Power electronics roadmap - Automotive Council UK · Power electronics roadmap 2010 2015 2020 2025...

Power electronics roadmap

2015 2020 2025 20302010

Prototype Production

Autotuning invertors

PE system level integration Integration of DC/DC & chargers PE system level integration Integration of invertors & motors

Source:Automotive Council Technology Group 2013

Resonant convertors

>150oC

3.3$/kW 5$/kW 7.9$/kW 12kW/kg + 12kW/l 11kW/kg + 9kW/l 14kW/kg + 13kW/l

High power density inverters

Low cost inverters

Power electronics monitoring IGBT(SiC/GaN/SICN) drive

~90oC High temp inverters

High temp inverters

Power electronics roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap

130 95 TBDEU Fleet Average CO2 Targets (g/km)

Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e

Aluminium (BIW, bolt-on panels, chassis) Lightweight roof systems Lightweight seat systems

Mass Reduction(on 2012 mass)


Steel (UHSS, tube hydroforming, hot stamping) Lightweight seat systems

Lightweight structural plastics Sheet moulding compound panel

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al

Aluminium thin-wall HPDC casting

Mass Reduction(on 2012 mass) -120kg

Alternative lightweight vehicle architecturesNumerically intensive computing & CAE multi-physics optimisation

Real world data (RWD) & structural health monitoring

Metal matrix composites Magnesium (sheet)

Magnesium structural (castings)

Carbon composite BIW

-290kg

TitaniumLW transmission & driveline

-435kg

Hybrid materials

-200kgMass Reduction(on 2012 mass)

-170kg -425kg

Carbon composite bolt on panels

2015 2020 2025 20302010

Induction


Trac

tion

Mot

ors

New

Arc

hite

ctur

e &

Sy

stem

s Int

egra

tion

PM content reduction

Hybrid motors

Switched reluctance

Multistage

Thermal management

Modular single speed

Permanent Magnet

Traction motors & generators roadmap (<40kW)

Synchronous reluctance

Integrated electric powertrain & vehicle cooling

Wheel motors: direct drive

Wheel motors: geared drive


Traction motion gearbox Multispeed torque cut gear shifts

Integrated single speed traction motion gearbox

Multispeed power shift

48V Micro/mild hybrid

Development of lighter weight induction machines

Advanced electronics and control provides step change

Traction motors & generators roadmap (<40kW)Lightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


2015 2020 2025 20302010

Induction


Trac

tion

Mot

ors

New

Arc

hite

ctur

e &

Sy

stem

s Int

egra

tion

PM content reduction

Hybrid motors

Switched reluctance

Multistage

Thermal management

Modular single speed

Permanent magnet

Traction motor & generator roadmap (100kW +)

Synchronous reluctance

Integrated electric powertrain & vehicle cooling

Wheel motors: direct drive

Wheel motors: geared drive


Traction motion gearbox Multispeed torque cut gear shifts

Integrated single speed traction motion gearbox

Multispeed power shift

Traction motor & generator roadmap (100kW +)Lightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


Power train (ICE) technology roadmap


2015 2020 2025 20302010

Ena

blin

g

Tech

nolo

gie

sS

yste

ms

Effi

cien

cy

Air Quality Euro 52009

Euro 62014

Euro 72019?

Flexible valve trains (timing/lift/actuation)

Variable power ancillaries Downspeeding for lower friction

Downsizing & boosting technologies

Organic rankine cycles Electrical turbocompound

Mech. turbocompound

Fuel injection system optimisation

The

rmal

E

ffici

ency

High efficiency low NOx combustion concepts Increased charge air boost efficiency/range

Lower mechanical friction (coatings/bearings/etc)

Thermo-electric generators Integrated electrification & energy recovery technologies

Low thermal inertia/fast warm-up systems

Active charge thermal management/control

Thermal energy storage/fast warm-upFlexible/fast response boost

Advanced/new lightweight materials

Integrated PM and NOx emissions control systems Real Time Models Model Based Control Closed loop/feed back tuning

Reduced combustion heat losses

Split/recuperated cycle

Power train (ICE) technology roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

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ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


5

Passenger car low carbon technology roadmapAutomotive technologies: the UK’s current capability Passenger Car Low Carbon Technology Roadmap

Mass Market EV Technology Niche EVs

2020 2000 2010 2030

Full Hybrid

Micro/Mild Hybrid

130 95 TBD EU Fleet Average CO2 Targets (g/km)

2040

Plug-In Hybrid

IC Engine and Transmission innovations (gasoline/diesel/gas/renewables)

Demonstrators Fuel Cell Vehicle

Demonstrators Charging Infrastructure

H2 Infrastructure

Energy Storage Breakthrough

Energy Storage Breakthrough

Vehicle Weight and Drag Reduction

Fuel Cell & H2 Supply/Storage Breakthrough

Lightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


Commercial and off-road technology roadmap

2020 2050 2030 2040 2010

UK CO2 Target GHG -

greenhouse gas

CO2 and GHG reduction

Air Quality Improvements

LD Van CO2 noitalugeR

Possible HD/MD CO2 Regulation D

river

s CO2 reductions limited by air quality regulations

Fuel cell vehicles Fuel Cell APUs

H2 infrastructure

Demos Plug in hybrid

Micro/Mild hybrid Full hybrid

Med

ium

Dut

y C

ycle

s

Niche EVs Commercial/Off-Highway EV’s

Ligh

t Dut

y C

ycle

s

Powertrain efficiency improvements/ancillary electrification

Advanced highway vehicle aerodynamics/selective lightweighting

Sustainable liquid/gaseous fuels

Waste heat recovery Advanced thermodynamic cycles Biofuels

Intelligent vehicles logistics – operational efficiency (On & Off-highway)

Hea

vy D

uty

Cyc

les

IC Engine efficiency improvements

Breakthrough in energy storage

“Zero” Air Quality Impact

Source: Automotive Council Technology Group 2012

Commercial and off-road technology roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


Lightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


Lightweight vehicle and power train roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


High energy (overlithiated) lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide v Silicon based composite electrodes

Mic

ro H

ybri

d(1

2V)

Passenger Car LCV Energy Storage Echem Tech Roadmap

Source :Automotive Council Technology Group 2013

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Lithium iron phosphate

Full

Hyb

rid

(<40

0V)

Mild

Hyb

rid

(48V

)

Plu

g in

hyb

rid

(200

-400

V)

Bat

tery

‘pur

e’ E

V (2

50-5

00v)

Advanced Lead Acid Cell eg Lead-carbon/asymmetric capacity

Lithium titanate Adv lithium titanate Adv lithium iron phosphate

Lithium mixed metal phosphate Adv lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Lithium iron phosphateLithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Lithium titanate

Lithium sulphur/ Rechargeable Lithium-Air

Lithium iron phosphateLithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Lithium manganese oxide spinel

Adv lithium iron phosphate

Lithium iron phosphate Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Lithium titanate

Adv lithium iron phosphate Adv lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Adv lithium titanate

Lithium mixed metal phosphate

Lithium iron phosphate Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide Adv lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Adv lithium iron phosphate

Lithium mixed metal phosphate

Adv lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide

Advanced lithium mixed metal phosphateHigh energy (overlithiated) lithium nickel cobalt

manganese oxide v Silicon based composite electrodes

Low

Volu

mes

Med

ium

Hig

hV.

Lo

wEnergy storage Echem Tech roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


Sm

all

Med

ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


Intelligent mobility technology roadmap

2015 2020 2025 20302010D

ata

acqu

isiti

on &

pr

oces

sing

Con

nect

ed tr

avel

lers

Con

nect

ed v

ehic

les

Inte

llige

nt m

obili

ty

Processing Fast

Storage

Transfer

Faster Even faster

Local Mixed Cloud

3G 4G 5G

Communication &Entertainment Business & Commercial BenefitValue

A-V SystemsV2I communications

HMI

Cost reductions (service & maintenance) Safety improvementsValue

V2V communicationsOn-board sensors & actuators

Recognition & control algorithms

Multi-modal journey planning & optimisation systemsSafety critical systems

Autonomous vehicles

Congestion & pollution reduction Increased mobilityValue

Intelligent mobility objectives delivered

Source: Automotive Council Technology Group 2013

Intelligent mobility technology roadmapLightweight vehicle and power train roadmap


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all

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ium

Larg

e






2010 2015 2020 2025 2030

Gen

eral

R

adic

al








-290kg


-435kg

Hybrid materials


-170kg -425kg


1 © Ricardo plc 2013 Confidential 31 July 2013 Version 10

The motorsport technology roadmap focuses on chasing integrated performance efficiently with cost-effective CO2 reduction

High Level Technology Roadmap for Motorsport

2005 2015 2010 2025 2020

Performance: reduce CO2 and increase kW/l (engine) and Nm/kg (transmission) for efficiency and “green” image

Advanced boosting systems

Engine down-sizing and down-speeding, friction reduction

Cost effective fast-shifting semi-autos Materials, structures and manufacturing processes

Energy recovery/split cycle/fuel cells

Lightweight structures

Propulsion

Transmission/ driveline

Kinetic energy recovery Energy management/ infrastructure

Moveable aerodynamics

Road relevance, technology transfer

Cost and sustainability

Market engagement - spectators, customers (especially ageing demographic), the show, service industry

Energy storage (on-board/remote batteries, flywheels, ultra-caps, hydraulic ... )

Integrated hybrid systems

Thermal management, efficient power electronics Brake electrification (linked to energy storage)

F1

KERS DRS LMP

Safety

Waste heat recovery

Enclosed cockpits, covered wheels

Tyres

ITS Telemetry, data/information feed direct to consumers © Ricardo plc 2013

Drivers

Vehicle

Battery/system charging/safety/management at venue

Sou

rce:

Ric

ardo

ana

lysi

s , n

terv

iew

s w

ith W

illia

ms

F1, F

orce

Indi

a, F

ord

Rac

ing,

A

lcon

, Lol

a a

nd D

alla

ra

FE

Fuel systems: Direct injection, alternative fuels, fuel flow limits E-machines

New F1 engine regulations New LMP regulations

Formula “E”

Low friction design and lubrication

1 © Ricardo plc 2013 Confidential 31 July 2013 Version 10

The motorsport technology roadmap focuses on chasing integrated performance efficiently with cost-effective CO2 reduction

High Level Technology Roadmap for Motorsport

2005 2015 2010 2025 2020

Performance: reduce CO2 and increase kW/l (engine) and Nm/kg (transmission) for efficiency and “green” image

Advanced boosting systems

Engine down-sizing and down-speeding, friction reduction

Cost effective fast-shifting semi-autos Materials, structures and manufacturing processes

Energy recovery/split cycle/fuel cells

Lightweight structures

Propulsion

Transmission/ driveline

Kinetic energy recovery Energy management/ infrastructure

Moveable aerodynamics

Road relevance, technology transfer

Cost and sustainability

Market engagement - spectators, customers (especially ageing demographic), the show, service industry

Energy storage (on-board/remote batteries, flywheels, ultra-caps, hydraulic ... )

Integrated hybrid systems

Thermal management, efficient power electronics Brake electrification (linked to energy storage)

F1

KERS DRS LMP

Safety

Waste heat recovery

Enclosed cockpits, covered wheels

Tyres

ITS Telemetry, data/information feed direct to consumers © Ricardo plc 2013

Drivers

Vehicle

Battery/system charging/safety/management at venue

Sou

rce:

Ric

ardo

ana

lysi

s , n

terv

iew

s w

ith W

illia

ms

F1, F

orce

Indi

a, F

ord

Rac

ing,

A

lcon

, Lol

a a

nd D

alla

ra

FE

Fuel systems: Direct injection, alternative fuels, fuel flow limits E-machines

New F1 engine regulations New LMP regulations

Formula “E”

Low friction design and lubrication

Niche EVs

H2 infrastructure


2020 2050 2030 2040

Powertrain e�ciency improvements/ancillary electri�cation

Reducing rolling resistance/lightweighting


Waste heat recovery Advanced thermodynamic cycles

Biofuels

Fuel cell vehicles

Intelligent vehicles logistics – operational e�ciency

Now

Mainstream EVs

Plug in hybrid

Full hybrid

GHG = greenhouse gas CO2 and GHG

reduction

Air Quality Improvement

LD Van CO2 Regulation


river

s

CO2 reductions limited by emissions regulation

Vehi

cle

Pow

ertr

ain

IC Engine e�ciency improvements


UK CO2 Target

CO2 neutral improved bus desirability (driver/passenger)

Reducing body energy consumption

Mild/mild hybrid Niche EVs

H2 infrastructure


2020 2050 2030 2040

Powertrain e�ciency improvements/ancillary electri�cation

Reducing rolling resistance/lightweighting


Waste heat recovery Advanced thermodynamic cycles

Biofuels

Fuel cell vehicles

Intelligent vehicles logistics – operational e�ciency

Now

Mainstream EVs

Plug in hybrid

Full hybrid

GHG = greenhouse gas CO2 and GHG

reduction

Air Quality Improvement

LD Van CO2 Regulation


river

s

CO2 reductions limited by emissions regulation

Vehi

cle

Pow

ertr

ain

IC Engine e�ciency improvements


UK CO2 Target

CO2 neutral improved bus desirability (driver/passenger)

Reducing body energy consumption

Mild/mild hybrid

Bus technology roadmap

Power electronics roadmap - Automotive Council UK · Power electronics roadmap 2010 2015 2020 2025...

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