Power to heat integration into district heating networks...

Power to heat integration into district heatingnetworks (summary of external stay)

Thibaut Richert (PhD student)

DTU - Energy System Operation and Management (ESOM)

August 29, 2018

External stay Other activites

Agenda

• External stay at EIFER

• MAGNITUDE project

• White paper

• Other activities

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External stayEIFER

European Institute for Energy Research

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External stayKey points

• 4 Months - Mid April to mid August

• Contacts: Nicole Pini & David Eyler

• Franco-German research effort

• Energy resources % decentralized production

• Worked on the MAGNITUDE project (originally was anotherproject)

• Writing a white paper

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External stayMAGNITUDE

”Bringing flexibility provided by multi energy carrierintegration to a new MAGNITUDE”

• Focused on flexibility services provision to theelectrical grid through MES

• Enhanced business and market mechanisms

• Seven real life case studies of MES of differentsizes and technological features

• Propose recommendations and contribute to thedefinition of policy strategies at EU level.

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External stayMAGNITUDE

Involved in WP1 and WP4

• WP1: Case studies and system configurations

• Gather data and information about CS

• Services identification

• Constraints and bottlenecks

• WP4: Modelling

• Use case expertise

• Technologies fact sheets

→ Higher level focus than my PhD project

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White paper

Gaps for large deployment of power-to-heat units in the heatsector

• Nicole: top-down approach

• Thibaut: Bottom-up approach

Existing DH systems

- Network- Heat supply technologies- Consumers behaviour- Buildings

4GDH Integrated energy system

Gap

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White paperOverview

• European and national targets for P2H

• European overview: DK - FR - DE - SE

• System, Technologies, Market, Ownership

• Use case for P2H deployment

• Mapping

• Gaps identification

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White paperKey figures in DH

Table: Overview of district heating in selected countries

Denmark Sweden Germany France

Population - [100.000 people] 57 99 827 669Average population density - [pop/km2] 135 23 232 116Urban population - [%] 87.9 87.4 80.4 77.3Number of DH networks 394 450 3,372 501Trench length - [km] one way 29,000 23,667 20,219 3,725Annual heat sales - [GJ] 105,563 175,972 254,839 86,112Density indicator - [GJ/km] 3.6 7.4 12.6 23.1Number of system per 100.000 people 6.9 4.5 4.1 0.7Network ownership Private dominated Private dominated Private dominated Public dominatedNetwork operation Mostly public Private dominated Private dominated Private dominatedConnection obligation Municipality decides Not mandatory Municipality decides Not mandatoryDH covering - residential (final energy) 63% 58% 10% 6%Heat Market Bundled Unbundled Unbundled Unbundled

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White paperDH - mix

49.3%

14%

6.9%6.2% 6%

6%

5.4%

2.9%

3.2%

SWEDEN

Combustible renewables

Waste

Renewable waste

Heat pumps

Industrial heat surplus

Natural gas

Coal

Oil

Others

45.4%

41.6%

5.6%

3.3%0.8%

3.4%

GERMANYNatural gas

Coal

Waste


Oil

Others

43.8%

25%

10.4%9.4%

5%

6.3%

FRANCE

Natural Gas

Renewable waste

Combustible renewable

Coal

Oil

Others

34.8%

24.5%

18.6% 10%

8.2%

2.5%1.4%

DENMARK


Natural gas

Coal

Renewable waste

Waste

Oil

Others

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White paperElec - mix

Wind43%

Solar

2%

Biofuels & waste

18%

Oil

1%Gas

7%

Coal

29%

DENMARK

Nuclear

73%

Wind4%

Coal2%

Hydro

11%

Biofuels & waste

2%

Gas

6%

Solar

2%

FRANCE

Nuclear

41%

Biofuels & waste

7%

Coal

1%

Hydro

40%

Oil

0%

Wind

10%

Gas

1%

SWEDEN

Coal43%

Nuclear

13%

Wind

12%Hydro

3%

Solar6%

Gas

13%

Biofuels & waste

9%

Oil

1%

GERMANY

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White paperPrices

DK SE FR DECountry

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

/GJ

Heat prices - 2013District heating price

DK SE FR DECountry

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

/kW

h

Electricity priceHouseholds - taxesHouseholds - electricityHousehold - networkSmall industry * *

Large industry * * *

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White paperUse case

Heat production for DHW and space heating purposes usingpower-to-heat technologies

DH system

TransmissionSystem

Operator

TransmissionGrid

DistributionGrid

Power to Heat technologies

District Heating utility

District heating network (isolated/

interconnected)

Power system

Electric Power domainICT domain

Substations

Hydrauliccontrolelements

Valves/Pumps

Heat domainSystem boundaries

Control entity

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White paperUse case

P2H

ElectricGRID

Centralized heatproduction

P2H

P2H

P2H

District heatingdistribution network

Customer level

Electric GRID

Electric GRID

Electric GRID

Isolated consumer - no connectionto DH

District heatingtransmissionnetwork

P2H

Electric GRID

S/S

R/S

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White paperGaps - main findings

Several type of gaps: Regulatory, Technical, Operational, Type ofdeployment

• Regulation biggest barrier

• Pricing

• Ownership

• Sophisticated monitoring/metering

• Design (system integration)

• Connection (R/S, S/S, R/R ...)

• HP are sensitive

• Control, maintenance, collaboration on deployment type

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Other activites

• Paper on method forgenerating equivalent DHN

• Co-simulation (paper on theway)

Raw DHdata

Nodes data filePipes data file

Modelica componentmodels

Python objectsDirected graphnetwork object

Object representationnetwork

Modelica model

Network-x

Processing

Mappingobject generation

Pythonencapsulation

Translation

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Power to heat integration into district heating networks...

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