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Open Source @ Meadville Public Library
John J. Brice, III
Executive Director
Who We Are
Rural Public Library serving 38,000
Collection 70,000
Annual Budget $800,000
20 Staff Members
Annual Circulation 240,000
Annual I.S. Budget $12,000
Number of Computers 64
Headquarters to nine member county system
Open Source Operating Systems
Red Hat
Mandrake
OpenBSD
FreeBSD
Open Source Application Programs (Server)
Amanda
Sqwebmail/Qmail
Apache
squid
SquidGuard
PostgreSQL
DansGuardian
LTSP
Ssh
Open Source Applications (Client)
GIMP
StarOffice
KDE - Windows Manager
Netscape
J-Pilot
OpenOffice
What does Free cost?
Documentation needs to be acquired
Training for system administration and staff
Support from a third party vendor
Developmental time and effort
Why do we use Open Source?
Cost effective
Able to determine own upgrade path
Able to use computers longer
Easy to replicate across many libraries
Reliability
More secure
Bang for the buck
The paper "Linux as a replacement for Windows 2000" is an example of an analysis comparing Red Hat Linux 7.1 to Windows 2000; in this
customer's case, using Linux instead of Windows 2000 saved $10,000. The reviewer came from a Windows background, and after performing an intensive Linux project lasting several months
determined that "you will be stunned by the bang for the buck that...open source software offers."
Cost Comparison Web Server
Microsoft: OS $1,510 (25 clients), Email Server $1,300 (10 client), RDBMS Server $2,100 C++
Development $500, Total $5,410.
Red Hat Linux $156, everything else included.
Upgrade Costs Less For Open Source
When upgrading Microsoft you will be at the mercy of their long term pricing.
Open Source upgrades are usually free and if the price does increase from one vendor there are
other vendors to turn to.
Open Source can operate on older hardware
Open Source can run on older hardware more effeciently than other OS's resulting in lower
hardware costs.
In some cases no new hardware is purchased because "discarded' systems can be used again.
Open Source is far cheaper to replicate
According to Nework World Fussion News, Linux is increasingly being used in healthcare, finance, banking, and retail because of its cost advantages when large number numbers of identical sites and servers are built. According to their calculations
for a 2,000 site deployment, SCO UnixWare would cost $9 million, Windows would cost $8
million, and Red Hat Linux costs $180.
Apache has better security record than Microsoft's IIS
Eweek's July 20, 2001 article examined Apache security advisories and found that the last serious
security problem was in January 1997.
Microsoft's IIS had issued 21 security bulletins from January 2000 through June 2001
Individual Solutions at MPL
Thin Clients for web browsing
Filtering/Routing
Firewalls
Web/E-Mail server
Backup server
File/Print server
Open Source desktops
Thin Clients
What is a Thin Client?
Two major differences:
Less Hardware
Gets operating systemfrom a server
Less Hardware
OS from a Server
Thin Client Hardware
Server: 512 MB RAM 750 mHz processor 15 GB hard drive 2 network cards Cost: $1485
Thin Clients 64 MB RAM 500 mHz processor 8 MB Ati Charger video
cards Bootable network cards
from DisklessWorkstations
Reused old cases & power supplies
Cost each: $327.75
Cost for Server + 7 Thin Clients:
$3779.25
Thin Client Software Setup
Red Hat 6.2
Linux Terminal Server Project (LTSP)
Netscape Navigator 4.76
IceWM window manager
Adobe Acrobat, Macromedia Flash, Plugger
SquidGuard filter (residing on another server)
Thin Client Configuration
Each thin client has a user account assigned to it
Each user account has very limited permissions
Important configuration files are read-only
Thin Client Timeline
Began setup in June/July 2000
Put thin clients in place January 2001
Finalized setup February 2001
Running ever since without a hitch!
Filtering/Proxy Server
Proprietary vs. Open Source Filters
Proprietary
Expensive
Blacklists often unviewable
Don't always work as expected
WYSIWYG
Open Source
Free
Complete control of blacklists
More precise control of filter's behavior
More knowledge to install & maintain
Filters MPL Uses
SquidGuard - URL based filter(www.squidguard.org)
DansGuardian -content based filter(www.dansguardian.org)
SquidGuard
URL-based
Configurable for multiple user types
More precise control
Works through squid
Works on just about any OS
DansGuardian
Keyword-based
Configurable for only one user type
More likely to block sites
Can also filter file types & by ratings system
MPL's Filtering Setup
Firewalls
Invisible Firewall
Running on a used Sun Sparc 5 Station (purchased for less than $100)
Runs on Open BSD
Works as a very fancy patch cable
No speed degragation
No networkable addresses
Web/E-Mail Server
Web/E-Mail Server
Homebrewed computer running on a 1.33 gig 512 meg RAM server
OS-FreeBSD
Apache
Perl and PHP
PostgreSQL Database
Homebrewed Web OPAC
Qmail E-mail server
SQwebmail-Web based e-mail interface
Backup Server
Backup Server
Reused an old dual processor Pentium Pro 200, 128 meg RAM (purchased used tape drive off of E-Bay for $400.00)
OS-Red Hat (Linux) ver 6.2
Amanda-backup software from University of Maryland
Backup Windows, Linux and the BSD's
File Print Server
File Print Server
Currently developing a OS File/Print (used Sun Sparc 5 Station purchased for $100)
OS-OpenBSD
Samba - File/Print server software
Can replicate NT server
Will work with Windows Clients
Desktops
Clients
Hardware are home brewed computers with parts purchased through catalogs 1.3 Gigahertz with 512meg RAM, 20 gig harddrives. Cost $450.00
OS-Mandrake ver. 8.1 with KDE
Star Office ver 5.2
Netscape 6.2
J-Pilot - Handspring interface
K-Mail
Learning More
Visit our web site at:
meadvillelibrary.org/os