SCIENCEPROJECT

WORK

NAME-JYOTI KUMARI CLASS-IX-A ROLL NO.01 GUIDED BY-S.K.YADAV

MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDING

MATTER Anything which is mass and occupied

space is called matter. EXAMPLE-air , water , table. TYPES OF MATTER

1.Solid state 2.Liquid state 3.Gaseous state

SOLID Solid have fixed shape and fixed mass.

1. In the solid intermolecular force of

attraction is very strong. 2.In solid intermolecular space is very

less. 3.Kinetic energy of particles is heglizible

or zero. 4. Rate of diffusion of solid is very less.

LIQUID

1. In the liquid intermolecular force of attraction is less than solid.

2. Intermolecular space is more than solid but less than gas

3. Kinetic energy of particles is more than solid.

4.Rate of diffusion is more then solid.

GASEOUS STATE Gaseous have not fixed volume and does

not fixed shape. 1.In the gas intermolecular force of attraction

is very week. 2.Rate of diffusion is maximum in gaseous

state. 3.Kinetic energy of particles is very less. 4.In the gaseous state, the particles move

about ramdomly at high speed.

DIFFUSION The intermixing of particles of two different types of matter on

their own is called diffusion. TEMPERATURE-It is a measurement of degree of hotness of any

body is called temperature. THERMAMETER-It is a device to measure the temperature of any

body is called thermameter. UNITER OF TEMPERATURE Degree celecius Forehint Kelvin melting pointThe temperature at which a solid melt to become a liquid at the

atmospheric pressure.

boiling point The temperature at which a liquid start boiling at the atmospheric

pressure

SUBLIMATIONIt is a process in which solid is directly convert into

gaseous state without under going liquid state 1.Latent heat of fusion:The amount of heat energy is

required to change 1kg of solid into its liquid state at its melting point,without rising a temperature

2.Latent heat of vaporistion:The amount of heat energy is required to change 1kg of liquid into its gaseous state at its boiling point,without rising a temperature.

3.Latent heat or hidden point mean:Additional heat is used to overcome the face of attraction between constituent i.e. contrast the state of matter without rising a temperature.

EVAPORATION It is a process of convertion of liquid into its

gaseous state is called evaporation.1.Evaporation get place at the surface of liquid2.The absorb the heat from the

surrounding,increase the kinetic energy of molecular present at the surface.

3.Molecular can easily scape and converted into gas.

4.Evaporation causes at any temperature but below its boiling point.

5.Evaporation always shows the cooling effect.

FACTOR EFFECTING EVAPORATION1.Effect of temperature2.Effect of surface area3.Effect of speed of wind4.Effect of humidity5.Nature of liquid

Effect of temperature-Rate of evaporation is directly proportional to temperature.Rate of evaporation is increase by increasing the temperature.

Effect of surface area-Rate of evaporation is directly proportional of the surface area.It is increases by increasing the surface area.

Speed of wind-Rate of evaporation is increase with increases the speed of wind.

Effect of humidity

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS Q1.What is matter?Explain 3 states of matter. Q2.What is evaporation?Write 3 fators on which evaporation

depend. Q3.Why the temperature of water remain constand during

boiling? Q4.Write down the difference between gas and vapour. Q5. How does the water in the pot become cool during

summer? Q6.Why does we see water droplets on the outer surface of

a glass containing ice cold water? Q7.Why does napthalean ball disappear without leaving any

solid? Q8.Give reasons why does the evaporation is a surface

phenomen. Q9.Convert the following from ◦c to ◦f i)25◦c ii)35◦c iii)100◦c Q10.Why should we wear cotton clothes in summer seasons?

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