Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift...
-
Upload
whitney-georgina-singleton -
Category
Documents
-
view
228 -
download
0
Transcript of Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift...
![Page 1: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Post-World War II YearsPost-World War II Years
![Page 2: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
OverviewOverview
• Political Developments• Military Developments • The Berlin Airlift • Lessons Learned • Aviation Research and
Development
• Political Developments• Military Developments • The Berlin Airlift • Lessons Learned • Aviation Research and
Development
![Page 3: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Political Developments Political Developments • Results of World War II
– U.S. is elevated to superpower– Concerned with world affairs
•Smaller nations can no longer afford to defend themselves
– U.S. now vulnerable to long range bombers and ICBMs
• Results of World War II– U.S. is elevated to superpower– Concerned with world affairs
•Smaller nations can no longer afford to defend themselves
– U.S. now vulnerable to long range bombers and ICBMs
![Page 4: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Communism– Russia would not allow nations occupied at end of war to
determine their own form of government• East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Bulgaria, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Albania, North Korea, Northern China
• Chinese civil war, French Indochina– U.S. military aid to Turkey, Greece– Marshall Plan provides economic aid to rebuild Europe– North Atlantic Treaty Organization established, Apr 1949
• Nemesis, Warsaw Pact, May 1955
– Russia would not allow nations occupied at end of war to determine their own form of government
• East Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Bulgaria, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Albania, North Korea, Northern China
• Chinese civil war, French Indochina– U.S. military aid to Turkey, Greece– Marshall Plan provides economic aid to rebuild Europe– North Atlantic Treaty Organization established, Apr 1949
• Nemesis, Warsaw Pact, May 1955
![Page 5: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
• Force Reduction – The end of World War II began a new
age for the United States and the military
– Army reduced from 8M to 2M– Navy from 4M to 1.6M– Air Force from 2.3M to 300K, 72K to 10K
– About 2M by 1950
– National Security Act of 1947• Department of Defense• Civilian service secretaries, Chief of Staff• Joint Chiefs of Staff• Separate Air Force
• Force Reduction – The end of World War II began a new
age for the United States and the military
– Army reduced from 8M to 2M– Navy from 4M to 1.6M– Air Force from 2.3M to 300K, 72K to 10K
– About 2M by 1950
– National Security Act of 1947• Department of Defense• Civilian service secretaries, Chief of Staff• Joint Chiefs of Staff• Separate Air Force
Military Developments Military Developments
![Page 6: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Military Developments Military Developments • Reorganization
– Strategic Air Command•Nuclear deterrence•Obsolete aircraft and few atomic bombs
•B-29, B-50, B-36 –10,000 lbs, 10,000 miles
• Reorganization – Strategic Air Command
•Nuclear deterrence•Obsolete aircraft and few atomic bombs
•B-29, B-50, B-36 –10,000 lbs, 10,000 miles
![Page 7: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Military Developments Military Developments – Tactical Air Command
•P-80, B-45, F-84– Air Defense Command
•Approved plan for major aircraft control and warning network (unfunded until 1949)
• Budget constraints
– Tactical Air Command•P-80, B-45, F-84
– Air Defense Command•Approved plan for major aircraft control and warning network (unfunded until 1949)
• Budget constraints
![Page 8: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Berlin Airlift The Berlin Airlift • Causes
– Soviet Union wanted buffer zone to prevent future attacks from west
– June 1948, blockade of Berlin• Participants
– U.S.– England– France– Soviet Union
• Causes– Soviet Union wanted buffer zone to
prevent future attacks from west– June 1948, blockade of Berlin
• Participants– U.S.– England– France– Soviet Union
![Page 9: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Berlin Airlift The Berlin Airlift • Role of Air Power
– The airlift began using 110 outdated C-47 aircraft or “Gooney Birds,” 2-3 tons
– 3 air corridors, 20 miles wide– C-54, 10 tons each, 200 by October– May 4, 1949, Berlin airlift came to end
•1.75M tons
• Role of Air Power – The airlift began using 110 outdated C-
47 aircraft or “Gooney Birds,” 2-3 tons– 3 air corridors, 20 miles wide– C-54, 10 tons each, 200 by October– May 4, 1949, Berlin airlift came to end
•1.75M tons
![Page 10: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Lessons Learned Lessons Learned • Importance of Airpower
– Transport Aircraft•More experience because of Berlin airlift in
year than in 10 years•C-74, 24 tons, 14 total
• Importance of Airpower– Transport Aircraft
•More experience because of Berlin airlift in year than in 10 years
•C-74, 24 tons, 14 total
![Page 11: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Aviation Research and Development
Aviation Research and Development
• Research Centers– Speed of sound; vibrations, control reversal, aircraft
destruction– Laboratory experiments then test aircraft
• Research Aircraft – X-1, 670 mph, 42,000 ft, increased until 1956
air launched from B-29 at 23,000 ft 700, 43,000 ft (Oct 1947)
– X-2, 2,094 mph, but disintegrated in flight– X-3, inadequate engine power– X-5, variable angle wings
– Speed of Sound?
• Research Centers– Speed of sound; vibrations, control reversal, aircraft
destruction– Laboratory experiments then test aircraft
• Research Aircraft – X-1, 670 mph, 42,000 ft, increased until 1956
air launched from B-29 at 23,000 ft 700, 43,000 ft (Oct 1947)
– X-2, 2,094 mph, but disintegrated in flight– X-3, inadequate engine power– X-5, variable angle wings
– Speed of Sound?
![Page 12: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Aviation Research and Development
Aviation Research and Development
• Research Centers– Speed of sound; vibrations, control reversal, aircraft
destruction– Laboratory experiments then test aircraft
• Research Aircraft – X-1, 670 mph, 42,000 ft, increased until 1956– X-2, 2,094 mph, but disintegrated in flight– X-3, inadequate engine power– X-5, variable angle wings
– Speed of Sound?
770 mph at 70 degrees700 mph at -20 degreesLess at colder temperatures
• Research Centers– Speed of sound; vibrations, control reversal, aircraft
destruction– Laboratory experiments then test aircraft
• Research Aircraft – X-1, 670 mph, 42,000 ft, increased until 1956– X-2, 2,094 mph, but disintegrated in flight– X-3, inadequate engine power– X-5, variable angle wings
– Speed of Sound?
770 mph at 70 degrees700 mph at -20 degreesLess at colder temperatures
![Page 13: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Aviation Research and Development
Aviation Research and Development
• Medical Research – How much can human body stand?– G-suits prevent blood from pooling in legs, partial
then full pressure suits– Ejection seats
• Medical Research – How much can human body stand?– G-suits prevent blood from pooling in legs, partial
then full pressure suits– Ejection seats
![Page 14: Post-World War II Years. Overview Political Developments Military Developments The Berlin Airlift Lessons Learned Aviation Research and Development Political.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062518/5697bf891a28abf838c89bd0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
• Political Developments• Military Developments • The Berlin Airlift • Lessons Learned • Aviation Research and
Development
• Political Developments• Military Developments • The Berlin Airlift • Lessons Learned • Aviation Research and
Development
ConclusionConclusion