Positive thinking

POSITIVE THINKING

Dr K M SONI, CHIEF ENGINEER, WZ-I, MUMBAI

dr k m soni, positive thinking 2

THINKING

• THINKING IS THE MENTAL PROCESS• THINKING MAY BE MANIPULATIVE INFORMATION• THINKING IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS• THINKING PRODUCES THOUGHTS• THINKING HELPS TO TAKE DECISIONS• THOUGHTS MAY BE IMPLEMENTABLE AND ALSO

NON-IMPLEMENTABLE. NON-IMPLEMENTABLE THOUGHTS ARE NORMALLY MORE THAN IMPLEMENTABLE


• THINKING IS THUS FROM MENTAL FORMS, AND PROCESSES AND INVOLVES THE MENTAL MANIPULATION OF INFORMATION AS AND WHEN WE FORM CONCEPTS, ENGAGE IN PROBLEM SOLVING, REASON AND MAKE DECISION.


THINKING• THINKING MAY BE ABOUT ANYTHING, ASSOCITAED OR

MAY NOT BE ASSOCIATED WITH THE THINKER AT ALL.• THINKING MAY BE ABOUT A PERSON, ANIMAL, BIRD,

LIVING OR NON LIVING BODY, INCIDENT, ARTICLE, MATERIAL, LANGUAGE, RELIGION, UNIVERSE, OR EVEN IMAGINARY AND NON EXISTING ONES.

• THINKING MAY BE FOR SELF ALSO.• THINKING MAY BE ON THOUGHT ITSELF.THUS THINKING MAY BE ABOUT ANYTHING AND

EVERYTHING.


THINKING MAY BE CONVERGENT THINKING OR DIVERGENT THINKING


SOMETIMES THINKING IS ALSO CLASSIFIED AS CREATIVE, CRITICAL, DIVERGENT, CONVERGENT AND INDUCTIVE THINKING


• CREATIVE THINKING: (CONVERGENT THINKING). IT ASSESSES THE WORTH AND VALIDITY OF SOMETHING EXISTENT INVOLVING PRECISE, PERSISTENT, OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS.

• CRITICAL THINKING: (DIVERGENT THINKING). IT GENERATES SOMETHING NEW OR DIFFERENT. IT INVOLVES HAVING A DIFFERENT IDEA THAT WORKS AS WELL OR BETTER THAN PREVIOUS IDEAS.

• CONVERGENT THINKING: THIS TYPE OF THINKING IS COGNITIVE PROCESSING OF INFORMATION AROUND A COMMON POINT, AN ATTEMPT TO BRING THOUGHTS FROM DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS INTO A UNION OR COMMON CONCLUSION.

• DIVERGENT THINKING: THIS TYPE OF THINKING STARTS FROM A COMMON POINT AND MOVES OUTWARD INTO A VARIETY OF PERSPECTIVES.

• INDUCTIVE THINKING: THIS IS THE PROCESS OF REASONING FROM PARTS TO THE WHOLE, FROM EXAMPLES TO GENERALIZATIONS.

TYPE OF THINKING BASED ON IDEAS

• AUTISTIC THINKING: PREOCCUPATION WITH INNER THOUGHTS, DAY DREAMS, FANTASIES, PRIVATE LOGICS, EGOCENTRIC, SUBJECTIVE THINKING LACKING OBJECTIVITY AND CONNECTION WITH EXTERNAL REALITY.

• REALISTIC THINKING: CONTROLLED, CONSTRUCTIVE, DIRECTIVE, REALISTIC AND FACTUAL BASED THINKING.

8DR K M SONI, POSITIVE THINKING

• NARRATIVE OR LINEAR THINKING (STORY TELLER) – DISTINCT START, MIDDLE AND END.

• VISUALLY THINKING (THROUGH VISUALS) • SYSTEM ORIENTED THINKING OR STRATEGIC

THINKING (THROUGH FLOWCHARTS AND DIAGRAMS)

• ASSOCIATIVE THINKING (METAPHOR OR PROXY) – CHAOTIC AND DIGRESSIVE IDEAS

• LOGICAL THINKING (SERIES OF CHOICES)


• ORGANIZER’S THINKING (COMPLEX PROBLEMS INTO SIMPLE LISTING)

• ARCHITECTURAL THINKING (ARRANGING INTO HIERARCHY)

• INTUITIVE THINKING (ROUGH IDEA TO FEEL RIGHT THINKING)

• LEADERSHIP THINKING (GOAL ORIENTED THINKING)

• VISIONARY THINKING (IMAGINARY THINKING)



AUTISTIC THINKING• THIS IS OTHERWISE CALLED FREE-FLOATING

THINKING. THIS IS MORE COMMON AMONG CHILDREN. IT IS AWAY FROM REALITY. THERE ARE NO RESTRICTIONS OF REALITY OR OF TIME AND SPACE. IT IS NOT GOAL ORIENTED OR PROBLEM ORIENTED.

• GENERALLY SUCH THINKING WILL BE HIGHLY PRIVATE AND THE INDIVIDUAL MAY USE SYMBOLS WITH VERY PERSONAL MEANINGS. INDIVIDUAL’S PERSONAL WANTS ARE INVOLVED IN THIS KIND OF THINKING AND HE TRIES TO FULFIL THEM.


FORMS OF AUTISTIC THINKING


FANTASY• ALSO CALLED DAY DREAMING, I.E. DREAMING IN AN AWAKEN

STATE. IT IS LIKE BUILDING CASTLES IN THE AIR. IN SUCH DREAMING WE IMAGINE THINGS OR SITUATIONS AS WE WANT, NOT AS THEY ARE. THAT IS HOW ONE IS ABLE TO FULFIL THOSE WANTS WHICH CANNOT BE FULFILLED IN REALITY.

• EVEN THE IMPOSSIBLE THINGS BECOME POSSIBLE. FOR EXAMPLE, A CATTLE BOY GRAZING CATTLE IN A FIELD MAY DREAM AS THOUGH HE IS TRAVELLING IN AN AERO PLANE. A YOUNG ADULT MAY DREAM TO BECOME A FAMOUS HERO, ETC.

• THE INDIVIDUAL MAY FIND SOME PLEASURE OR RELIEF FROM TENSION TEMPORARILY BY FANTASY. BUT TOO MUCH OF DAY DREAMING MAY MAKE HIM INCAPABLE OF FACING REALITY.


DREAMING

SIGMUND FREUD HAS STATED THAT THE DREAMS ARE WISH FULFILMENTS. OUR DESIRES WHICH ARE NOT FULFILLED IN REALITY APPEAR IN THE FORM OF DREAMS AND GET FULFILLED. THERE ARE NO RESTRICTIONS FOR IDEAS APPEARING IN THE DREAMS. THEY MAY APPEAR DIRECTLY OR IN DISGUISE FORM


IMAGINATION

IMAGINATION IS A MENTAL ACTIVITY IN WHICH WE MAKE USE OF IMAGES. IN THE PROCESS OF IMAGINATION WE WILL NOT BE HAVING SENSE PERCEPTION. WE WILL NOT BE IN TOUCH WITH REALITY; WE WILL HAVE ONLY MENTAL IMAGES. HENCE, WE MAY GO WRONG IN OUR THINKING


REVERIE

THIS IS ALSO LIKE FANTASY. IN FANTASY WE WILL HAVE SOME IDEAS AND GOALS, BUT IN REVERIE, THERE WILL BE NO IDEAS AT ALL. MIND WILL BE FLOATING FREELY AND ANY AND EVERYTHING MAY COME TO MIND AND GO AWAY


CONTROLLED THINKING

IT IS OTHERWISE CALLED DIRECTED THINKING. IT IS AIMED AT SOLVING PROBLEMS OR CREATING SOMETHING NEW. HERE WE REGULATE THE PROCESS OF THINKING. OUR THOUGHTS WILL BE IN TOUCH WITH REALITY AND THE THINKING WILL BE GOAL DIRECTED


FORMS OF CONTROLLED THINKING


REASONING

THIS IS ALSO A KIND OF THINKING. IT IS DEFINED AS A “PROCESS OF ARRIVING AT A NEW JUDGEMENT ON THE BASIS OF ONE OR MORE JUDGMENTS AS PREMISES”. IN REASONING THERE WILL BE CHECKING AND RECHECKING OF THE CONCLUSIONS ARRIVED AT, BASED ON CERTAIN FACTS OR DATA


TYPES OF REASONING• INDUCTIVE REASONING: IN THIS KIND OF REASONING THERE IS A

SHIFT FROM INDIVIDUAL TO THE UNIVERSAL; IN THE SENSE THAT, GENERALIZATION IS MADE ON THE BASIS OF A SERIES OF INDIVIDUAL EXPERIENCES REGARDING A PARTICULAR THING. SO THE CONCLUSION DRAWN IS WIDER THAN PREMISES. FOR EXAMPLE, WE ARRIVE AT A CONCLUSION THAT ALL POLITICIANS ARE SELFISH AFTER SEEING MANY POLITICIANS

• DEDUCTIVE REASONING: IN DEDUCTIVE REASONING WE SHIFT FROM UNIVERSAL TO THE PARTICULAR AND THE CONCLUSION DRAWN IS NARROWER THAN THE PREMISES. FOR EXAMPLE, ALL ACTRESSES ARE BEAUTIFUL. SO THE ACTRESS THAT I SEE ALSO MUST BE BEAUTIFUL

• GENERALLY IN REASONING LOGICAL PRINCIPLES ARE APPLIED TO OUR THINKING. IT WILL BE MOST DIRECTED TOWARDS GETTING AT CERTAIN CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES


PROBLEM SOLVING• A PROBLEM IS ANY CONFLICT OR DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

ONE SITUATION AND ANOTHER SITUATION WE WISH TO PRODUCE OUR GOAL. THE THINKING THAT WE DO IN PROBLEM SOLVING IS THUS GOAL DIRECTED AND MOTIVATED BY THE NEED TO REDUCE THE DISCREPANCY BETWEEN ONE STATE OF AFFAIR AND ANOTHER. IN TRYING TO REACH THE GOAL OF PROBLEM SOLUTION, WE USE INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO US FROM LONG-TERM MEMORY

• PROBLEM SOLVING CAN BE DONE BY TRIAL AND ERROR OR BY INSIGHT


OVERALL THINKING/THOUGHTS MAY BE

NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE


WHY NEGATIVE THINKING?

• EVERYONE HAS OWN THINKING• UNIVERSE HAS ITS OWN RULES• WE BY NATURE MAY LIKE TO HAVE

COMFORTS• WE BY NATURE LIKE TO HAPPEN INCIDENTS

ACCORDING TO OUR WISHES• AND IT CANNOT HAPPEN SO NEGATIVE

THINKING STARTS


WHY MORE NEGATIVE THINKING?

• NEGATIVE THINKING– IS EASY AND MORE PREVALENT– JUST REMEMBER AND IT COMES UNINVITED– IT COMES EFFORTLESSLY– IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH STATUS, MONEY

AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS


THINKING AND THOUGHTS

• THINKING IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS.• CONTINUOUS THINKING ON “SOMETHING” STARTS

TAKING SHAPE OF THOUGHTS. • MOST OF THE THOUGHTS WHICH ARE NOT PART OF

CONTINUOUS THINKING PROCESS ARE LOST OR FORGOTTEN.

• BUT EVEN SUCH THOUGHTS AFFECT TO YOUR THINKING AND THOUGHT PROCESS.

• CONTINUOUS THINKING TAKES THE SHAPE OF THOUGHTS


SOURCES OF THOUGHTS• SOURCES OF THOUGHTS MAY BE ANYTHING AND EVERYTHING SUCH AS;

– BOOKS– TV/NEWS– NEWSPAPERS– PARENTS– TEACHERS– REFORMERS– NATURE– SAINTS– MEN/WOMEN/CHILDREN– ANIMALS/BIRDS– MONEY/BENEFITS/GREED/LOVE/HATE– AND SO ON


THOUGHT PROCESS

• LIKE THINKING, THOUGHT PROCESS IS ALSO A CONTINUOUS PROCESS

• INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT BOTH AFFECT THOUGHT PROCESS. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND A PERSON IN WHICH ONE LIVES OR WORKS WHILE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT IS THE ONE IN WHICH ONE DOES NOT LIVE BUT GETS ITS KNOWLEDGE


REINFORCEMNT OF THOUGHTS

• REINFORCEMENT OF THOUGHTS TAKES PLACE DURING THOUGHT PROCESS PARTICULARLY FROM INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT AND MAY GET REINFORCED EVEN FROM EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT


CLASSIFICATION OF THOUGHTSTHOUGHTS MAY BE;• CREATIVE THOUGHTS• DECISION MAKING THOUGHTS• ERRONEOUS THOUGHTS• EMOTIONAL THOUGHTS• PROBLEM SOLVING THOUGHTS• REASONING THOUGHTS• MACHINE THOUGHTS• ORGANISATIONAL THOUGHTS• ---


FACTORS AFFECTING THINKING AND THOUGHTS

• ATTITUDE• COMMON SENSE• EXPERIENCE• INSTINCT• INTELLIGENCE• MINDSET• WISDOM• EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT• STAGE OF HEALTH• COMPANIONS• COGNITIVE STYLE


TYPES OF THOUGHTS

• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS• ANIMAL THOUGHTS• POSITIVE THOUGHTS• HUMAN THOUGHTS


NEGATIVE THOUGHTS

• ONE MAY NOT LIKE TO GO SCHOOL AND SO A NEGATIVE THOUGHT MAY COME TO A CHILD’S MIND TO TELL PARENTS THAT HE OR SHE HAS HEADACHE.

• ONE MAY LIKE TO TAKE LEAVE FROM OFFICE AND A NEGATIVE THOUGHT MAY COME IN HIS MIND THAT HIS BOSS MAY NOT ALLOW IT.


NEGATIVE THOUGHTS• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS ARE PART OF LIFE• THERE MAY BE MANY NEGATIVE THOUGHTS, MANY

TIMES NEGATIVITY OF POSITIVE THOUGHTS• SINCE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS REQUIRE MORE

JUSTIFICATION AND EFFORTS TO CONVINCE OTHER (S) OR ONESELF, THESE GO ON OCCUPYING MIND FOR LONG PERIOD

• MOST OF THE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS ARE AWAY FROM THE TRUTH OR TRADITIONS, PHILOSOPHY, CUSTOMS HENCE THEY REQUIRE EXTRA EFFORTS AND ENERGY IN JUSTIFICATION


NEGATIVE THOUGHTS

• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS START FROM OUR OWN CIRCLES

• FIRST TARGET OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS MAY BE OUR OWN FAMILY MEMBERS, RELATIVES, FRIENDS, EVEN CHILDREN AND PARENTS. THUS NEGATIVE THOUGHTS START FROM KNOWN MEMBERS IN CONTACT

• WHEN NEGATIVE THOUGHTS BECOME STRONG, TARGET GROUP MAY EXTEND AND INCLUDE SOCIETY AND UNKNOWNS


WHY NEGATIVE THOUGHTS?NEGATIVE THOUGHTS MAY BE DUE TO • FEAR• UNCERTAINTY• STRESS• OVERCONFIDENCE• LACK OF CONFIDENCE• LACK OF FAR SIGHTEDNESS• JEALOUS BEHAVIOUR• INFERIORITY COMPLEX• SUPERIORITY COMPLEX


EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS• ENERGY IS WASTED RATHER DRAINED OUT• CREATES HABIT OF JUSTIFYING UNTRUTH• CREATES NATURE OF ARGUMENTS, HATRED AND

QUARREL• PRODUCES ANGER, DESIRES, GREED, EGO ETC • PRODUCES CONFUSION AND FRUSTATION• PRODUCES JEALOUSY AND STRESS• DETERIORATION OF HEALTH• AND OTHER SIMILAR EFFECTS


NEGATIVE THOUGHTS

• NEGATIVE THOUGHTS IF NOT GIVEN UP, THEY BECOME STRONGER

• IF INTERNAL OR/AND EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT HELPS DURING THIS PROCESS, NEGATIVE THOUGHTS BECOME VERY STRONG AND OVERPOWER POSITIVE THOUGHTS


POWER OF NEGATIVE THOUGHTS

• ONCE NEGATIVE THOUGHTS OVERPOWER POSITIVE THOUGHTS, THEY LEAD TO DISASTER TO ONE’S BODY AND MIND. NEGATIVE THOUGHTS THEN CONTROL TOTALLY ONE’S MIND


CONSEQUENCES OF NEGATIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS

• INDUCES SELF TALK• ANGER• FRUSTATION• IRRITATION• ANXIETY• DEPRESSION• STRESS• DETERIORATION OF HEALTH• LACK OF APPETITE AND EATING DISORDER• LACK OF DEPREVITION • NEGATIVE EMOTIONS• NEGATIVE EVENTS• WASTAGE OF TIME


IT IS EXTREMELY DIFFICULT TO STOP NEGATIVE THOUGHTS


BUT IT IS RELATIVELY EASY TO CONTROL NEGATIVE THOUGHTS SO THAT THEY DO NOT BECOME POWERFUL AND BEYOND CONTROL


POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS• SELF POSITIVE ANALYSIS• STRESS MANAGEMENT• HEALTH BENEFITS• INCREASES LIFE SPAN• REDUCES DEPRESSION• LOWERS DISTRESS• GREATER RESISTANCE TO THE COMMON DISEASES• BETTER PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL WELL-BEING• REDUCES RISK OF DEATH FROM CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE• BETTER COPING SKILLS DURING HARDSHIPS AND TIMES OF STRESS• KEEPS ONE HAPPY


WHY POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS?

• FOR STRESSLESS SITUATION• FOR CONTROLLING ANGER• FOR GETTING SATISFACTION• FOR BEING HAPPY


FOR POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS

• IDENTIFY AREAS TO CHANGE• CHECK YOURSELF• ADOPT HUMOUR• FOLLOW HEALTHY LIFESTYLE• LIVE WITH POSITIVE PEOPLE• PRACTICE POSITIVE SELF TALK• PRACTICE POSITIVE THINKING


• READ POSITIVE LITERATURE• HAVE CONSTRUCTIVE THOUGHTS• SMILE/LAUGH• REMAIN WITH POSITIVE PEOPLE• REMAIN COOL• TAKE RESPONSIBILITY• KEEP HELPING ATTITUDE AND HELP OTHERS• ADOPT HABITS OF ENJOYMENT LIKE LISTENING

TO SINGS, PLAYING INSTRUMENTS, SINGING, • EXPRESS YOUR FEELINGS


POSITIVE THINKING/THOUGHTS

• BUILDS UP LEARNING AND SKILLS• IMPROVES HEALTH• IMPROVES PRODUCTIVITY• IMPROVES EFFICIENCY• INFUSE SENSE OF JOY, CONTENTMENT AND LOVE • CREATES HAPPINESS• LEADS TO SUCCESS AND HAPPINESS• MAKES GOOD RELATIONS


FOR POSITIVE THOUGHTS

• ADOPT MEDITATION• CREATIVE AND POSITIVE WRITING• PLAY GAMES• STAY WITH POSITIVE THINKING PERSONS• KEEP CALM


POSITIVE THOUGHTS

• INCREASE– DETERMINATION– WILL POWER– CONFIDENCE

• REDUCE– FEAR

• KEEP YOU HAPPY


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, chant any “mantra” you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, listen song/music you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, share with positive thinking persons or just talk to your friend/family member you trust. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, try meditation or even yoga/exercise to keep away negative thinking.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, enjoy nature if you like or similar spots you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, read or write something you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, post something positive on social sites or just read the posts you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, watch movie, television serial, news or whatever you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you away from negative thoughts.


If you get negative thinking/thoughts, think something else if you can and try to note down. It will change your negative thinking.


In brief, if you get negative thinking/thoughts, divert your mind to something else on positive side you like. It will change your negative thinking and keep you happy.


AND REMEMBER “CHANGE”

• Change is the law of nature• We are not same as were few years back and

will not be after few years so change is in us also

• Everything is changingSO ADOPT CHANGE FOR POSITIVE THINKING


ADOPT POSITIVE THINKING TO REMAIN HAPPY

Positive thinking

Leadership & Management

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