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Period 4 (1800 – 1848) Review Sheet Chapters 9 – 12 the America’s History Textbook Welcome to Period 4! This period accounts for roughly 10% of the exam. In past exams, this period has been a popular choice for essays and Short Answer Questions, so make sure you are able to explain main ideas! Potential Short Answer Questions/Essay Topics Include: • Causes and Impacts of the Market Revolution. • Development of the 2 nd Party System (Check out THIS video) • Causes and Impacts of the Second Great Awakening • Reasons for the growth of slavery and its effects (Check out THIS video) Why were these years chosen for this period? 1800 marked the election of Thomas Jefferson, which some historians have called The Revolution of 1800. 1848 is the year the Seneca Falls Convention occurred and was also the year the Mexican-American War ended. Key vocabulary terms to know for this time period: Impact of the Supreme Court decisions of the early 1800s - The primacy of the judiciary in determining the meaning of the Constitution (think judicial review)) and giving federal laws power over state governments (think Gibbons v. Ogden and McCulloch v. Maryland) Whigs and Democrats Disagreed over - Role and powers of the federal government, National Bank, tariffs, federally funded internal improvements (Think Henry Clay's American System) Impact of the Second Great Awakening - Moral and social reforms (think abolitionism, women's rights, temperance, etc.) Seneca Falls Convention- Women's Rights convention that sought greater equality (attended by men too such as Frederick Douglass) New innovations during the Market Revolution - Textile machinery (spinning jenny), steam engines, interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney), telegraph, and agricultural inventions (cotton gin - Whitney again) How did the Market Revolution change the production of goods? - Goods were increasingly made outside the home. Women and men began working in factories. Where did immigrants settle? - Irish settled in northern cities, Germans settled on the frontier - worked as farmers (CINCINNATI!) American System - Henry Clay!'s plan to unify the American economy. Focused on a 2nd BUS, Internal Improvements, and Tariffs. The north and midwest benefitted more than the south. Monroe Doctrine - President Monroe's message to Europe to NOT colonize any new land in Latin America. The US would stay out of European affairs. Missouri Compromise (Compromise of 1820) - 3 parts: Maine was a free state, Missouri was a slave state, everything above 3630 latitude line would be free, everything below would be slave. This applied to ONLY the Louisiana Purchase. Later overturned by the Kansas- Nebraska Act (possible synthesis point). R E A D T H I S F I R S T !
Transcript of Potential Short Answer Questions/Essay Topics Include ... · PDF fileWatch THIS video on...
Period4(1800–1848)ReviewSheetChapters9–12theAmerica’sHistoryTextbook
WelcometoPeriod4!Thisperiodaccountsforroughly10%oftheexam.Inpastexams,thisperiodhasbeenapopularchoiceforessaysandShortAnswerQuestions,somakesureyouareabletoexplainmainideas!
PotentialShortAnswerQuestions/EssayTopicsInclude:• CausesandImpactsoftheMarketRevolution.• Developmentofthe2ndPartySystem(CheckoutTHISvideo)• CausesandImpactsoftheSecondGreatAwakening• Reasonsforthegrowthofslaveryanditseffects(CheckoutTHISvideo)
Whyweretheseyearschosenforthisperiod?
1800markedtheelectionofThomasJefferson,whichsomehistorianshavecalledTheRevolutionof1800.1848istheyeartheSenecaFallsConventionoccurredandwasalsotheyeartheMexican-AmericanWarended.
Keyvocabularytermstoknowforthistimeperiod:
ImpactoftheSupremeCourtdecisionsoftheearly1800s-TheprimacyofthejudiciaryindeterminingthemeaningoftheConstitution(thinkjudicialreview))andgivingfederallawspoweroverstategovernments(thinkGibbonsv.OgdenandMcCullochv.Maryland)WhigsandDemocratsDisagreedover-Roleandpowersofthefederalgovernment,NationalBank,tariffs,federallyfundedinternalimprovements(ThinkHenryClay'sAmericanSystem)ImpactoftheSecondGreatAwakening-Moralandsocialreforms(thinkabolitionism,women'srights,temperance,etc.)SenecaFallsConvention-Women'sRightsconventionthatsoughtgreaterequality(attendedbymentoosuchasFrederickDouglass)NewinnovationsduringtheMarketRevolution-Textilemachinery(spinningjenny),steamengines,interchangeableparts(EliWhitney),telegraph,andagriculturalinventions(cottongin-Whitneyagain)HowdidtheMarketRevolutionchangetheproductionofgoods?-Goodswereincreasinglymadeoutsidethehome.Womenandmenbeganworkinginfactories.Wheredidimmigrantssettle?-Irishsettledinnortherncities,Germanssettledonthefrontier-workedasfarmers(CINCINNATI!)AmericanSystem-HenryClay!'splantounifytheAmericaneconomy.Focusedona2ndBUS,InternalImprovements,andTariffs.Thenorthandmidwestbenefittedmorethanthesouth.MonroeDoctrine-PresidentMonroe'smessagetoEuropetoNOTcolonizeanynewlandinLatinAmerica.TheUSwouldstayoutofEuropeanaffairs.MissouriCompromise(Compromiseof1820)-3parts:Mainewasafreestate,Missouriwasaslavestate,everythingabove3630latitudelinewouldbefree,everythingbelowwouldbeslave.ThisappliedtoONLYtheLouisianaPurchase.LateroverturnedbytheKansas-NebraskaAct(possiblesynthesispoint).
READTHISFIRST!
WatchTHISvideoonPeriod4beforeyouproceed.(14minutes)
1.WhatwasthesignificanceofMarburyv.Madison?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecap)2.HowdidthefollowingSupremeCourtCaseshelpestablishthesupremacyoffederaloverstatelaws?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecap)
• McCullochv.Maryland(1819):• Gibbonsv.Ogden(1824):
3.WhatwerereasonsforthegrowthoftheSecondPartySystem?(DemocratsandWhigs).(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecapofthecharacteristicsofthe2ndPartySystem)4.CompletethechartbelowbasedontheDemocratsandWhigs. Democrats WhigsRoleandPowerofFederalGovernment
ViewoftheNationalBank(2ndBUS) ViewofTariffs ViewofFederallyfundedInternalImprovements
5.IdentifyandbrieflyexplainthreeimpactsoftheSecondGreatAwakening?(CheckoutTHISvideoforarecapoftheSecondGreatAwakening)6.HowdidAfricanAmericansprotecttheirdignityandfamilystructures?7.Identifyanddescribethreedifferentabolitionists.(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecap)8.Identifyandexplaintwoexamplesofslaverebellionsbetween1800and1848.9.WhatwasthegoaloftheSenecaFallsConvention?Didtheyachievethisgoal?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecap)10.IdentifyandbrieflyexplaintwonewtechnologicalinnovationsruingtheMarketRevolution.(CheckoutTHISvideoforarecapofMarketRevolutioninventions).11.WhatwasthegoalofHenryClay’sAmericanSystem?Wasitsuccessful?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecapoftheAmericanSystem).12.WhatwasthemessageoftheMonroeDoctrine?
13.HowwereNativeAmericansimpactedasaresultofwestwardexpansion?(ProvideSPECIFIChistoricaldetails)14.WhatwerethethreepartsoftheMissouriCompromise?WhywasitimportantforboththeNorthandSouthtohavethebalanceofstatesequalat12?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecap)15.Whatisnativism?WhatareexamplesofthisduringAntebellumAmerica?(CheckoutTHISvideoforarecapofnativism)16.WhattwogroupsimmigratedinlargenumberstoAmericainthe1830sand1840s?Wheredidtheytendtosettle?(CheckoutTHISvideoforarecapof“Old”Immigration.)17.WhathappenedtotheamountofAmericansabletovoteunderAndrewJackson’sPresidency?Whatgroupswerestillnotabletovote?(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecapofJackson’spresidency)18.Howweretensions(CheckoutTHISvideoforaquickrecapoftheNullificationCrisis)
DocumentAnalysis“Iamawarethatmanyobjecttotheseverityofmylanguage;butistherenotcauseforseverity?Iwillbeasharshastruth,andasuncompromisingasjustice.Onthissubject,Idonotwishtothink,orspeak,orwrite,withmoderation.No!No!Tellamanwhosehouseisonfiretogiveamoderatealarm;tellhimtomoderatelyrescuehiswifefromthehandsoftheravisher;tellthemothertograduallyextricateherbabefromthefireintowhichithasfallen;—buturgemenottousemoderationinacauselikethepresent.Iaminearnest—Iwillnotequivocate—Iwillnotexcuse—Iwillnotretreatasingleinch—ANDIWILLBEHEARD.Theapathyofthepeopleisenoughtomakeeverystatueleapfromitspedestal,andtohastentheresurrectionofthedead.”— WilliamLloydGarrison,"TothePublic,"fromtheInauguralEditorialintheJanuary1,1831,issueofTheLiberator(CheckoutTHISvideothatbreaksdowntheabovedocument.)1.HowdoesGarrisonjustifyhisapproachtowardsslavery?2.WouldthefollowingsupportoropposeGarrison’smessage?Why?
• AmericanColonizationSociety:• SouthernPlantationOwners:• ThosethatsupportedtheWomen’sRightsMovement:
3.WhatwereargumentsusedbytheSouthtocounterGarrison’smessage?“[T]hismomentousquestion,likeafirebellinthenight,awakenedandfilledmewithterror.Iconsideredit,atonceasthe[death]knelloftheUnion.Itishushed,indeed,forthemoment.Butthisisareprieveonly,notafinalsentence.Ageographicalline,coincidingwithamarkedprinciple,moralandpolitical,onceconceivedandhelduptotheangrypassionsofmen,willneverbeobliterated;andeverynewirritationwillmarkitdeeperanddeeper.”--Source:ThomasJeffersontoJohnRandolph,April22,1820(CheckoutTHISvideothatbreaksdowntheabovedocument)1.WhatistheHistoricalContextofthisdocument?2.WhatisthePurposeofthisdocument?
“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident:thatallmenandwomenarecreatedequal;thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertaininalienablerights;thatamongthesearelife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness…..Thehistoryofmankindisahistoryofrepeatedinjuriesandusurpationonthepartofmantowardwoman,havingindirectobjecttheestablishmentofanabsolutetyrannyoverher.Toprovethis,letfactsbesubmittedtoacandidworld…
• Hehasnoteverpermittedhertoexerciseherinalienablerighttotheelectivefranchise.• Hehascompelledhertosubmittolaws,intheformationofwhichshehadnovoice.• Havingdeprivedherofthisfirstrightasacitizen,theelectivefranchise,therebyleavingherwithoutrepresentationin
thehallsoflegislation,hehasoppressedheronallsides.• Hehasmadeher,ifmarried,intheeyeofthelaw,civillydead.• Hehastakenfromherallrightinproperty,eventothewagessheearns.• Hehasdeniedherthefacilitiesforobtainingathorougheducation—allcollegesbeingclosedagainsther.-DeclarationofSentiments(1848)(CheckoutTHISvideothatbreaksdowntheabovedocument)1.WhatdocumentwastheDeclarationofSentimentsinspiredby?Howdoyouknow?Whymighttheauthorschosentohavedonethis?1.WhatistheHistoricalCircumstanceofthisdocument?2.WhoistheIntendedAudienceofthisdocument?3.WhatisthePointofViewofthedocument?4.WhatisthePurposeofthisdocument?
--“KingAndrewI”(CheckoutTHISvideothatbreaksdowntheabovepoliticalcartoon)1.Whatisthepointofviewofthecartoon?(Positive?Negative?Howdoyouknow?)2.Whatpoliticalpartywouldsupporttheimageabove?3.Whatpoliticalpartywouldopposetheimageabove?4.Wouldthefollowingpeople/groupsagreeordisagreewiththedepictionofAndrewJacksonintheimage?Why?
• NativeAmericanssuchastheCherokees:• IndividualsthatopposedtheBUS:• JohnC.Calhounandhissupporters:
“Thecommittee[oftheSouthCarolinaLegislature]havebestowedonthesubjectsreferredtothemthedeliberateattentionwhichtheirimportancedemands;andtheresult,onfullinvestigation,isaunanimousopinionthattheactofCongressofthelastsession,withthewholesystemoflegislationimposingdutiesonimports,notforrevenue,
buttheprotectionofonebranchofindustryattheexpenseofothers,isunconstitutional,unequal,andoppressive,andcalculatedtocorruptthepublicvirtueanddestroythelibertyofthecountry;whichpropositionstheyproposetoconsiderintheorderstated,andthentoconcludetheirreportwiththeconsiderationoftheimportantquestionoftheremedy.”--SouthCarolinaExpositionandProtest,18281.WhatissuedoestheSouthCarolinalegislaturehavewithCongress?2.Whatregion(s)ofthecountrywouldagreewiththemessage?3.Whatregion(s)ofthecountrywoulddisagreewiththemessage?4.DoesthisdocumentsupporttheAmericanSystem?Howdoyouknow?5.WhatistheHistoricalCircumstanceofthisdocument?6.WhoistheIntendedAudienceofthisdocument?7.WhatisthePointofViewofthedocument?8.WhatisthePurposeofthisdocument?
(CheckoutTHISvideothatbreaksdowntheabovepoliticalcartoon)1.WhatistheHistoricalCircumstanceofthisdocument?2.WhoistheIntendedAudienceofthisdocument?3.WhatisthePointofViewofthedocument?4.WhatisthePurposeofthisdocument?
