Optimal Power Flow in Hybrid AC/DC Power Systems: Modeling ...
power flow and optimal power flow
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Transcript of power flow and optimal power flow
Optimal power flow power flow
Power flow• is a numerical analysis of the flow of electric power in an interconnected system.• focuses on various of AC power parameters, such as voltages, voltage angles, real power and reactive power.• uses simplified notation such as on-line diagram or per-unit system, • It analyzes the power systems in normal steady-state operation.
P Q V δP-Q bus known known unknown unknown
P-V bus known unknown known unknown
Slack bus
unknown unknown known known
Bus type
•P-Q bus load bus
•P-V bus generation bus
•Slack bus large bus
Power flow•The goal is to obtain complete voltage angle and magnitude for each bus for specified load and generator real power and voltage conditions•Once it’s known, real and reactive power flow on each branch and generator reactive power output can be analytically determined
Power flow• In a system with N buses and R generators, there are then
Unknowns• we need
Equations
Power flow equation
Solution of the Power Flow Problem
•Gauss–Seidel method
•Newton–Raphson solution method
•Fast decoupled methods
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW
Is power flow with optimization (minimize or maximize) a predefined
objective.
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW -Objective function• fuel cost, • transmission losses • reactive source allocation
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW - fuel cost Minimization
FOR ONE UNI
F
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW - fuel cost Minimization
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW
•Objective unction is expressed as
• to satisfy Non linear Equality Constraints • to satisfy Non linear Inequality Constraints
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW- Equality Constraints represented
• Load flow equations
• Load balance equation.
OPTIMAL POWER FLOW- inequality Constraints represented
.
O P F Solution Methodologies O P F Solution Methodologies
Conventional Methods
Gradient Methods
Newton – based
Linear Programming
Intelligent Methods
Artificial Neural Networks
Evolutionary Programming
Fuzzy Logic