Power and Size:
description
Transcript of Power and Size:
Christopher Chase-Dunn
Alexis Álvarez
Dan Pasciuti
Institute for Research on World-SystemsUniversity of California, Riverside
Constant Regions and PMNs2000 B.C.E.
Constant Regions and PMNs1400 C.E.
Constant Regions and PMNs1500 C.E.
Constant Regions and the Central PMN1800 C.E.
Contending Empires and Limited Territory
2nd Largest Empire
Lar
gest
Em
pir
e
Saturation Threshold
Correlations between City and Empire Sizes by PMN
Region Pearson’s rPartial
Pearson's r# of time
points Years
East Asia 0.39* -0.01 30 1900 B.C.E. - 1800 C.E.Central 0.61** 0.49** 39 1500 B.C.E. - 1990 C.E.
Indic -0.38 -0.18 8 1800 B.C.E. - 1500 C.E.
Correlations between City and Empire Sizes by Region
Region Pearson’s rPartial
Pearson's r# of time
points Years
Egypt -0.216 0.160 10 2300 B.C.E. - 550 B.C.E.Mesopotamia 0.784* 0.763* 8 2800 B.C.E. - 550 B.C.E.
East Asia 0.473** 0.122 29 1360 B.C.E. - 1800 C.E.Europe 0.892** 0.876** 24 430 B.C.E. - 1800 C.E.
South Asia 0.286 0.126 15 600 C.E. - 1800 C.E.West Asia 0.636** 0.562** 27 2000 B.C.E. - 1500 C.E.
* Significant at the 0.05 level.** Significant at the 0.01 level.
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
Largest Empire Largest CityBiv. Corr.: 0.636**
Partial Corr.: 0.562** ** sig @ 0.01 level
Ur
Mar
i
Bab
ylon K
hatt
usha
sh
Bab
ylon
Cal
ah Nin
eveh
Bab
ylon
Sele
ucia
Ant
ioch
Cte
siph
on
Cte
siph
on
Bag
hdad
Con
stan
tinop
le
Tab
riz
Sara
iT
abri
z
Con
stan
tinop
le
Bag
hdad
Isla
mic
Cal
ipha
te
Ach
aem
enid
Per
sia
ParthiaH
ittite
s
Sum
er
Bab
ylon
Mita
nni
Hitt
ites
Ela
m
Ass
yria
Bab
ylon
Ass
yria
Med
ia
Ale
xand
er
Sele
ucid
Hun
s
Sassanid Persia
Gha
znav
idSe
ljuk
Alm
orav
id-A
lmoh
ad
Fatim
id-A
yyub
id-M
amel
uk
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00-1
500
-140
0
-130
0
-120
0
-110
0
-100
0
-900
-800
-700
-600
-500
-400
-300
-200
-100 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
Largest EmpireLargest City
Egypt
Assyria
Roman Empire
Sassanid Persia
Islamic Caliphate
Mongol-Yuan
Russia
Largest Empires and City Populations of the Central PMN
Biv. Corr. = 0.61**Partial Corr. = 0.49**
: log10(Mm2) * 100
: log10(Estimated Population) * 1000
YEAR
Achaemenid Persia
0.0
200.0
400.0
600.0
800.0
1000.0
1200.0
-200
0-1
860
-172
0-1
580
-144
0-1
300
-116
0-1
020
-880
-740
-600
-460
-320
-180 -4
010
024
038
052
066
080
094
010
8012
2013
6015
00
Largest Empire 2nd Largest EmpireBiv. Corr.: 0.490**Partial Corr.: 0.239**
Isla
mic
Cal
ipha
te
Fat
imid
-Ayy
ubid
-Mam
eluk
Sas
sani
d P
ersi
a
Ach
aem
enid
Per
sia
Par
thia
Hit
tite
s
Sum
er
Bab
ylon
Hit
tite
s
Sum
erA
ssyr
ia
Mit
anni
Mit
anni
Hit
tite
s
Ela
mH
itti
tes
Ela
m
Ass
yria
Hit
tite
s
Hit
tite
s
Bab
ylon
Ura
rtu
Ura
rtu
Med
ia [var
ious
]
[onl
y 1
emp
data
]
Par
thia
Sel
euci
d
Par
thia
Hun
s
Hun
s Tah
irid
Sam
anid
Byz
anti
ne E
mpi
re
Gha
znav
id
Khw
ariz
m
Byz
anti
ne E
mpi
re
Bab
ylon
Ass
yria
Med
ia
Ale
xand
er
Sel
euci
d
Hun
sS
assa
nid
Per
sia
Sas
sani
d P
ersi
a
Gha
znav
idS
elju
kA
lmor
avid
-Alm
ohad
Fat
imid
-Ayy
ubid
-Mam
eluk
** sig @ 0.01 level
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
-200
0-1
600
-120
0-8
00-4
30 100
360
620
900
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
Largest City 2nd Largest City
Ur
Lag
ash
Sus
a
Jeru
sale
m
Bab
ylon
Ecb
atan
a
Ant
ioch
Cte
siph
on
Con
stan
tino
ple
Bag
hdad
Mer
v
Bag
hdad
Con
stan
tino
ple
Tab
riz
Sam
ark
and
Con
stan
tino
ple
Mar
i
Bab
ylon
Kha
ttus
hash
Bab
ylon
Cal
ah
Nin
eveh
Bab
ylon
Sel
euci
a
Ant
ioch
Cte
siph
onA
ntio
ch
Con
stan
tino
ple
Cte
siph
on Bag
hdad
Con
stan
tino
ple
Bag
hdad
Tab
riz
Sar
ai
Tab
riz
Biv. Corr.: 0.794**Partial Corr.: 0.755**
** sig @ 0.01 level
REGIONS OF URBANIZATION
Ten Largest Cities in 650 B.C.E.
CITIES EST POPNineveh 120Lintzu 80Loyang 70Memphis 65Babylon 60
NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPBabylon 200Yenhsiatu 180Athens 155Syracuse 125Loyang 100Patna 100Memphis 100
Ten Largest Cities in 430 B.C.E.NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST
CITIES EST POPChangan 400Patna 350Alexandria 300Seleucia 200Carthage 150
Ten Largest Cities in 200 B.C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPRome 450Loyang 420Changan 333Alexandria 250Seleucia 250
Ten Largest Cities in 100 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPConstantinople 300Ctesiphon 250Rome 150Antioch 150Nanking 150Patna 150
Ten Largest Cities in 360 C.E.NAMES OF THE SIX LARGEST
CITIES EST POPConstantinople 120Ctesiphon 80Loyang 70Antioch 65Nanking 60
Ten Largest Cities in 500 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPCtesiphon 500Changan 400Constantinople 350Loyang 200Kanauj 120
Ten Largest Cities in 620 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPBaghdad 700Changan 600Loyang 300Constantinople 250Kyoto 200
Ten Largest Cities in 800 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPBaghdad 900Changan 500Constantinople 300Cordova 200Kyoto 200
Ten Largest Cities in 900 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPCordova 450Kaifeng 400Constantinpole 300Angkor 200Kyoto 175
Ten Largest Cities in 1000 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPKaifeng 442Constantinople 200Kyoto 175Baghdad 150Cairo 150Kaylan 150Marrakesh 150
Ten Largest Cities in 1100 C.E.NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST
CITIES EST POPConstantinople 200Merv 200Cairo 175Fez 160Kaifeng 150Kyoto 150Pagan 150
Ten Largest Cities in 1150 C.E.NAMES OF THE SEVEN LARGEST
CITIES EST POPHangchow 255Cairo 200Fez 200Pagan 180Kamakura 175
Ten Largest Cities in 1200 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPHangchow 320Cairo 300Fez 200Kamakura 200Pagan 180
Ten Largest Cities in 1250 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPHangchow 432Peking 401Cairo 400Paris 228Kamakura 200
Ten Largest Cities in 1300 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPHangchow 432Peking 400Cairo 350Paris 215Canton 150Kyoto 150
Ten Largest Cities in 1350 C.E.NAMES OF THE SIX LARGEST
CITIES EST POPNanknig 487Vijayanagar 400Cairo 360Paris 280Hangchow 235
Ten Largest Cities in 1400 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPPeking 600Vijayanagar 455Cairo 380Hangchow 250Tabriz 200
Ten Largest Cities in 1450 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST
CITIES EST POPPeking 672Vijayanagar 500Cairo 400Hangchow 250Tabriz 250
Ten Largest Cities in 1500 C.E.NAMES OF THE FIVE LARGEST