progress Progress or loans or loans or loans or loans and and and and

advancesadvancesadvancesadvances? Long term or short term?? Long term or short term?? Long term or short term?? Long term or short term?

Lunawat & Co.

INVENTORIESINVENTORIESINVENTORIESINVENTORIES

�Classification into:Classification into:Classification into:Classification into:� Raw MaterialsRaw MaterialsRaw MaterialsRaw Materials

� WorkWorkWorkWork----inininin----progressprogressprogressprogress

� Finished goodsFinished goodsFinished goodsFinished goods

� StockStockStockStock----inininin----trade (trading goods)trade (trading goods)trade (trading goods)trade (trading goods)

� Stores and sparesStores and sparesStores and sparesStores and spares

� Loose toolsLoose toolsLoose toolsLoose tools

� Others (specifying nature)Others (specifying nature)Others (specifying nature)Others (specifying nature)

� Finished goods should include all goods except Finished goods should include all goods except Finished goods should include all goods except Finished goods should include all goods except

acquired for trading purposesacquired for trading purposesacquired for trading purposesacquired for trading purposes

� GoodsGoodsGoodsGoods----inininin----transit transit transit transit ----disclose under relevant subdisclose under relevant subdisclose under relevant subdisclose under relevant sub----headheadheadhead

� Mode of valuation to be statedMode of valuation to be statedMode of valuation to be statedMode of valuation to be stated

Lunawat & Co.

REVENUE FROM OPERATIONSREVENUE FROM OPERATIONSREVENUE FROM OPERATIONSREVENUE FROM OPERATIONS

� For companies other than finance company:For companies other than finance company:For companies other than finance company:For companies other than finance company:

� Sale of ProductsSale of ProductsSale of ProductsSale of Products

� Sale of ServicesSale of ServicesSale of ServicesSale of Services

�Other Operating RevenuesOther Operating RevenuesOther Operating RevenuesOther Operating Revenues

�Less: Excise DutyLess: Excise DutyLess: Excise DutyLess: Excise Duty

� For Finance company:For Finance company:For Finance company:For Finance company:

� InterestInterestInterestInterest

�Other Financial servicesOther Financial servicesOther Financial servicesOther Financial services

� As per AS 9 presentation for excise duty As per AS 9 presentation for excise duty As per AS 9 presentation for excise duty As per AS 9 presentation for excise duty ---- on on on on

face of PLface of PLface of PLface of PL

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER INCOMEOTHER INCOMEOTHER INCOMEOTHER INCOME� To be classified as:To be classified as:To be classified as:To be classified as:

� Interest income (other than for finance company)Interest income (other than for finance company)Interest income (other than for finance company)Interest income (other than for finance company)

�DividendDividendDividendDividend

�Dividend from subsidiary companyDividend from subsidiary companyDividend from subsidiary companyDividend from subsidiary company

�Net gain / loss on sale of investmentsNet gain / loss on sale of investmentsNet gain / loss on sale of investmentsNet gain / loss on sale of investments

�Other nonOther nonOther nonOther non----operating income operating income operating income operating income

� Interest, dividend, etc. to be disclosed separately Interest, dividend, etc. to be disclosed separately Interest, dividend, etc. to be disclosed separately Interest, dividend, etc. to be disclosed separately

for Current as well as Non Current Investmentsfor Current as well as Non Current Investmentsfor Current as well as Non Current Investmentsfor Current as well as Non Current Investments

Lunawat & Co.

EXPENSESEXPENSESEXPENSESEXPENSES

Disclosure on face of the PL:Disclosure on face of the PL:Disclosure on face of the PL:Disclosure on face of the PL:

� Cost of material consumedCost of material consumedCost of material consumedCost of material consumed

� Purchase of stockPurchase of stockPurchase of stockPurchase of stock----inininin----tradetradetradetrade

� Changes in inventories of finished goods Changes in inventories of finished goods Changes in inventories of finished goods Changes in inventories of finished goods

WorkWorkWorkWork----inininin----progress and stock in tradeprogress and stock in tradeprogress and stock in tradeprogress and stock in trade

� Employee benefit expensesEmployee benefit expensesEmployee benefit expensesEmployee benefit expenses

� Finance costFinance costFinance costFinance cost

� Depreciation and amortization expensesDepreciation and amortization expensesDepreciation and amortization expensesDepreciation and amortization expenses

� Other expenses.Other expenses.Other expenses.Other expenses.

Lunawat & Co.

FINANCE COSTFINANCE COSTFINANCE COSTFINANCE COST� Interest expenseInterest expenseInterest expenseInterest expense

� Interest on borrowings, debentures, bonds, etc.Interest on borrowings, debentures, bonds, etc.Interest on borrowings, debentures, bonds, etc.Interest on borrowings, debentures, bonds, etc.

� Finance charges on finance lease are in nature of interestFinance charges on finance lease are in nature of interestFinance charges on finance lease are in nature of interestFinance charges on finance lease are in nature of interest

� Other borrowing costsOther borrowing costsOther borrowing costsOther borrowing costs� Commitment chargesCommitment chargesCommitment chargesCommitment charges

� Loan processing chargesLoan processing chargesLoan processing chargesLoan processing charges

� Guarantee chargesGuarantee chargesGuarantee chargesGuarantee charges

� Loan facilitation chargesLoan facilitation chargesLoan facilitation chargesLoan facilitation charges

� Discounts/ premium on borrowingsDiscounts/ premium on borrowingsDiscounts/ premium on borrowingsDiscounts/ premium on borrowings

� Other ancillary Other ancillary Other ancillary Other ancillary costscostscostscosts

� Applicable net loss on foreign currency transactions to Applicable net loss on foreign currency transactions to Applicable net loss on foreign currency transactions to Applicable net loss on foreign currency transactions to

the extent they are regarded as adjust to interest cost the extent they are regarded as adjust to interest cost the extent they are regarded as adjust to interest cost the extent they are regarded as adjust to interest cost

� Interest on Tax???Interest on Tax???Interest on Tax???Interest on Tax???

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER EXPENSESOTHER EXPENSESOTHER EXPENSESOTHER EXPENSES� All other expenses will be grouped here. Following to be All other expenses will be grouped here. Following to be All other expenses will be grouped here. Following to be All other expenses will be grouped here. Following to be

disclosed separately:disclosed separately:disclosed separately:disclosed separately:

� Consumption of stores and spares Consumption of stores and spares Consumption of stores and spares Consumption of stores and spares

� Power and fuelPower and fuelPower and fuelPower and fuel

� RentRentRentRent

� Repairs to buildingsRepairs to buildingsRepairs to buildingsRepairs to buildings

� Repairs to machineryRepairs to machineryRepairs to machineryRepairs to machinery

� InsuranceInsuranceInsuranceInsurance

� Rates and taxes, excluding taxes on incomeRates and taxes, excluding taxes on incomeRates and taxes, excluding taxes on incomeRates and taxes, excluding taxes on income

� Miscellaneous expensesMiscellaneous expensesMiscellaneous expensesMiscellaneous expenses

� Any expenditure which exceeds 1% of revenue from Any expenditure which exceeds 1% of revenue from Any expenditure which exceeds 1% of revenue from Any expenditure which exceeds 1% of revenue from

operations or Rs.1 L whichever is higher operations or Rs.1 L whichever is higher operations or Rs.1 L whichever is higher operations or Rs.1 L whichever is higher ---- separateseparateseparateseparate

Lunawat & Co.

Lunawat & Co.

Entities that are to Entities that are to Entities that are to Entities that are to follow ASfollow ASfollow ASfollow AS

Corporate Corporate Corporate Corporate

Companies Companies Companies Companies (Accounting (Accounting (Accounting (Accounting Standards) Standards) Standards) Standards) Rules, 2006Rules, 2006Rules, 2006Rules, 2006

IndIndIndInd ASASASAS ICDSICDSICDSICDS

NonNonNonNon----CorporateCorporateCorporateCorporate

AS issued AS issued AS issued AS issued by ICAIby ICAIby ICAIby ICAI

ICDSICDSICDSICDS

Lunawat & Co.Lunawat & Co.Lunawat & Co.Lunawat & Co.

ACCOUNTING STANDARDSACCOUNTING STANDARDSACCOUNTING STANDARDSACCOUNTING STANDARDS

AS DISCLOSURES IN NOTESAS DISCLOSURES IN NOTESAS DISCLOSURES IN NOTESAS DISCLOSURES IN NOTES�SMC / NonSMC / NonSMC / NonSMC / Non---- SMCSMCSMCSMC

�AS 1AS 1AS 1AS 1

�FS to be prepared FS to be prepared FS to be prepared FS to be prepared in compliance of in compliance of in compliance of in compliance of

ASASASAS

�FS has to be AS compliant:FS has to be AS compliant:FS has to be AS compliant:FS has to be AS compliant:

�FS to disclose deviation from ASFS to disclose deviation from ASFS to disclose deviation from ASFS to disclose deviation from AS

�Reason for deviationReason for deviationReason for deviationReason for deviation

�Financial effect arising of deviationFinancial effect arising of deviationFinancial effect arising of deviationFinancial effect arising of deviation

Lunawat & Co.

AS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITYAS

No.

Short Title Corporate Non- Corporate Entities

Non-SMC SMC Level I Level II Level III

1 Accounting Policies Y Y Y Y Y

2 Inventories Y Y Y Y Y

3 Cash Flow Y N (C) Y N N

4 Events after Balance Sheet date Y Y Y Y Y

5 Prior Period Items & Policies Y Y Y Y Y

6 Depreciation Y Y Y Y Y

7 Construction Y Y Y Y Y

9 Revenue Y Y Y Y Y

10 Fixed Assets Y Y Y Y Y

11 Foreign Exchange Y Y Y Y Y

12 Government Grants Y Y Y Y Y

13 Investments Y Y Y Y Y

14 Amalgamations Y Y Y Y Y

15 Employee Benefits Y Partly Y Partly Partly


AS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITYAS APPLICABILITY16 Borrowing Cost Y Y Y Y Y

17 Segment Y N Y N N

18 Related Party Y Y Y Y N

19 Leases Y Partly Y Partly Partly

20 Earning Per Share Y Partly Y Partly Partly

21 Consolidation Y (listed) N (C) Y (listed) N N

22 Deferred Taxes Y Y Y Y Y

23 Consolidated Statements Y (listed) N (C) Y (listed) N N

24 Discontinuing Operation Y Y Y Y N

25 Interim Reporting Y (listed) N** Y (listed) N** N**

26 Intangible Assets Y Y Y Y Y

27 Interest in Joint Ventures Y (listed) N (C) Y (listed) N N

28 Impairment Y Partly Y Partly Partly

29 Contingency Y Partly Y Partly Partly

30- 32 Financial Instruments N*** N*** **** **** ****


IMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTES� Contingent Liabilities Contingent Liabilities Contingent Liabilities Contingent Liabilities / Commitments / Commitments / Commitments / Commitments (to the (to the (to the (to the extent not provided for)extent not provided for)extent not provided for)extent not provided for)

� Broad Broad Broad Broad Heads Heads Heads Heads –––– RM , Income, PurchasesRM , Income, PurchasesRM , Income, PurchasesRM , Income, Purchases

� Value of imports made during the year on CIF Value of imports made during the year on CIF Value of imports made during the year on CIF Value of imports made during the year on CIF

basisbasisbasisbasis::::----

�Raw MaterialsRaw MaterialsRaw MaterialsRaw Materials

�Components (intermediaries & components) & Components (intermediaries & components) & Components (intermediaries & components) & Components (intermediaries & components) &

Spare Parts (for capital equipment)Spare Parts (for capital equipment)Spare Parts (for capital equipment)Spare Parts (for capital equipment)

�Capital GoodsCapital GoodsCapital GoodsCapital Goods

Lunawat & Co.

IMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTES

� ExpnExpnExpnExpn. in foreign currency (accrual basis) on:. in foreign currency (accrual basis) on:. in foreign currency (accrual basis) on:. in foreign currency (accrual basis) on:

�RoyaltyRoyaltyRoyaltyRoyalty

� KnowKnowKnowKnow----howhowhowhow

� Professional & consultation feeProfessional & consultation feeProfessional & consultation feeProfessional & consultation fee

� InterestInterestInterestInterest

�OthersOthersOthersOthers

� Dividend if Dividend if Dividend if Dividend if paid in paid in paid in paid in FC (cash Basis):FC (cash Basis):FC (cash Basis):FC (cash Basis):

� Total amount remitted during the year in Total amount remitted during the year in Total amount remitted during the year in Total amount remitted during the year in FCFCFCFC

� Total Total Total Total no. no. no. no. of nonof nonof nonof non----resident shareholdersresident shareholdersresident shareholdersresident shareholders

�NNNNo. o. o. o. of shares held by them on which dividend of shares held by them on which dividend of shares held by them on which dividend of shares held by them on which dividend duedueduedue

� Year to which dividend relatesYear to which dividend relatesYear to which dividend relatesYear to which dividend relates

Lunawat & Co.

IMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTESIMPORTANT NOTES

�Foreign Exchange Earnings (Accrual Foreign Exchange Earnings (Accrual Foreign Exchange Earnings (Accrual Foreign Exchange Earnings (Accrual

basis):basis):basis):basis):

�Export of goods (calculated on F.O.B. basis)Export of goods (calculated on F.O.B. basis)Export of goods (calculated on F.O.B. basis)Export of goods (calculated on F.O.B. basis)

�Royalty, know how, professional and Royalty, know how, professional and Royalty, know how, professional and Royalty, know how, professional and

consultation feesconsultation feesconsultation feesconsultation fees

� Interest and dividendsInterest and dividendsInterest and dividendsInterest and dividends

�Other income (indicating the nature thereof)Other income (indicating the nature thereof)Other income (indicating the nature thereof)Other income (indicating the nature thereof)

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES IN NOTESIN NOTESIN NOTESIN NOTES� To disclose in FS full particulars of:To disclose in FS full particulars of:To disclose in FS full particulars of:To disclose in FS full particulars of:

� Loan given;Loan given;Loan given;Loan given;

� Investment made;Investment made;Investment made;Investment made;

�Guarantee given; or Guarantee given; or Guarantee given; or Guarantee given; or

� Security Provided.Security Provided.Security Provided.Security Provided.

� Purpose for which loan or guarantee or security is Purpose for which loan or guarantee or security is Purpose for which loan or guarantee or security is Purpose for which loan or guarantee or security is

proposed to be proposed to be proposed to be proposed to be utilisedutilisedutilisedutilised by recipient of loan or by recipient of loan or by recipient of loan or by recipient of loan or

guarantee or security [186(4)]guarantee or security [186(4)]guarantee or security [186(4)]guarantee or security [186(4)]

� Contribution during Contribution during Contribution during Contribution during yryryryr to National to National to National to National DefenceDefenceDefenceDefence FundFundFundFund

� AAAAmount contributed to Political Party and name mount contributed to Political Party and name mount contributed to Political Party and name mount contributed to Political Party and name

of party of party of party of party [182(3)][182(3)][182(3)][182(3)]

Lunawat & Co.

OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES OTHER DISCLOSURES IN NOTESIN NOTESIN NOTESIN NOTES

� Public Companies:Public Companies:Public Companies:Public Companies:

�Money received from directorMoney received from directorMoney received from directorMoney received from director

� Private companiesPrivate companiesPrivate companiesPrivate companies

�Money received from directorMoney received from directorMoney received from directorMoney received from director

�Money received from Money received from Money received from Money received from relative of directorrelative of directorrelative of directorrelative of director

Lunawat & Co.

RELATED PARTYRELATED PARTYRELATED PARTYRELATED PARTY

Accounting Accounting Accounting Accounting StandardsStandardsStandardsStandards

AS 18AS 18AS 18AS 18

Companies Companies Companies Companies ActActActAct

S. 2(76)S. 2(76)S. 2(76)S. 2(76)

S. 184S. 184S. 184S. 184 S. 188S. 188S. 188S. 188

Income TaxIncome TaxIncome TaxIncome Tax

40A(2)(b)40A(2)(b)40A(2)(b)40A(2)(b)

Lunawat & Co.

AUDITAUDITAUDITAUDITLunawat & Co.

Lunawat & Co.

AUDIT PROCEDUREAUDIT PROCEDUREAUDIT PROCEDUREAUDIT PROCEDURE

AppointmentAppointmentAppointmentAppointment EngagementEngagementEngagementEngagementUnderstanding Understanding Understanding Understanding

the Clientthe Clientthe Clientthe Client

PlanningPlanningPlanningPlanning

• MaterialityMaterialityMaterialityMateriality

• Risk AssessmentRisk AssessmentRisk AssessmentRisk Assessment

ExecutionExecutionExecutionExecution•Audit ProgramAudit ProgramAudit ProgramAudit Program

•ChecklistsChecklistsChecklistsChecklists

•SAsSAsSAsSAs

RepresentationsRepresentationsRepresentationsRepresentations

•MRMRMRMR

•CertificatesCertificatesCertificatesCertificates

ReportingReportingReportingReportingBillings / Billings / Billings / Billings / CollectionsCollectionsCollectionsCollections

Lunawat & Co.

PROCEDURE FOR 1PROCEDURE FOR 1PROCEDURE FOR 1PROCEDURE FOR 1STSTSTST APPOINTMENTAPPOINTMENTAPPOINTMENTAPPOINTMENT

Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to consider consider consider consider

qualification & qualification & qualification & qualification & experience of experience of experience of experience of auditor auditor auditor auditor –––– To be To be To be To be

commensurate with commensurate with commensurate with commensurate with size & requirements size & requirements size & requirements size & requirements

of coof coof coof co

Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to consider completed consider completed consider completed consider completed

& pending & pending & pending & pending proceedings against proceedings against proceedings against proceedings against auditor before ICAI / auditor before ICAI / auditor before ICAI / auditor before ICAI / NFRA / Tribunal / NFRA / Tribunal / NFRA / Tribunal / NFRA / Tribunal /

Other Court. Other Court. Other Court. Other Court.

Obtain written Obtain written Obtain written Obtain written consent + consent + consent + consent +

certificate from certificate from certificate from certificate from proposed auditor. proposed auditor. proposed auditor. proposed auditor.

Certificate to include Certificate to include Certificate to include Certificate to include satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. 141 conditions by 141 conditions by 141 conditions by 141 conditions by

auditorauditorauditorauditor

Board to appoint Board to appoint Board to appoint Board to appoint within 30 days of within 30 days of within 30 days of within 30 days of incorporationincorporationincorporationincorporation

If Board fails, If Board fails, If Board fails, If Board fails, appoint in EGM appoint in EGM appoint in EGM appoint in EGM within 90 days of within 90 days of within 90 days of within 90 days of Board informing Board informing Board informing Board informing

membersmembersmembersmembers

Inform auditor and Inform auditor and Inform auditor and Inform auditor and option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 with ROC within 15 with ROC within 15 with ROC within 15 with ROC within 15

daysdaysdaysdays

Lunawat & Co.

PROCEDURE FOR APPOINTMENTPROCEDURE FOR APPOINTMENTPROCEDURE FOR APPOINTMENTPROCEDURE FOR APPOINTMENTBoard/AC to consider qualification & Board/AC to consider qualification & Board/AC to consider qualification & Board/AC to consider qualification & experience of auditor experience of auditor experience of auditor experience of auditor –––– To be commensurate To be commensurate To be commensurate To be commensurate with size & requirements of cowith size & requirements of cowith size & requirements of cowith size & requirements of co

Board/AC to consider completed & pending Board/AC to consider completed & pending Board/AC to consider completed & pending Board/AC to consider completed & pending proceedings against auditor before ICAI / proceedings against auditor before ICAI / proceedings against auditor before ICAI / proceedings against auditor before ICAI / NFRA / Tribunal / Other Court. NFRA / Tribunal / Other Court. NFRA / Tribunal / Other Court. NFRA / Tribunal / Other Court.

Obtain written consent + certificate from Obtain written consent + certificate from Obtain written consent + certificate from Obtain written consent + certificate from proposed auditor. Certificate to include proposed auditor. Certificate to include proposed auditor. Certificate to include proposed auditor. Certificate to include satisfaction of s. 141 conditions by auditorsatisfaction of s. 141 conditions by auditorsatisfaction of s. 141 conditions by auditorsatisfaction of s. 141 conditions by auditor

Appointment is to be done in AGM for 5 Appointment is to be done in AGM for 5 Appointment is to be done in AGM for 5 Appointment is to be done in AGM for 5 years. Ratification to be done annually.years. Ratification to be done annually.years. Ratification to be done annually.years. Ratification to be done annually.

Inform auditor and file ADT 1 with ROC within Inform auditor and file ADT 1 with ROC within Inform auditor and file ADT 1 with ROC within Inform auditor and file ADT 1 with ROC within 15 days of appointment 15 days of appointment 15 days of appointment 15 days of appointment

Lunawat & Co.

CASUAL VACANCYCASUAL VACANCYCASUAL VACANCYCASUAL VACANCY

Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to Board/AC to consider consider consider consider

qualification & qualification & qualification & qualification & experience , etc.. experience , etc.. experience , etc.. experience , etc.. And pending And pending And pending And pending proceedingsproceedingsproceedingsproceedings

Obtain written Obtain written Obtain written Obtain written consent + consent + consent + consent +

certificate from certificate from certificate from certificate from proposed auditor. proposed auditor. proposed auditor. proposed auditor.

Certificate to include Certificate to include Certificate to include Certificate to include satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. satisfaction of s. 141 conditions by 141 conditions by 141 conditions by 141 conditions by

auditorauditorauditorauditor

Board to fill within Board to fill within Board to fill within Board to fill within 30 days of vacancy30 days of vacancy30 days of vacancy30 days of vacancy

If vacancy due to If vacancy due to If vacancy due to If vacancy due to resignation, resignation, resignation, resignation, approval also approval also approval also approval also

required in EGM required in EGM required in EGM required in EGM within 90 days of within 90 days of within 90 days of within 90 days of

Board’s Board’s Board’s Board’s recommendationrecommendationrecommendationrecommendation

Inform auditor and Inform auditor and Inform auditor and Inform auditor and option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 option to file ADT 1 in 15 days with ROCin 15 days with ROCin 15 days with ROCin 15 days with ROC

RESIGNATIONRESIGNATIONRESIGNATIONRESIGNATION

� Auditor may resign before his term.Auditor may resign before his term.Auditor may resign before his term.Auditor may resign before his term.

� To file a statement with ROC in ADTTo file a statement with ROC in ADTTo file a statement with ROC in ADTTo file a statement with ROC in ADT----3 as 3 as 3 as 3 as

well as the Co. well as the Co. well as the Co. well as the Co. within 30 days, indicating within 30 days, indicating within 30 days, indicating within 30 days, indicating

reasons reasons reasons reasons

� In case of Government companies to be In case of Government companies to be In case of Government companies to be In case of Government companies to be

filed with CAG too.filed with CAG too.filed with CAG too.filed with CAG too.

� Non compliance Non compliance Non compliance Non compliance –––– fine on auditor:fine on auditor:fine on auditor:fine on auditor:

�Minimum Minimum Minimum Minimum –––– 50K 50K 50K 50K

�Maximum Maximum Maximum Maximum ---- 500K500K500K500K

Lunawat & Co.

AUDITING STANDARDSAUDITING STANDARDSAUDITING STANDARDSAUDITING STANDARDS

� Auditor to comply with auditing standardsAuditor to comply with auditing standardsAuditor to comply with auditing standardsAuditor to comply with auditing standards

� NFRA to notify auditing standards. Till NFRA NFRA to notify auditing standards. Till NFRA NFRA to notify auditing standards. Till NFRA NFRA to notify auditing standards. Till NFRA

does does does does –––– as by ICAIas by ICAIas by ICAIas by ICAI

� Total 38 SAsTotal 38 SAsTotal 38 SAsTotal 38 SAs

Lunawat & Co.

SA. No.SA. No.SA. No.SA. No. SubSubSubSub----divisiondivisiondivisiondivision No.No.No.No.

100100100100----199199199199 Introductory Matters Introductory Matters Introductory Matters Introductory Matters 0000

200200200200----299299299299 General Principles & Responsibilities General Principles & Responsibilities General Principles & Responsibilities General Principles & Responsibilities 9999

300300300300----499499499499 Risk Assessment and Response to Assessed Risks Risk Assessment and Response to Assessed Risks Risk Assessment and Response to Assessed Risks Risk Assessment and Response to Assessed Risks 6666

500500500500----599599599599 Audit EvidenceAudit EvidenceAudit EvidenceAudit Evidence 11111111

600600600600----699699699699 Using Work of Others Using Work of Others Using Work of Others Using Work of Others 3333

700700700700----799799799799 Audit Conclusions and Reporting Audit Conclusions and Reporting Audit Conclusions and Reporting Audit Conclusions and Reporting 6666

800800800800----899899899899 Specialized Areas Specialized Areas Specialized Areas Specialized Areas 3333

Lunawat & Co.

Audit ReportsAudit ReportsAudit ReportsAudit Reports

Companies Companies Companies Companies ActActActAct

CAROCAROCAROCARONonNonNonNon----CAROCAROCAROCARO

Other ActsOther ActsOther ActsOther Acts

Tax Tax Tax Tax AuditAuditAuditAudit

Form Form Form Form 3CA3CA3CA3CA

Form Form Form Form 3CB3CB3CB3CB

LLPLLPLLPLLP SocietySocietySocietySociety

COMPNY’SCOMPNY’SCOMPNY’SCOMPNY’S AUDIT REPORTAUDIT REPORTAUDIT REPORTAUDIT REPORT� Inquiry u/s 143(1) Inquiry u/s 143(1) Inquiry u/s 143(1) Inquiry u/s 143(1) –––– 6 points 6 points 6 points 6 points

�To be reported when comments To be reported when comments To be reported when comments To be reported when comments

requiredrequiredrequiredrequired

�Report to also include:Report to also include:Report to also include:Report to also include:

�Matters specified u/s 143(3) Matters specified u/s 143(3) Matters specified u/s 143(3) Matters specified u/s 143(3) ---- 9 points9 points9 points9 points

�Matters specified in Rules Matters specified in Rules Matters specified in Rules Matters specified in Rules ---- 3 points3 points3 points3 points

�Any Any Any Any order made order made order made order made u/s 143(3) for u/s 143(3) for u/s 143(3) for u/s 143(3) for

specified Companies in consultation specified Companies in consultation specified Companies in consultation specified Companies in consultation

with NFRA with NFRA with NFRA with NFRA –––– CARO 2016 CARO 2016 CARO 2016 CARO 2016 –––– 16 points16 points16 points16 points

Lunawat & Co.

Lunawat & Co.

ICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTINGLunawat & Co.

CompanyCompanyCompanyCompany

SmallSmallSmallSmall

ComplexComplexComplexComplex

SeparateSeparateSeparateSeparate

Less Less Less Less ComplexComplexComplexComplex

CombinedCombinedCombinedCombined

LargeLargeLargeLarge

ComplexComplexComplexComplex

SeparateSeparateSeparateSeparate

Less Less Less Less ComplexComplexComplexComplex

CombinedCombinedCombinedCombined

LESS COMPLEX LESS COMPLEX LESS COMPLEX LESS COMPLEX � Concentration of ownership Concentration of ownership Concentration of ownership Concentration of ownership & & & & management in a small management in a small management in a small management in a small

number of individuals; number of individuals; number of individuals; number of individuals;

� Straightforward Straightforward Straightforward Straightforward or uncomplicated transactions; or uncomplicated transactions; or uncomplicated transactions; or uncomplicated transactions;

� Simple Simple Simple Simple recordrecordrecordrecord----keeping/centralized accounting; keeping/centralized accounting; keeping/centralized accounting; keeping/centralized accounting;

� Few Few Few Few lines of business &lines of business &lines of business &lines of business & few products within business few products within business few products within business few products within business lineslineslineslines;;;;

� Few Few Few Few internal controls; internal controls; internal controls; internal controls;

� Few Few Few Few levels of management with responsibility for a levels of management with responsibility for a levels of management with responsibility for a levels of management with responsibility for a broad range of controls;broad range of controls;broad range of controls;broad range of controls;

� Few Few Few Few personnel, many having a wide range of duties;personnel, many having a wide range of duties;personnel, many having a wide range of duties;personnel, many having a wide range of duties;

� Use Use Use Use of less complex IT systems;of less complex IT systems;of less complex IT systems;of less complex IT systems;

� Extensive Extensive Extensive Extensive involvement by involvement by involvement by involvement by owners & owners & owners & owners & senior management senior management senior management senior management in the dayin the dayin the dayin the day----totototo----day activities of the businessday activities of the businessday activities of the businessday activities of the business.

Lunawat & Co.

ICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTINGICFR REPORTING�Take Engagement LetterTake Engagement LetterTake Engagement LetterTake Engagement Letter

�Perform proceduresPerform proceduresPerform proceduresPerform procedures

�Take Representation LetterTake Representation LetterTake Representation LetterTake Representation Letter

�Issue Separate / Combined ReportIssue Separate / Combined ReportIssue Separate / Combined ReportIssue Separate / Combined Report

�UnmodifiedUnmodifiedUnmodifiedUnmodified

�ModifiedModifiedModifiedModified

�QualifiedQualifiedQualifiedQualified

�AdverseAdverseAdverseAdverse

�DisclaimerDisclaimerDisclaimerDisclaimer

Lunawat & Co.

ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ---- QUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDLunawat & Co.

Due to Due to Due to Due to adequacy adequacy adequacy adequacy

(and therefore (and therefore (and therefore (and therefore

operating operating operating operating

effectiveness)effectiveness)effectiveness)effectiveness)

• The Company The Company The Company The Company did not have an appropriate did not have an appropriate did not have an appropriate did not have an appropriate

internal control system internal control system internal control system internal control system for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance,

credit evaluation and establishing customer credit evaluation and establishing customer credit evaluation and establishing customer credit evaluation and establishing customer

credit limits for sales, which could potentially credit limits for sales, which could potentially credit limits for sales, which could potentially credit limits for sales, which could potentially

result in the Company recognising revenue result in the Company recognising revenue result in the Company recognising revenue result in the Company recognising revenue

without establishing reasonable certainty of without establishing reasonable certainty of without establishing reasonable certainty of without establishing reasonable certainty of

ultimate collectionultimate collectionultimate collectionultimate collection

• ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the

material weakness/material weakness/material weakness/material weakness/eseseses described above on the described above on the described above on the described above on the

achievement of the objectives of the control achievement of the objectives of the control achievement of the objectives of the control achievement of the objectives of the control

criteria, criteria, criteria, criteria, the Company has maintained, in all the Company has maintained, in all the Company has maintained, in all the Company has maintained, in all

material respects, adequate internal financial material respects, adequate internal financial material respects, adequate internal financial material respects, adequate internal financial

controls over financial reporting as on..controls over financial reporting as on..controls over financial reporting as on..controls over financial reporting as on..

• …these material weakness/…these material weakness/…these material weakness/…these material weakness/eseseses do not affect our do not affect our do not affect our do not affect our

opinion on the standalone financial statements opinion on the standalone financial statements opinion on the standalone financial statements opinion on the standalone financial statements

of the Companyof the Companyof the Companyof the Company

ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ---- ADVERSEADVERSEADVERSEADVERSELunawat & Co.

Due to Due to Due to Due to adequacy adequacy adequacy adequacy

(and therefore (and therefore (and therefore (and therefore


effectiveness)effectiveness)effectiveness)effectiveness)


internal control system internal control system internal control system internal control system for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance, for customer acceptance,

credit evaluation and …...credit evaluation and …...credit evaluation and …...credit evaluation and …...


internal control system for inventory internal control system for inventory internal control system for inventory internal control system for inventory with regard with regard with regard with regard

to receipts, issue for production and physical to receipts, issue for production and physical to receipts, issue for production and physical to receipts, issue for production and physical

verification. Further, the internal control system verification. Further, the internal control system verification. Further, the internal control system verification. Further, the internal control system

for identification and allocation of overheads to for identification and allocation of overheads to for identification and allocation of overheads to for identification and allocation of overheads to

inventory was also not adequate. These could inventory was also not adequate. These could inventory was also not adequate. These could inventory was also not adequate. These could

potentially result in material misstatements in potentially result in material misstatements in potentially result in material misstatements in potentially result in material misstatements in

the Company’s trade payables, consumption, the Company’s trade payables, consumption, the Company’s trade payables, consumption, the Company’s trade payables, consumption,

inventory and expense account balances.inventory and expense account balances.inventory and expense account balances.inventory and expense account balances.

• …the Company …the Company …the Company …the Company has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate

internal financial controls internal financial controls internal financial controls internal financial controls over financial reportingover financial reportingover financial reportingover financial reporting


opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the


ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ---- QUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDQUALIFIEDLunawat & Co.

Qualified Qualified Qualified Qualified ---- Due to Due to Due to Due to


effectivenesseffectivenesseffectivenesseffectiveness

Unmodified Unmodified Unmodified Unmodified –––– On On On On

AdequacyAdequacyAdequacyAdequacy

• The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s internal financial controls over internal financial controls over internal financial controls over internal financial controls over

customer acceptancecustomer acceptancecustomer acceptancecustomer acceptance, credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and

establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales,

were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively which could which could which could which could

potentially result in the Company recognising potentially result in the Company recognising potentially result in the Company recognising potentially result in the Company recognising

revenue without establishing reasonable revenue without establishing reasonable revenue without establishing reasonable revenue without establishing reasonable

certainty of ultimate collectioncertainty of ultimate collectioncertainty of ultimate collectioncertainty of ultimate collection

• ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the ..except for the effects/possible effects of the

material weakness/material weakness/material weakness/material weakness/eseseses described above on the described above on the described above on the described above on the


criteria, criteria, criteria, criteria, the Company’s internal financial controls the Company’s internal financial controls the Company’s internal financial controls the Company’s internal financial controls

over financial reporting were operating over financial reporting were operating over financial reporting were operating over financial reporting were operating

effectively as on..effectively as on..effectively as on..effectively as on..



of the Companyof the Companyof the Companyof the Company


Due to Due to Due to Due to operating operating operating operating

effectivenesseffectivenesseffectivenesseffectiveness

Unmodified Unmodified Unmodified Unmodified –––– On On On On

AdequacyAdequacyAdequacyAdequacy

• The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s internal financial controls over internal financial controls over internal financial controls over internal financial controls over

customer acceptancecustomer acceptancecustomer acceptancecustomer acceptance, credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and , credit evaluation and

establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales, establishing customer credit limits for sales,

were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively which could which could which could which could

potentially result in the Company ….potentially result in the Company ….potentially result in the Company ….potentially result in the Company ….

• The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s The Company’s internal control system internal control system internal control system internal control system for for for for

inventory with regard to receipts, issue for inventory with regard to receipts, issue for inventory with regard to receipts, issue for inventory with regard to receipts, issue for

production and physical verification production and physical verification production and physical verification production and physical verification were not were not were not were not

operating effectivelyoperating effectivelyoperating effectivelyoperating effectively. Further, the internal control . Further, the internal control . Further, the internal control . Further, the internal control

system for identification and allocation of system for identification and allocation of system for identification and allocation of system for identification and allocation of

overheads to inventory overheads to inventory overheads to inventory overheads to inventory was also not operating was also not operating was also not operating was also not operating

effectively.effectively.effectively.effectively. These could potentially result ….These could potentially result ….These could potentially result ….These could potentially result ….

• …Company’s internal financial controls over …Company’s internal financial controls over …Company’s internal financial controls over …Company’s internal financial controls over

financial reporting financial reporting financial reporting financial reporting were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively were not operating effectively


opinion on the financial statements of Companyopinion on the financial statements of Companyopinion on the financial statements of Companyopinion on the financial statements of Company


Due to Due to Due to Due to ---- Essential Essential Essential Essential

components of components of components of components of

internal controls internal controls internal controls internal controls

not adequately not adequately not adequately not adequately

consideredconsideredconsideredconsidered

in the internal in the internal in the internal in the internal

financial controls financial controls financial controls financial controls

established by the established by the established by the established by the

companycompanycompanycompany


internal financial control system over financial internal financial control system over financial internal financial control system over financial internal financial control system over financial

reporting reporting reporting reporting since the internal controls adopted by since the internal controls adopted by since the internal controls adopted by since the internal controls adopted by

the Company did the Company did the Company did the Company did not adequately consider risk not adequately consider risk not adequately consider risk not adequately consider risk

assessment, assessment, assessment, assessment, which is one of the essential which is one of the essential which is one of the essential which is one of the essential

components of internal control, with regard to components of internal control, with regard to components of internal control, with regard to components of internal control, with regard to

the potential for fraud when performing risk the potential for fraud when performing risk the potential for fraud when performing risk the potential for fraud when performing risk

assessmentassessmentassessmentassessment

• …the Company …the Company …the Company …the Company has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate has not maintained adequate

and effective internal financial controls over and effective internal financial controls over and effective internal financial controls over and effective internal financial controls over

financial reportingfinancial reportingfinancial reportingfinancial reporting as on..as on..as on..as on..

• …these material weaknesses …these material weaknesses …these material weaknesses …these material weaknesses do not affect our do not affect our do not affect our do not affect our

opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the opinion on the financial statements of the



Resulting in Resulting in Resulting in Resulting in

modified opinion modified opinion modified opinion modified opinion

of standalone of standalone of standalone of standalone

financial financial financial financial

statementsstatementsstatementsstatements

• The Company The Company The Company The Company did not have appropriate internal did not have appropriate internal did not have appropriate internal did not have appropriate internal

controls for reconciliation of physically inventory controls for reconciliation of physically inventory controls for reconciliation of physically inventory controls for reconciliation of physically inventory

with the inventory records, which has resulted in with the inventory records, which has resulted in with the inventory records, which has resulted in with the inventory records, which has resulted in

misstatement of inventory values in the books of misstatement of inventory values in the books of misstatement of inventory values in the books of misstatement of inventory values in the books of

account.…account.…account.…account.…

• because of the effect of the material because of the effect of the material because of the effect of the material because of the effect of the material

weaknesses described above on the weaknesses described above on the weaknesses described above on the weaknesses described above on the


criteria, the Company criteria, the Company criteria, the Company criteria, the Company has not maintained has not maintained has not maintained has not maintained

adequate and effective internal financial controls adequate and effective internal financial controls adequate and effective internal financial controls adequate and effective internal financial controls

over financial reporting as of..over financial reporting as of..over financial reporting as of..over financial reporting as of..

• …these material weakness/…these material weakness/…these material weakness/…these material weakness/eseseses has affected our has affected our has affected our has affected our


of the Company and we have issued a qualified of the Company and we have issued a qualified of the Company and we have issued a qualified of the Company and we have issued a qualified

(/ adverse / disclaimer of) opinion(/ adverse / disclaimer of) opinion(/ adverse / disclaimer of) opinion(/ adverse / disclaimer of) opinion on the on the on the on the

standalone financial statements.standalone financial statements.standalone financial statements.standalone financial statements.

ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ICFR REPORTING ---- DISCLAIMERDISCLAIMERDISCLAIMERDISCLAIMERLunawat & Co.

Due to Due to Due to Due to ----

Framework for Framework for Framework for Framework for

internal financial internal financial internal financial internal financial

control over control over control over control over

financial reporting financial reporting financial reporting financial reporting

notnotnotnot

established but established but established but established but

does not impact does not impact does not impact does not impact

the audit opinion the audit opinion the audit opinion the audit opinion

on financial on financial on financial on financial


• the Company the Company the Company the Company has not established its internal has not established its internal has not established its internal has not established its internal

financial control over financial reporting on financial control over financial reporting on financial control over financial reporting on financial control over financial reporting on

criteria based on or considering the essential criteria based on or considering the essential criteria based on or considering the essential criteria based on or considering the essential

components components components components of internal control stated in the of internal control stated in the of internal control stated in the of internal control stated in the

Guidance Note on Audit of Guidance Note on Audit of Guidance Note on Audit of Guidance Note on Audit of IFCoFRIFCoFRIFCoFRIFCoFR issued by the issued by the issued by the issued by the

ICAI. Because of this reason, ICAI. Because of this reason, ICAI. Because of this reason, ICAI. Because of this reason, we are unable to we are unable to we are unable to we are unable to

obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence to

provide a basis for our opinion provide a basis for our opinion provide a basis for our opinion provide a basis for our opinion whether the whether the whether the whether the

Company had adequate internal financial Company had adequate internal financial Company had adequate internal financial Company had adequate internal financial

controls over financial reporting and whether controls over financial reporting and whether controls over financial reporting and whether controls over financial reporting and whether

such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating

effectively as at…effectively as at…effectively as at…effectively as at…

• …the …the …the …the disclaimer does not disclaimer does not disclaimer does not disclaimer does not affect affect affect affect our opinion on our opinion on our opinion on our opinion on

the financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Company


Due to Due to Due to Due to ----Auditor Auditor Auditor Auditor

unable to obtain unable to obtain unable to obtain unable to obtain

sufficient sufficient sufficient sufficient

appropriate audit appropriate audit appropriate audit appropriate audit

evidence onevidence onevidence onevidence on


controls over controls over controls over controls over


but does not but does not but does not but does not

impact auditimpact auditimpact auditimpact audit

opinion on the opinion on the opinion on the opinion on the



• The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over

financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to one of the one of the one of the one of the

significant branches of the Company at _____ significant branches of the Company at _____ significant branches of the Company at _____ significant branches of the Company at _____

were not made available to us were not made available to us were not made available to us were not made available to us to enable us to to enable us to to enable us to to enable us to

determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established

adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial

reporting at the aforesaid branch and whether reporting at the aforesaid branch and whether reporting at the aforesaid branch and whether reporting at the aforesaid branch and whether

such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating such internal financial controls were operating

effectively as at…effectively as at…effectively as at…effectively as at…

• …the …the …the …the disclaimer does not disclaimer does not disclaimer does not disclaimer does not affect affect affect affect our opinion on our opinion on our opinion on our opinion on

the financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Companythe financial statements of the Company


Due to Due to Due to Due to ----Auditor Auditor Auditor Auditor

unable to obtain unable to obtain unable to obtain unable to obtain

sufficient sufficient sufficient sufficient

appropriate audit appropriate audit appropriate audit appropriate audit

evidence onevidence onevidence onevidence on


controls over controls over controls over controls over


and impacting and impacting and impacting and impacting

auditauditauditaudit

opinion on the opinion on the opinion on the opinion on the



• The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over The system of internal financial controls over

financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to financial reporting with regard to the Company the Company the Company the Company

were not made available to us were not made available to us were not made available to us were not made available to us to enable us to to enable us to to enable us to to enable us to

determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established determine if the Company has established

adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial adequate internal financial control over financial

reporting and whether such internal financial reporting and whether such internal financial reporting and whether such internal financial reporting and whether such internal financial

controls were operating effectively as at…controls were operating effectively as at…controls were operating effectively as at…controls were operating effectively as at…

• … the disclaimer has affected our opinion on the … the disclaimer has affected our opinion on the … the disclaimer has affected our opinion on the … the disclaimer has affected our opinion on the

financial statements of the standalone Company financial statements of the standalone Company financial statements of the standalone Company financial statements of the standalone Company

and and and and we have issued a qualified (/ adverse / we have issued a qualified (/ adverse / we have issued a qualified (/ adverse / we have issued a qualified (/ adverse /

disclaimer of) opinion ondisclaimer of) opinion ondisclaimer of) opinion ondisclaimer of) opinion on the financial the financial the financial the financial

statements.statements.statements.statements.

Lunawat & Co.

THE ONLY WAYTHE ONLY WAYTHE ONLY WAYTHE ONLY WAY

Lunawat & Co.

CA. Pramod JainCA. Pramod JainCA. Pramod JainCA. Pramod Jain

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Practical aspects in Auditing

Business

Transcript of Practical aspects in Auditing