Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body...
-
Upload
emil-franklin -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body...
![Page 1: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Positional and Positional and Directional TermsDirectional Terms
![Page 2: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DEFINITIONSDEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the
structures of the body (ex.- names of bones)
Physiology – the study of the functions of these structures (ex.- role of bones in the musculoskeletal system)
![Page 3: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ANATOMICAL ANATOMICAL POSITIONPOSITION
ALL descriptions of the body are based on anatomical position. When referring to anatomical position, that means the person is:
1.Standing2.Facing toward you3.Arms at their sides4.Palms toward you
![Page 4: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
MidsagittalMidsagittal (lateral) – lengthwise plane that divides the body into
equalequal right and left sides
SagittalSagittal (lateral) – divides the body into unequalunequal right and left sides
PLANES OF THE PLANES OF THE BODYBODY
![Page 5: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
FrontalFrontal (coronal) - plane that divides the body into front and back portions
TransverseTransverse (horizontal) - plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions
PLANES OF THE PLANES OF THE BODYBODY
![Page 6: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Ventral – front or belly side Anterior – situated in front
Superior – above, toward the headCephalic – toward the head
Proximal – near the midline or beginning of a structureMedial – toward, near the midline
POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL TERMSTERMS
Please turn to page 22, Table 2.1Please turn to page 22, Table 2.1
![Page 7: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Dorsal – back of body or organ Posterior – situated in back
Inferior – below, toward the feet Caudal – toward lower part of body
Lateral – away from the midline Distal – farthest from midline or
beginning of a structure
POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL TERMSTERMS
![Page 8: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Remember: Remember: ALLALL terms terms are used in relation to are used in relation to what body part they what body part they
are being compared toare being compared to
Example: The ankle is Example: The ankle is
(( ) to the knee?) to the knee?
POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL POSITIONAL & DIRECTIONAL TERMSTERMS
![Page 9: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
BODY BODY CAVITIESCAVITIES
Spaces within the body that contain and protect internal organs
Dorsal Cavities (back of the body): Cranial - contains brain, pituitary
gland Spinal - nerves, spinal cord
![Page 10: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
BODY BODY CAVITIESCAVITIES
Ventral Cavities (front of the body): Thoracic - contains heart, lungs,
esophagus, trachea, bronchial tubes, thymus, aorta
Abdominal - stomach, small & large intestine, spleen, pancreas, liver, gallbladder
Pelvic - portion of large & small intestine, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters, uterus, vagina
![Page 11: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Abdomin/o/pelv/ic area is divided into four quadrants
Assessment findings, organs, etc… are described by the quadrant they are located in
RUQ LUQ
RLQ LLQ
DIVISIONS OF THE DIVISIONS OF THE ABDOMENABDOMEN
RUQ – right upper quadrant
RLQ – right lower quadrant
LUQ – left upper quadrant
LLQ – left lower quadrant
![Page 12: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
RUQ - liver, gallbladder, part of pancreas, part ofsmall & large intestine
LUQ - liver, stomach, spleen, part of pancreas, part of small & large intestine
ORGANS IN THE QUADRANTS ORGANS IN THE QUADRANTS OF THE ABDOMINOPELVIC OF THE ABDOMINOPELVIC
AREAAREA
![Page 13: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
RLQ - part of small and large intestine, right ovary & fallopian tube, right ureter, and appendix
LLQ - part of small and large intestine, left ovary & fallopian tube, left ureter
ORGANS IN THE QUADRANTS ORGANS IN THE QUADRANTS OF THE ABDOMINOPELVIC OF THE ABDOMINOPELVIC
AREAAREA
![Page 14: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ABDOMINOPELVIC ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONSREGIONS Named for the PATIENT’s side
of body (i.e. his right or left, NOT yours)
Right hypochondriacEpigastricLeft hypochondriacRight lumbarUmbilicalLeft lumbarRight inguinalHypogastricLeft inguinal
![Page 15: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Right LeftHypochondriac Epigastric
Hypochondriac
Right Left Lumbar Umbilical Lumbar
Right Left Inguinal Hypogastric Inguinal
ABDOMINOPELVIC ABDOMINOPELVIC REGIONSREGIONS
![Page 16: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Divisions of Abdominal cavity
The peritoneum is a membrane surrounding the organs in the abdominal cavity.
The retroperitoneal (retro- = behind) area is behind the peritoneum and contains the kidneys.
BODY CAVITIESBODY CAVITIES
![Page 17: Positional and Directional Terms. DEFINITIONS Anatomy – the study of the structures of the body (ex.- names of bones) Physiology – the study of the functions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062720/56649f0e5503460f94c22a22/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Time to Time to Practice!!!Practice!!! You will be divided into groups.
In your group, create a fictional medical story using the following guidelines: must use one “plane” of the body must use four position or directional terms must contain two ventral cavity organs must contain one quadrant and one abdominopelvic region
Present your story to the class in the form Present your story to the class in the form of a skit. You will have 20 minutes to of a skit. You will have 20 minutes to prepare your story & skit. Your story prepare your story & skit. Your story must make sense and contain correct must make sense and contain correct use of the terms.use of the terms.