Positive dis pump

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Slide 1

EPRI PSE

Mechanical , Module 17-Positive Displacement Pumps

EPRI 1003313

MECHANICAL SERIES

MODULE 17

POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS



Slide 2

EPRI PSE


1. Describe typical application of pump types Reciprocating Pumps Rotary Pumps

2. Define/Describe !ingle acting and double acting "et positive suction #ead!lippage

$ead vs. Resistance%avitation &as binding



Slide 3

EPRI PSE


'. Describe typical met#ods for

performance testing(isual/)uditory(ibration*lo+ testing

. plain limitation of s#op curves

. Define/Describe typical mec#anical

failures and mitigation strategies



Slide 4

EPRI PSE


0. it# a given set of conditionssystem resistance, #ead curve,temperature, suction pressure3,evaluate for

Pump si4e "et Positive 5nlet Pressure

"P5P3 re6uired

%avitation potential

fficiency



Slide 5

EPRI PSE


Vane

Lobe

Screw

Piston

Pumps

Positive

Displacement

Kinetic (e.g., Centrifugal)Gear

PistonPlunger

Diap!ragm

"otar#

"eciprocating



Slide 6

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PD Pump Curve

Pump

$ea%

&low "ate

'%eal

"eal

Slippage



Slide 7

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

!ingle-)cting Double-)cting

Direct-)cting 5ndirect-)cting

!imple Duple Pumps

Reciprocating Pumps



Slide 8

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

Single-Acting Pumps 8 ma9es only one suctionand disc#arge stro9e for one completereciprocating cycle.

Double-Acting Pumps 8 ma9es t+o suction anddisc#arge stro9es for one complete reciprocatingcycle.

Reciprocating Pumps



Slide 9

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

Reciprocating Pumps

Direct-Acting Pumps 8 #as a plunger on t#e li6uid end t#atis directly driven by t#e pump rod.

Indirect-Acting Pumps 8 driven by means of a beam orlin9age connected to and actuated by t#e po+er piston rodof a separate reciprocating engine.



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EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

(alve :pen as

*or+ard !tro9e

(alve %lose as

*or+ard !tro9e

Simplex Single-Acting Liquid nd

Reciprocating Pumps



Slide 11

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

Simplex Double-Acting Liquid nd

(alve :pen as

*or+ard !tro9e

(alve %lose as

*or+ard !tro9e

(alve %lose as

*or+ard !tro9e

(alve :pen as

*or+ard !tro9e

Reciprocating Pumps



Slide 12

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

&ear Pumps

;obe Pumps

(ane Pumps

!cre+ Pumps

Rotar! Pumps



Slide 13

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

Lobe Pump

"ear Pump

EPRI PSE



Slide 14

EPRI PSE


PUMP TYPES

#ane Pump

Single Scre$ Pump

EPRI PSE



Slide 15

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION

!election *actors

PD Pumps (ersus %entrifugal Pumps

%#aracteristics of PD pump

EPRI PSE



Slide 16

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PUMP SELECTION

Selection %actors&

!elf Priming

)brasion Resistance

%ontrol Re6uirements (ariation in *lo+

(iscosity

Density

%orrosion

EPRI PSE



Slide 17

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION

Positive Displacement Pump #ersus

Centri'ugal Pump Curves

EPRI PSE



Slide 18

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION


Centri'ugal Pump Curves

EPRI PSE



Slide 19

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION


Centri'ugal Pump

EPRI PSE



Slide 20

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION

PD Pumps CentrifugalPumps

Rotary Reciprocating

Max. Viscosity

(cSt / SSU

1,<<,<<< / 0,=<<,<<< 11,<<< / <,<<< 1,<<< / ,<

Max. Capacity

(M!

/"r / #PM

7< / ','<< 1,1< / ,<<< 27, 2< / 12<,<<<

Max. Pressure (psi ',<<< >p to 1<<,<<< ,<<<

Pumping Efficiency cellent )verage

Energy Costs cellent )verage

Self$Priming ?es "o

%lo& Control cellent Poor

'ife$Cycle Cost &ood &ood

Initial Cost )verage cellent

Comparison (et$een Rotar! ) Centri'ugal Pumps

EPRI PSE



Slide 21

EPRI PSE


PUMP SELECTION

)daptable to $ig# Pressure :peration

(ariable *lo+ Rate @#roug# t#e Pump

Maimum @#roug#puts are ;imited by Mec#anical

%onsiderations

%apable of fficient Performance at tremely ;o+(olume @#roug#put Rates

Performance ;imits

Plunger or Piston

Characteristics o' PD Pumps&

EPRI PSE



Slide 22

EPRI PSE


PUMP & HEAD TERMINOLOGY

AernoulliBs 6uation

*luid $ead @erminology

"et Positive !uction $ead

EPRI PSE



Slide 23

EPRI PSE



(ernoulli*s quation

g

V Z

P h E

g

V Z

P f p

22

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1++=−+++

ρ ρ

#ere,

P1, P2 is Pressure at Points 1 and 2

ρis *luid Density

C1, C2 is !tatic levation at Points 1 and 2

(1, (2 is (elocity at Points 1 and 2 p is nergy )dded by Pump

#f is *riction ;oss Aet+een Points 1 and 2

*p, !f

P, V

Point

P+, V+

Point +

+

EPRI PSE



Slide 24

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%luid +ead ,erminolog!

Pressure $ead, # p P/ρ, is Pressure nergy

levation $ead, #e C, is Potential nergy

(elocity $ead, #v (2/2g, is Einetic nergy

Pump $ead, p is increase in fluid energy from pump +or9

EPRI PSE



Slide 25

EPRI PSE



*riction $ead, #f is energy re6uired to overcome

resistance

!tatic !uction $ead, #s is vertical distance above

center of pump to fluid source !tatic Disc#arge $ead, #d is vertical distance

above center of pump to level of disc#arge tan9

%luid +ead ,erminolog! Continue

EPRI PSE



Slide 26



,otal D!namic +ead - $ is t#e net disc#arge#ead minus net suction #ead

f p h g

V Z

P

g

V Z

P E H −++−++==

2

2

2

11

1

2

22

2

ρ ρ

%luid +ead ,erminolog! Continue

f s h g

V Z

P H −++=

2

2

1

1

1

ρ

.et Suction +ead - $s is total energy of fluid

entering pump

EPRI PSE



Slide 27



.et Positive Suction +ead Available - is t#e fluid energy

at t#e inlet to t#e pump above t#e fluidBs vapor pressure.

.et Positive Suction +ead /.PS+0

vp s h H NPSHA −=

#ere,

$s, is "et !uction $ead$vp is *luidBs (apor Pressure

EPRI PSE



Slide 28



.et Positive Suction +ead /.PS+0

.et Positive Suction +ead Required 8 is t#e minimum

fluid energy re6uired at t#e inlet to t#e pumpBs operation.

@#is is specified by t#e pump manufacturer.

EPRI PSE



Slide 29


!team Pumps

Po+er Pumps

Diap#ragm Pumps

Rotary Pumps

!cre+ Pumps

PD PUMP DESIGN & APPLICATION

EPRI PSE



Slide 30


PD PUMP DESIGN & APPLICATION

Steam nd Liquid nd

Steam Pumps

EPRI PSE



Slide 31


PD PUMP OPERATIONS & PROBLEMS

PD Pump :perating Point

5nternal Pressure Relief (alve

:verall >nit fficiency

(olumetric fficiency

Multiple PD Pumps in Parallel

5nade6uate "P!$

Pump %avitation

&as Ainding

PD Pump Pulsations

$ig# Disc#arge Pressure

@#ermal Problems

EPRI PSE



Slide 32


S#stem $ea% Loss Curve(!en Disc!arge valve is &ull

-pen)

PD Pump

C!aracteristic Curve

Pump -perating Point

%lo& Rate

Pump"ea

S#stem $ea% Loss Curve (!en

Disc!arge valve is partiall#

t!rottle%)

Pump 1perating Point


EPRI PSE



Slide 33


S#stem $ea% Loss Curve

Pump C!aracteristic Curve

for -ne Pump

ew Pump -perating Point (&low is

%ouble%)

%lo& Rate

Pump "ea

ew Pump C!aracteristic Curve

w!en bot! pumps are operating

-perating Point

of -ne Pump

Multiple PD Pumps in Parallel


EPRI PSE



Slide 34



PD Pump Pulsations

Drain

Suction

Pulsation

Dampener

Disc!arge

/ac0

Pressure

Valve

Pulsation

Dampener

Drain

/ac0 Pressure

Valve

Suction

Disc!arge

Suction Side Installation Discharge Side Installation

EPRI PSE

M h i l M d l 17 P i i Di l P



Slide 35


PUMP PERFORMANCE TESTING

(isual/)uditory @esting

(ibration @esting

*lo+/ Pressure @esting

EPRI PSE

M h i l M d l 17 P i i Di l P



Slide 36


PUMP TROUBLESHOOTING

"o ;i6uid Disc#arge

Delivers ;ess t#an rated capacity

Pressure loss

cessive noise and vibration>se of too muc# po+er

!torage of pump parts

EPRI PSE

M h i l M d l 17 P iti Di l t P



Slide 37


MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION

Must be capable of being fabricated into t#e form desired.

Must be able to +it#stand t#e stresses imposed by t#eintended service.

Must be resistant to t#e corrosion-erosion imposed by t#esystem.

Must be commercially available and economical to use.

EPRI PSE

M h i l M d l 17 P iti Di l t P



Slide 38


NUCLEAR CONSIDERATIONS

"uclear safety related pumps must be able operate under+orst case conditions for flo+rates, running duration andenvironmental conditions i.e. temperature, #umidity, etc.3.@#ese issues must be considered, in addition to FnormalGoperating conditions over t#e life of t#e plant.

EPRI PSE

Mechanical Module 17 Positive Displacement Pumps



Slid 39


INDUSTRY OPERATING EXPERIENCE

!:R!

"R% Aulletins or &eneric ;etters

;icensing %ommitment

Plant !pecific %alculations and/or Procedures

Positive dis pump

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