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What is Demand Response?

• Management of electrical consumption

• Active alleviation of grid stress

• Load Shedding during peak demand periods

Controlled Load

Shedding / Balancing

Decreased Grid Stress

Demand ResponseFinancial

Incentives


The Shocking Truth… DR is more than a “nice to have”, it is a necessary tool for a reliable grid

• It is estimated that a 5% lowering of demand would result in a 50% price reduction during the peak hours of the Californian electricity crisis in 2000/2001.

• If demand continues to grow unabated, to meet future demand will require 1,300 new power plants supplying 400 GW by 2020.

• It’s not just big corporations driving up demand… It’s you too!

Source: Schneider Electric and Peter Schwartz & Associates 2008


The Importance of Demand Response

PG&E Rates and Incentive

Demand Rate $10-12/KW

Demand Response Incentive

$200-$250/KW

• The Problem– Utility grid under significant amounts of stress due to increased requirement

– Grids have not changed to meet increased energy requirements

– Utilities have increasing brown outs

– Grid stability and energy sustainability decreasing constantly

• The Solution– Demand Response allows utilities to cut back energy demand when grid is under stress

– Demand Response allows for increased grid stability without expensive grid upgrades

– Open ADR = Automated Demand Response gives the utilities control


Developing a Comprehensive Energy Strategy is useful for all corporations, well beyond DR alone

Energy Efficiency

Demand Management

Demand Response

Alternate Energy


Eliminating complications are key to customer acceptance

• Easy

• Simple

• Reliable

Demand Response Should Be:

Demand Response Implementation:

• Manual Demand Response Actions

• Automated Demand Response Systems


Pros and cons exist for different DR implementation methods

Manual Methods Automated Systems

Pros

• No financial outlay for equipment

Cons

• Relies on the human component vulnerable to distractions, error

• Electrical loads are either On or Off No “dialling down” duty cycles

• DR times can be unpredictable disruptions to people’s schedules

• Difficult to gather reporting

Pros

• Increased reliability

• Some can “dial down” duty cycles

• Should have auditing and reporting capabilities

Cons • Easy to get wrapped up in “nice to haves” Expense


IP “edge devices” simplify making the invisible… visible!

Critical for successful DR testing, event confirmation

Real-Time Control and Reporting down to the level of each load is a “must have” to confirm activity


From Theory to Practice: Consumers are more likely to accept DR if it is simple, quiet, unobtrusive

Top 3 consuming load types• HVAC

• Lighting

• Refrigeration

Principles to Shed by:• HVAC easiest to shed to avoid noticeable disruption

• Avoid thermostat setbacks that can induce unnecessarily high peaks

• Occupant comfort can be reasonably maintained if “dialing down” duty cycles


Case Study of a Wireless DR Installation

REGEN Communications Gateway

REGEN Control Centre

Application Server

and Data Storage

REGEN Controllers

Monitoring and controlling

Rooftop HVAC units

REGEN Controllers

Monitoring and controlling

hot water tanks

REGEN Controllers

monitoring lighting loads

Lighting Control Server

Lighting

HTTP

HTTP Connection

Wireless Connection

Web browser

Monitor loads,

invoke DR Control

HTTP

Hot water tanks

HVAC Units

Wired Connection

HVAC, DHW, Lighting loads in an office building

EnviroGrid™ controllers use swarm logic to reduce and smooth demand

Integrated IP-based reporting and DR control

7x24 Peak DM as an additional benefit even when DR not invoked


Specific lessons from case study

Implementation costs – and benefits can vary dramatically by type of load

Real-time control and verification of DR activity is key

Invasive DR causes negative occupant reactions

Swarm load-balancing less invasive than thermostat setbacks

IP-based connectivity simplifies & reduces implementation costs

Baseline

DR


REGEN EnviroGrid™ For Smart Grid

HeatingHVAC Cooling InformationLighting

• EnviroGrid™ delivers automated, command and control of cooling, heating and lighting edge devices using SWARM logic

• Intelligent, adaptive management and on going measurement of environmental edge devices using a non-intrusive comfort neutral approach.

• Reduce CAPEX and OPEX by curbing peak demand and enabling demand response for more efficient use of energy loads.


Lighting

Heating

EnviroGrid Customer Portal

EnviroGridServer

EnviroGridWeb 2.0 APIs

HVAC

Commercial Pumps

Using a ZigBee mesh network, and REGEN’s patented methodology, controllers communicate and cooperate the same way swarms do.

Each controller makes a decision every 15 minutes based on the total collective info to ensure most efficient use of energy

Optional modem allows for two way communication over the Internet. Power readings are sent without the need for a local computer or BAS/EMS

Communication takes place between all units every 2 minutes

All units can be controlled and monitored through the EnviroGrid Portal


EnviroGrid™ captures the simplicity and features that drive customer DR acceptance

Easy, fast to deploy in an entire facility in hours

Patent-pending swarm logic methods reduce demand, not comfort

Provides full real-time control and reporting to confirm DR activity

Automated DR capabilities without the need for complex operator training and monitoring

Post globe 2010 chris beaver

Education

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