Ppt Phy10 Wk01 Intro
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Transcript of Ppt Phy10 Wk01 Intro
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Physics 101
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Physics 10 Coverage•Kinematics•Newton’s Laws of Motion•Uniform Circular Motion and Universal Law of
Gravitation
•Textbook: Halliday, et al. Principles of Physics 10th edition (International student version)
• URL: •Users of 9th ed, in order to access 10th ed. on-
line services, pls. submit your names to your teacher
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•Vision :
•Mission:
• -
• -
• -
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Computation of Grades
•Quiz 1 PS 1•Quiz 2 PS 2•Quiz 3 PS 3•Quiz 4 PS 4 Final Exam ____
______ ____ Recitation ____
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Eleven (11) Weeks• Week Date Activity Week Date Activity • 1 7
• 2 8
• 3 9
• 4 10
• 5 11
• 6
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Week 1
•Measurements (Exact and Inexact)•Rules of Significant Figures•Rules of Rounding Off and Scientific
Notation•Conversion of Units
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Language of Measurements
•Physics is an experimental science. Experiments require measurements, and we generally use numbers to describe the results of measurements.
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1.7
International System of Units (SI)
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Measurement• In science, we have the seven physical
standards:
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Unit Prefixes
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The British System
•British units are now officially defined in terms of SI units, as follows:
Length: 1 inch = 2.54 cmForce: 1 pound(force) = 4.448221615260 newtons
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Dimensional Analysis/Unit Consistency•An equation must always be dimensionally
consistent.
• Mass = M• Length = L• Time = T
Some examples:• Density has the quantity of M / L3
• Speed has the quantity of L / T (i.e. miles per hour)
• Acceleration has the quantity of L /T2 • Force has the quantity of M L / T2
Question:
Can the left hand side of an expression A = B have different units than the right hand side?
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Dimensional Analysis
•Checking equations with dimensional analysis:
x f xi vit 1
2at 2
Note: • Each term must have same dimension• Two variables can not be added if dimensions are
different• Multiplying variables is always fine• Numbers (e.g. 1/2 or p) are dimensionless
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Check the equation for dimensional consistency:
2
2
2
)/(1mc
cv
mcmgh
Here, m is a mass, g is an acceleration, c is a velocity, h is a length
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•Consider the equation:
•Where m and M are masses, r is a radius andv is a velocity.
•What are the dimensions of G ?
mv2
rG
Mm
r2
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Conversion of Units1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 inch / 2.54 cm
= 1 1 m = 3.28 ft 1 m / 3.28 ft = 1 1 mile = 5280 ft 5280 ft / 1 mile
= 1 1 hr = 60 min = 3600 s 1 hr / 3600 s =
1
Example: Convert miles per hour to meters per second:
111hr
mi 1
hr
mi1
s
m
2
1
s
m447.0
s 3600
hr 1
ft28.3
m 1
mi
ft 5280
hr
mi 1
hr
mi1
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Practice Exercise1. A platinum metal with density of 21.50 g/cu. cm
has a volume of 4.49 cu. cm. What is the mass in pound mass if 1 kg = 1000 g = 2.2 pound mass?
2. During your travel, you rent a small car which consumes 6 liters of gasoline per 100 km. a. What is the MPG (mi/gal) of the car ?•B. How gal of gasoline is needed to travel 1.25mi (There are 3.8 liters per gallon; 1.6 km in 1 mi)
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Convert 172.9 0F to degrees Celsius.
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Convert 172.9 0F to degrees Celsius.
0F = x 0C + 3295
0F – 32 = x 0C95
x (0F – 32) = 0C95
0C = x (0F – 32)95
0C = x (172.9 – 32) = 78.2895
1.7