Powers and Responsibilities
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Transcript of Powers and Responsibilities
Powers and Responsibiliti
esSection 1Chapter 4
Powers of the Federal Government
The federal government holds three types of power: expressed, implied, and inherent
Some of these powers come from the Constitution and others imply are exercised by any government of a sovereign country
Powers of the Federal Government
Expressed Powers Expressed powers are
those powers that are expressly, or specifically stated in the Constitution
Article I specifically lists the powers of the Legislative Branch
Articles II and III list the powers of the other two branches
Powers of the Federal Government
Implied Powers Implied powers are those powers
that are suggested by the expressed powers
Article I Section 8 gives Congress the power to “make all laws which shall be necessary and proper” to exercise its other powers
The “necessary and proper” clause has been called the Elastic Clause because it allows Congress to stretch their authority
Other powers have been implied in the Constitution also
Powers of the Federal Government
Inherent Powers Inherent Powers are
those that naturally belong to any government of a sovereign country
Many of these powers relate to foreign affairs, such as making international agreements and acquiring new territory
Powers of State Governments
Some powers are reserved for the states and are known as reserved powers and are not specifically mentioned in the Constitution
According to the Tenth Amendment any powers that are not given to the federal government nor specifically denied to the states “are reserved to the states.. or to the people.”
States can establish local governments, create public school systems, and enact criminal and civil laws
They may also require that certain professionals have licenses like doctors, lawyers, accountants and even a hair stylist
Concurrent Powers
The federal and state government share certain powers
These powers are known as the Concurrent Powers
For example both the federal government and the state government have court system, make and enforce laws, collect taxes to pay the costs of governing, and borrow and spend money
Limits on Federal and State Powers
The Constitution also limits the powers of the different levels of government
Some powers are denied to the state government and some denied to the federal government and some to both
Limits on Federal and State Powers
Powers Denied to the Federal Government
Article I, Section 9 lists the powers that are denied to the federal government (no taxing exports, spend money unless authorized by federal law)
The Federal Government can not make laws that threaten the federal system
Limits on Federal and State Powers
Powers Denied to the States
Article I, Section 10, lists powers that are denied to the states (can not issue money, make treaties with foreign governments, go to war unless invaded or authorized by fed government)
States are also not allowed to manage trade with other states or foreign countries
Limits on Federal and State Powers
Powers Denied to Both Levels
Some powers are denied to both levels
Neither government can deny people accused of crimes the right to trial by jury
Neither can grant titles of nobility
Responsibilities
The Constitution notes the responsibilities that the federal government and the states have to each other
ResponsibilitiesFederal
Responsibilities The Federal Government
has three main responsibilities regarding states and they include Insure that each state
has a republican form of government
Protecting states from violent actions
Respecting the states’ territories
ResponsibilitiesFederal
Responsibilities Although republican form of
government is not defined in the Constitution, allowing each state to have representatives shows this taking place
The framers pointed to the fact that an attack on one state was an attack on the entire U.S. government
The final responsibility just states that no state can be formed by taking from an existing state without the permission from the state
ResponsibilitiesState
Responsibility States must form the
boundaries from which the House of Representatives will be elected
States set the rules for electing members of Congress and selecting electors to choose the President
States also maintain National Guard Units that may be called into action by the President or the Governor
The Courts and the Federal System
Article III of the Constitution gives the judicial branch the authority to hear cases involving the Constitution, U.S. laws, and disputes among states
The Judicial Branch is the referee The Federal Courts and the Supreme Court
used the Constitution as the rule book
The Courts and the Federal System
Article VI of the Constitution states that the Constitution, federal laws, and treaties made by the federal government are “the supreme law of the land”
In 1819, the supreme Court ruled in McCulloch v. Maryland that the state of Maryland could not tax the Bank of the United States
The court felt that if states could tax any part of the federal government, they would be superior to it and that would be unconstitutional