Power Utility Conference - Wind Turbine Lightning Protection
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Transcript of Power Utility Conference - Wind Turbine Lightning Protection
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53rd ISA Power Industry Division Symposium20th Annual Joint ISA POWID/EPRI
Controls & Instrumentation Conference7-10 June, 2010, Summerlin, Nevada 1
Mike Nager, Phoenix Contact
LIGHTING PROTECTION FOR WIND TURBINES – FINAL PRESENTATION
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Our Knowledge comes from working with Industry Leaders such as…
…
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Locations
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
Fire at a wind turbine near Paderborn /Germany. Total loss 1.5 million Euro
Source: GDV
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Strikes meet Wind Turbines
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Principle of Over-Voltage Suppression
A
B
S2 S3
S1
A
B
S2 S3
S1
A
B
S2 S3
S1
TT 0570 D 12.02.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Surge Suppression Components
Speed
Energy
Suppressor Diode Metal Oxide Varistor Gas Tube Spark Gap
TT 1669 D 10.03.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Standard Waveforms
10/350 µs (IEC 62305-1)
8/20 µs (IEC 60060-1)
810 20 t
µs
iî
1,0
0,5
0,0
0 100 200 300 350
TT 0168 D 16.02.09
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning Protection Zonesaccording to IEC 62305-1
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Lightning protection zones
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Positioning of air-termination systems
receptor plate
air-termination rod
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
tower
cabel route
transformer station - low voltage distribution panel
- main control cabinet- inverter technology- windpark communication
foundation
rotorblade- clima sensors- aviation lights- antennas
hub
nacelle
e.g. 20kV/690V
- generator- brake- gearbox- topbox- hydraulic
cooling system
yaw drive
- pitch control unit- axis cabinet- battery backup- drives
Lightning current distribution
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Surge protection inside the nacelle
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE
CONTROLILC 370 ETH 2TX-IB
Ord. No. 2876999
RESET
RUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
UL
US
UMI
4
I2
I3
I1 I
8
I6
I7
I5 I
12
I10
I11
I9 Q
4
Q2
Q3
Q1
E
LINK
ACT100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
SPD for signals: (Anemometer,
communication to the hub)
Generator
SPDfor 230/400V
control power supply
SPDfor stator windings and
rotor windings
SPD for the obstruction lighting
SPD for the controller,powersupply 230V or 24V,
bus interface
SPDfor rotor blade shifting
M
M
6
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILIN LIN E C ON TR OL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOr d. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PRO G
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUS UM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILIN LI NE C ON TR O L
IL C 370 ET H 2TX-IBOr d. No. 28 76 99 9
RESETRUN/PRO G
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUS UM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAIL
INLINE CONTROLILC 370 ETH 2TX-IB
Ord. No. 2876999
RESET
RUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
UL
US
UMI
4
I2
I3
I1 I
8
I6
I7
I5 I
12
I10
I11
I9 Q
4
Q2
Q3
Q1
E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE
CONTROLILC 370 ETH 2TX-IB
Ord. No. 2876999
RESET
RUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
UL
US
UMI
4
I2
I3
I1 I
8
I6
I7
I5 I
12
I10
I11
I9 Q
4
Q2
Q3
Q1
E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
Gear box
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Zone protection requirements Selection and installation in acc. to IEC 61400-24
CLASS II
CLASS I/II
HV/MV MOV arrester
CLASS II
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Class 1 arrester
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Challenges caused by rotating equipment
Lightning protection systeme.g. coal brushes or spark gaps
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Down tower panels (LVDP, MCP)
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
FU
I > I > I >
3
690V/400V-
230V 3L,N
Bus interfacesignalling
power supply
Generator(stator)
400/230V
Generator(rotor)
3L,N
I > I > I >
MODEM
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
QUINT POWER
RDY
BSA
FAIL
PF
RUN
FAILINLINE CONTROL
ILC 370 ETH 2TX-IBOrd. No. 2876999
RESETRUN/PROG
PRG
10/100
LINK
ACT
100
ULUSUM
I4I2I3
I1I8I6I7
I5I12I10I11
I9Q4Q2Q3
Q1 E
LINK
ACT
100
10/100R
CBARDTA
REMOTE
IN
OUT
LNK/ACT
100
X3
LNK/ACT
100
X1
LNK/ACT
100
X5
LNK/ACT
100
X7
LNK/ACT
100
X6
LNK/ACT
100
X4
LNK/ACT
100
X2
US1
US2
FL SWITCH SF 7 TX/FXOrd. No.2832577T
DRD
LNK/ACT
100
X8
S1S2S3S4
CP 312
S5S6
ABC
SYS
S8
S7
S9S
10S11S12S13S14S16
S15
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
MOV VALVETRAB ™Arc Gap FLASHTRAB™
Protection inside LVDP
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Protection inside LVDP and MCP
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
• Bus System• Signals - I/Os• DC power supply• AC power supply
Switch cabinet inside the hub Switch cabinet inside the hub (pitch)(pitch)
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Switch cabinet for FAA lights
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20th ISA POWID/EPRI Controls & Instrumentation Conference
Other Standards of Interest
IEC 61024 Protection of Structures against Lightning
IEC 61312 Protection against lightning electromagnetic impulse
IEC 61643 Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power distribution systems
IEC 61662 Assessment of the risk of damage due to lightning
NREL(National Renewable Energy Laboratory)
Wind Turbine Lightning Protection Project 1999-2001
UL 1449 Third Ed.
Requirements for Surge Protection Devices
NFPA 780(National Fire Protection Association)
Standard for the Installation of Lightning Protection Systems