PPT MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS OF BUILDING.ppt

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MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS OF BUILDINGMECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS OF BUILDING

(Vertical Transprtatin!(Vertical Transprtatin!

ELEVATORS – hoisting mechanismELEVATORS – hoisting mechanismTwo Types: Electric & HydraulicTwo Types: Electric & Hydraulic

Electric E – tall !uildings"#$ motor operatedElectric E – tall !uildings"#$ motor operated

Hydraulic E – plunger %antennaeic"moa!le rod'Hydraulic E – plunger %antennaeic"moa!le rod'

ELEVATOR TRA$T(O) *A$H()ESELEVATOR TRA$T(O) *A$H()ES

+ ,earless – spun and worm+ ,earless – spun and worm

- ,eared – gear and worm- ,eared – gear and worm

Electric E : ca!leElectric E : ca!le Hydraulic E: plungerHydraulic E: plunger



ELECT"IC E# MA$O" PA"TSELECT"IC E# MA$O" PA"TS

++ $ar"$a! –$ar"$a! – load carrying unitload carrying unit

-- $a!le –$a!le – rope. / 0 1 in norope. / 0 1 in no

22 #rie machine –#rie machine – power unitpower unit

// $ounterweights –$ounterweights – !alances the weight"/34 o5 capacity load!alances the weight"/34 o5 capacity load

66 ,uide Rail 0,uide Rail 0 !rac7et!rac7et

11 Sha5t"Hoistway –Sha5t"Hoistway – hatchway"hatchhatchway"hatch

88 9enthouse –9enthouse – machine room a!oe hoistwaymachine room a!oe hoistway

Eleator 9it –Eleator 9it – 5rom sill leel o5 the lowest landing5rom sill leel o5 the lowest landing

;; $ontrol E<uipment –$ontrol E<uipment – electrical panelelectrical panel



ELECT"IC E# OTHE" PA"TSELECT"IC E# OTHE" PA"TS++ $ontrol 9anel – electrical panel. controller$ontrol 9anel – electrical panel. controller

-- *otor ,enerators %*otor $ontrol'.,enerator =ield $ontrol –*otor ,enerators %*otor $ontrol'.,enerator =ield $ontrol –goerns acceleration> speed> retardation> stopping o5 eleatorgoerns acceleration> speed> retardation> stopping o5 eleator

22 ,uide Shoes,uide Shoes

// $ompensating $hain –$ompensating $hain – welded0lin7 chain 5or hoist rope weight welded0lin7 chain 5or hoist rope weight

compensationcompensation66 ?u55er –?u55er – stops descending car or counterweights !eyond normal limitstops descending car or counterweights !eyond normal limit

o5 traelo5 trael

11 ,oernor –,oernor – mechanical speed control mechanismmechanical speed control mechanism

88 Secondary Sheae –Secondary Sheae – pulley on a gearless machinepulley on a gearless machine

Sa5ety –Sa5ety – large clamp. anchors the car to the !uildinglarge clamp. anchors the car to the !uilding

;; Limit SwitchesLimit Switches

+3+3 Operating #eiceOperating #eice



Machine room-lessMachine room-less

elevatorelevator

An independent machine roomAn independent machine room

is not required any more whenis not required any more when

choosing machine room-lesschoosing machine room-less

elevator solutions. Theelevator solutions. The

permanentpermanent magnetma

gnet

synchronous gearless drives

ynchronous gearless driveunitunit

is installed inside of the shaftis installed inside of the shaft,,

so that the space of traditionalso that the space of traditional

machine rooms is obviated andmachine rooms is obviated and

the costs for buildingthe costs for building

construction are consequentlyconstruction are consequently

reduced. In addition this maesreduced. In addition this maes

the architectural design morethe architectural design more

!e"ible and adaptable.!e"ible and adaptable.



#u$er#u$er



H%D"AULIC E# MA$O" PA"TSH%D"AULIC E# MA$O" PA"TS$ar"$a!$ar"$a!

9lunger –9lunger – inside moa!le part o5 ainside moa!le part o5 a

hydraulic @ac7hydraulic @ac7

Spring ?u55er –Spring ?u55er – ele w" speed lessele w" speed less

than -33 5pmthan -33 5pm

,uide Shoes –,uide Shoes – guide car along railsguide car along rails

,uide Rails,uide Rails

Sha5t"HoistwaySha5t"HoistwayEleator *achine RoomEleator *achine Room

Eleator 9itEleator 9it

$ontrol System$ontrol System



H%D"AULIC E# OTHE" PA"TSH%D"AULIC E# OTHE" PA"TS

++ =loor Stop and Limit Switch=loor Stop and Limit Switch

-- $reepage and Leeling $ar Switch$reepage and Leeling $ar Switch

22 $ar ,ate Switch$ar ,ate Switch

// ,ate Vale,ate Vale

66 $ontroller$ontroller

11 *otor & 9ump with Tan7*otor & 9ump with Tan7



%umbwaiter%umbwaiter

&lectric hydraulic or electric cable&lectric hydraulic or electric cable 'apacity up to ()) lbs'apacity up to ()) lbs *latform up to + square feet*latform up to + square feet *ower any) or //)0)*ower any) or //)0) 1elf-Maintained controls, call 2 send1elf-Maintained controls, call 2 send

Options & AccessoriesOptions & Accessories 1tainless steel cab1tainless steel cab 'ab in use light'ab in use light Minimum frame constructionsMinimum frame constructions

3frame requires anchoring4 utili5es3frame requires anchoring4 utili5esless !oor spaceless !oor space

'hoice of colors, enamel paint'hoice of colors, enamel paint Safety FeaturesSafety Features 6alling platform safety device6alling platform safety device 1ide thrust rollers1ide thrust rollers 7vertravel safety stops7vertravel safety stops 1lac cable limit switch 3cable unit41lac cable limit switch 3cable unit4



6reight &levator6reight &levator

'argo lift'argo lift



'onveyor'onveyor

#ucet 'onveyor#ucet 'onveyor



ESCALATO"ESCALATO"“ “ The angle of inclination of an escalator shall notThe angle of inclination of an escalator shall not

exceed 30exceed 30° from the horizontal” ( ° from the horizontal” ( NBC Sec.1302NBC Sec.1302 ) )

2- wide – ;3B"min %normal'2- wide – ;3B"min %normal'

/ wide – +-3B"min %rush hours'/ wide – +-3B"min %rush hours'

*ACOR 9ARTS*ACOR 9ARTS

+ TRDSS – welded steel 5rame+ TRDSS – welded steel 5rame

- S9RO$ET ASSE*?L(ES- S9RO$ET ASSE*?L(ES

2 #R(V(), *A$H()ES2 #R(V(), *A$H()ES

/ ?ALLDSTRA#E ASSE*?LF/ ?ALLDSTRA#E ASSE*?LF

6 HA)#RA(LS6 HA)#RA(LS

1 E)#LESS ?ELT1 E)#LESS ?ELT



ESCALATO"ESCALATO"*ACOR 9ARTS*ACOR 9ARTS

+ TRDSS – welded steel 5rame+ TRDSS – welded steel 5rame

- S9RO$ET ASSE*?L(ES- S9RO$ET ASSE*?L(ES

2 #R(V(), *A$H()ES2 #R(V(), *A$H()ES

/ ?ALLDSTRA#E ASSE*?LF/ ?ALLDSTRA#E ASSE*?LF

6 HA)#RA(LS6 HA)#RA(LS

1 E)#LESS ?ELT1 E)#LESS ?ELT



ESCALATO"ESCALATO"OTHER 9ARTSOTHER 9ARTS

+ Trac7s+ Trac7s

- Emergency ?ra7e- Emergency ?ra7e

2 $ontroller2 $ontroller

/ Emergency Stop ?utton/ Emergency Stop ?utton

6 ey Operated $ontrol Switches6 ey Operated $ontrol Switches

#rushes are pitched downward todiscourage the retention of liquids andother contaminants along the brush

surface.



ESCALATO"ESCALATO"

ARRA),E*E)TARRA),E*E)T

&# Crisscrss&# Crisscrss

- 9arallel- 9arallel



ESCALATO"ESCALATO"

ARRA),E*E)TARRA),E*E)T

+ $risscross+ $risscross

'# Parallel'# Parallel



MovingMoving

walrampwalramp



Heating> Ventilating & Air $onditioningHeating> Ventilating & Air $onditioning

%HVA$' –%HVA$' – process o5process o5 treating air to control its temperaturetreating air to control its temperature

TF9ES O= A$:TF9ES O= A$:

++ GA$D – thru the wallGA$D – thru the wall

-- Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'

22 $entralied %#ucting"*echanical Room'$entralied %#ucting"*echanical Room'






++ GA$D – thru the wallGA$D – thru the wall






Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'




%HVA$' – process o5 treating air to control its temperature%HVA$' – process o5 treating air to control its temperature


Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'Split Type %$ondenser & Eaporator'



Heating> Ventilating & AirHeating> Ventilating & Air

$onditioning$onditioning

%HVA$' – process o5 treating%HVA$' – process o5 treating

air to control its temperatureair to control its temperature TF9ES O= A$:TF9ES O= A$:

Split Type %$ondenser &Split Type %$ondenser &Eaporator'Eaporator'





Varia!le Air VolumeVaria!le Air VolumeA simple VAV Systemincludes the following:•Central air handler with

variable-volume supply fan, acooling coil, possibly a heatcoil controls, filters, a mixingbox, and a return or relief fan•Supply duct•VAV "box," with a thermostat

and supply diffusers for eachindependently controlledspace•hermostat and unit controller •!eturn plenum or duct



8A88A8

All-air systems fall into twoAll-air systems fall into twogeneral categories - constantgeneral categories - constantvolume and variable air volumevolume and variable air volume38A84. 'onstant air volume38A84. 'onstant air volumesystems accomplish coolingsystems accomplish coolingand heating by varying theand heating by varying the

supply air temperature andsupply air temperature andeeping the air volumeeeping the air volumeconstant.constant.

8A8 systems eep the air8A8 systems eep the airtemperature constant and varytemperature constant and varythe air supply volume. 8A8the air supply volume. 8A8

systems are easy to control, aresystems are easy to control, areenergy e9cient, and allow fairlyenergy e9cient, and allow fairlygood room control. A drawbacgood room control. A drawbacis possible poor ventilationis possible poor ventilationunder low load conditions, andunder low load conditions, andhumidity control is di9culthumidity control is di9cultunder widely varying latentunder widely varying latentloads.loads.



'A8'A8

A 'ontinuous Air 8olume system uses fans andA 'ontinuous Air 8olume system uses fans andducts to distribute air through a large volume ofducts to distribute air through a large volume ofspace. :eturn ducts then send ;used< air bac tospace. :eturn ducts then send ;used< air bac tothe fans and heaters for reconditioning. As thethe fans and heaters for reconditioning. As thename implies, this type of system is great for large,name implies, this type of system is great for large,continuous spaces, rather than smaller, dividedcontinuous spaces, rather than smaller, dividedbuildings. 7ne ey point of a 'A8 is that thebuildings. 7ne ey point of a 'A8 is that thetemperature and air quality can be preciselytemperature and air quality can be preciselycontrolled. This is important for hospitals orcontrolled. This is important for hospitals or

laboratories.laboratories. 'A8 systems include using a constant air volume'A8 systems include using a constant air volume

reheat system, a multi-5one system, and a furnace.reheat system, a multi-5one system, and a furnace.

%uctwor is ept to a minimum here, and as we allnow, there is never enough room for ductworanyway.



'A8'A8



'A8'A8

The multi-5onesystem 3shownabove4 separatesspaces somewhat

lie a 8ariable Air8olume, or 8A8,system. The mainlarge space iscontrolled e"actly

lie a normal 'A8,but the smallerareas can have theirown thermostat andducting from the

fan.



Toners A' Toners A'



'ooling Tower'ooling Tower



'entrali5ed Air 'onditioning'entrali5ed Air 'onditioning



Air =andling >nit 3A=>4Air =andling >nit 3A=>4



6an 'oil >nit6an 'oil >nit

AiAi



AirAir

'urtain'urtain

PPT MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS OF BUILDING.ppt

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