Post industrialization
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Transcript of Post industrialization
And the upheaval, instability, and redefining that comes with it !?!?!?!
People living within defined territorial
borders and sharing a common culture.
Anthropologists classify societies based on how they meet the basic needs of its members.
Educational Basis:
Hunting gameMobility and flexibilityKnowledge of territoryKnowledge of edible plantsFood PreparationFamily loyaltySharing
Educational Basis:
GardeningTool MakingFamily LoyaltyCooperation
Educational Basis:
Raising animalsKnowledge of grazing territoryKnowledge of proper foods for animalsKnowledge of butchering and cookingKnowledge of milkingPottery MakingTool MakingTextile Making
Educational Basis:
Use of animals and tools to farmInnovation and InventivenessFamily LoyaltyTradeCivil UnderstandingRespect for HiearchyLiteracy for the fewNational Loyalty
Educational Basis:
Factory workCivic responsibilityWorkplace responsibilityLiteracy – Reading and WritingNumeracy – ArithmeticMechanical KnowledgeTradeNationalism
Relative stability with more permanent or at least long term settlementsFamily became more basic to social lifeSocieties became more male dominatedCreation of a complex division of labor
Pottery, tools, clothingPolitical and religious leadersTrade with other peoplesMild social stratification
Being able to do the things necessary to preserve long term settlement was more important than knowing where gather and being able to migrate to good hunting grounds.
Larger more permanent settlements, and cities developed
The establishment of written language and written records
The transition from settlements and communities to the emergence of societies, civilizations, and empires
Highly define class systems
Stronger Central Government
More specialized roles and occupations
Trade and the creation of monetary and banking systems
Being able to manage and maximize the use of both animals and land in a most efficient manner was more important than just sustaining the family
Farming was mainly done by lower peasant labor. This freed other members of society to pursue other occupations and interests such as………….
Scholars
Religious Leaders(Scholars and Philosophers)
Military Warriors
Skilled Tradesmen and Artisans
Political Leaders
Mechanization
Science and technology used to produce goods and services
Change away from simple, traditional technology towards the application of scientific knowledge to create more complex technological devices.
With mechanization, farmers were able to produce a surplus of food.
Urbanization
Food surpluses enabled people to move away from farms and villages to larger cities.
Formal schooling with the intent of creating a broadly educated and trained labor force became the norm. Functionally literacy became more of a necessity as well as one’s ability to comply with the demands of factory hierarchy.
Agricultural – Warfare and violence for the purpose of establishing nations and empires
Industrial – Child labor in order to maximize profit and minimize labor costs
Why are factories shutting down?
Where are factories relocating?
Why can’t I get a high paying job with or even without a high school education like my grandpa could?
Why are there not as many jobs that require heavy labor and manufacturing?
Hunting and Gathering – 2 million to 10,000 years ago
Horticultural – 12,000 to 10,000 years ago
Pastoral – 12,000 to 10,000 years ago
Agricultural – Began approximately 8,000 years ago
Industrial – Began approximately 240 years ago
Service sector jobs have increased while labor/industrial jobs have decreased.
With this comes a new form of ………….
Instability
Global competition
Declining Wages
Need for more specialized training for workforce
Decrease industrial/labor jobs that traditionally paid well
Rise in crime and social disorder
Decline of kinship as a social institution
Marriages and births declined
Trust and confidence in institutions went into a forty year decline.
1. For the first time, the majority of the labor force are employed in services rather than agriculture or manufacturing.
2. White-collar employment replaces much blue-collar work
Blue collar – Secondary sector occupations where manufacturing goods is the primary focus
White collar – Tertiary sector occupations where providing services is the primary focus
3. Technical knowledge is the key organizing feature
4. Technological change is planned and assessed
5. Reliance on computer modeling in all areas
The definition of literacy has completely changed. Being able to read and write was once the definition of literacy. Now it is the foundation to literacy. Literacy today entails much more than just being able to functionally read and write. It involves being able to use present and developing technologies in a manner that adds to the productivity of the postindustrial workforce
#1 Priority – Education
Literacy is no longer just being able to read and write; it is also being able to think independently and outside of the box. Included with these is technology literacy, where one is literate with computer technology. Elementary and secondary schools need to upgrade facilities to adequately meet student needs in terms of becoming literate in a Postindustrial society.
Most importantly:
It is up to each and every one of us to always improve our mastery of Postindustrial literacy. This is our “assembly line” and “factory work.”
“According to Francis Fukuyama, the social instability is now lessening.” (Sociology and You, P.163)
As Postindustrial literacy improves, instability will decrease as it did with other societies.
It’s up to all of us, let’s meet the challenge!