Cou

rse

ILT

Ports, connectors, and cables

Unit objectives Identify and connect serial and parallel ports,

cables, and connectors Identify and connect PS/2 ports, cables, and

connectors Identify and connect USB ports, cables, and

connectors Identify and connect FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Identify and connect infrared and Bluetooth

wireless ports Identify and connect multimedia ports Identify the symptoms, probable causes, and

potential solutions to port, cable, and connector related problems

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic A Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial transmission

Cou

rse

ILT

Parallel transmission

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial port resources

Port IRQ I/O address (hex)

COM1 4 03F8-03FF

COM2 3 02F8-02FF

COM3 4 03F8-03FF

COM4 3 02F8-02FF

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial port characteristics

Port speed Data bits Start/stop bits Parity Flow control

Cou

rse

ILT

Male and female connectors

Male

Female

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial connectors

Pin 1

Pin 9Pin 6

Pin 5

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial cables

Multiple conductors– Send, receive, power, ground, etc.

Straight-through cable– Pin 1 goes to pin 1– Pin 2 goes to pin 2

Null modem cable– Pins crossed and connected to simulate

modem

Cou

rse

ILT

Pin numbersFunction Pin # (9-pin) Pin # (25-pin)

Frame ground n/a 1

Carrier detect (CD) 1 8

Receive 2 3

Transmit 3 2

Data terminal ready (DTR)

4 20

Signal ground 5 7

Data set ready (DSR) 6 6

Request to send (RTS) 7 4

Clear to send (CTS) 8 5

Cou

rse

ILT

9-pin null modem connections

9-pin cable functions End 1 End 2

Carrier detect (CD) 1 4

Receive 2 3

Transmit 3 2

Data terminal ready (DTR) 4 1 and 6

Signal ground 5 5

Data set ready (DSR) 6 4

Request to send (RTS) 7 8

Clear to send (CTS) 8 7

Cou

rse

ILT

25-pin null modem connections

25-pin cable functions End 1 End 2

Frame ground 1 1

Transmit 2 3

Receive 3 2

Request to send (RTS) 4 5

Clear to send (CTS) 5 4

Data set ready (DSR) 6 20

Signal ground 7 7

Carrier detect (CD) 8 20

Data terminal ready (DTR) 20 6 and 8

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity A-1

Examining serial ports, cables, and connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

Parallel ports

Parallel transmissions Often used for printers LPT ports

– LPT1– LPT2– Additional ports through expansion

adapters

More modern PCs use USB

Cou

rse

ILT

Parallel port resources

Port IRQ I/O address (hex)

LPT1 n/a 0378-037F

LPT2 n/a 0278-027F

LPT3 n/a 03BC-03BF

Cou

rse

ILT

Port types

“Normal” or “Default” (unidirectional) Bidirectional versions

– Standard (SPP)– Enhanced (EPP)– Extended capabilities port (ECP)

Communications techniques– Centronics

Cou

rse

ILT

Female 25-pin parallel port

Parallel port

Cou

rse

ILT

Centronics connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity A-2

Examining parallel ports, cables, and connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic B Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

PC input devices

Keyboard Mouse Trackball Trackpad Pens (styli) Touch screens

Cou

rse

ILT

Keyboard port and connector

Cou

rse

ILT

AT keyboard port and connector

Cou

rse

ILT

Mouse port and connector

Cou

rse

ILT

Bar code reader with Y-cable

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity B-1

Examining keyboard and mouse ports

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic C Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

USB features

Hot-swappable Self-configuring connections Multiple device support High-speed data transfers Two classes

– Host– Device

Cou

rse

ILT

USB device classes

Audio Communications device HID Imaging IrDA Bridge Mass storage Monitor Printer Video

Cou

rse

ILT

USB versions

USB 1.1– Up to 12 MBps transfers

USB 2.0– Three speeds: 1.5 MBps, 12 MBps, and

480 MBps– Backward compatible

Cou

rse

ILT

USB symbols

USB port symbol

USB 2.0 label

Cou

rse

ILT

USB devices in Device Manager

Cou

rse

ILT

USB ports

Cou

rse

ILT

USB connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

USB power

5 volts, 6 amps = 30 watts powe Best for small-draw devices, such as

USB hubs Use a powered hub with many devices

or high-draw devices

Cou

rse

ILT

Installing USB devices

1. Run setup program from device manufacturer

2. Connect USB device Bar code readers Keyboards Mice Touch screen monitors Multimedia devices Scanners/printers Biometric devices

3. Restart your computer

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity C-1

Examining the USB bus

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic D Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

FireWire features

Hot-swapping and self-configuration Multiple device support — Up to 63

devices (16 physical) Data transfer rates of 800 Mbps and

beyond Asynchronous and isochronous

transfer modes– Supports time-critical transfers on the

bus, such as real-time video Based on the Serial SCSI standard Peer-to-peer bus

Cou

rse

ILT

FireWire versions

FireWire 400– Up to 400 MBps– Cables up to 4.5 meters

(Daisy chain up to 72 meters)

FireWire 800– Base speed 800 MBps

1.6 and 3.2 GBps versions available

– Cables up to 4.5 meters (Extend to 1000 meters with optical

repeaters)

Cou

rse

ILT

Isochronous transfers

Time-critical transfer of data Video capture Real-time video Machine control

Cou

rse

ILT

4-pin FireWire ports, connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

6-pin FireWire ports, connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

FireWire power

30 volts, 1.5 amps = 45 watts power Higher power provisions than USB

Cou

rse

ILT

Installing FireWire devices

No device drivers for expansion adapters or devices in – Windows 2000 Professional– All Windows XP versions

OS interacts with device using IEEE 1394 specifications

Simply plug in:– Video cameras– Printers– External drives

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity D-1

Examining the FireWire bus

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic E Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

Wireless connections

Infrared Radio Bluetooth

Cou

rse

ILT

Infrared

Pulses of infrared light 9600 bps to 4 Mbps 10 – 20 feet range Direct line of sight Infrared Serial Data Link (ISDL)

– 1.5 Mbps– 20 feet

Cou

rse

ILT

IrDA port

Cou

rse

ILT

Radio

Modulated signals sent over radio waves

Not line of sight Varying technologies with varying

features– 802.11g: 54 Mbps

Cou

rse

ILT

802.11 wireless router

Cou

rse

ILT

Bluetooth

Short-range radio (10 meters) Self-configuring devices Cell phones, PDAs, music players,

etc.

Cou

rse

ILT

A Bluetooth mouse

Bluetooth address

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity E-1

Exploring wireless communications technologies

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic F Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

Multimedia connections

1/8” connectors RCA connectors Coax MIDI S/PDIF S-Video

Cou

rse

ILT

RCA and S-Video connectors

USBFireWire

RCA connectorsS-Video

Cou

rse

ILT

Coax connector

Cou

rse

ILT

MIDI connectors

Cou

rse

ILT

S/PDIF connections

Coax S/PDIFconnections

Square S/PDIFinput and outputconnections

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity F-1

Examining multimedia connections

Cou

rse

ILT

Topic G Topic A: Serial and parallel ports, cables,

and connectors Topic B: Keyboards, mice, and pointing

devices Topic C: USB ports, cables, and connectors Topic D: FireWire ports, cables, and

connectors Topic E: Infrared and Bluetooth wireless

ports Topic F: Multimedia ports, cables, and

connectors Topic G: Port, cable, and connector

troubleshooting

Cou

rse

ILT

Serial port, cable and connectors

Serial port physically present, but not listed in Device Manager

Serial port inaccessible PC is unable to detect or connect to

external modem

Cou

rse

ILT

Parallel ports, cables and connectors

Parallel port physically present, but not listed in Device Manager

Parallel port inaccessible Cannot print to printer connected to

parallel port

Cou

rse

ILT

USB ports, cables and connectors

Cannot connect to or use USB device USB device not listed in Device

Manager USB device works intermittently or not

at all “Unknown Device” in Device Manager

Cou

rse

ILT

PS/2 ports, cables and connectors

“No Keyboard Found” BIOS error Moving mouse causes random

characters to appear on the screen or you receive a series of beeps

No mouse pointer or pointer won’t move when you move the mouse

Mouse moves erratically

Cou

rse

ILT

Wireless ports

Unable to connect to infrared device Unable to connect to radio wireless

device Unable to connect to Bluetooth

wireless device Wireless device not responding

Cou

rse

ILT

Multimedia ports

S/PDIF connection produces garbled data, error messages indicate Unknown Format or Wrong Sample Rate

MIDI device is not found Video problems occur when using S-

Video connection No sound from the speakers

Cou

rse

ILT

Activity G-1

Troubleshooting port, cable, andconnector-related problems

Cou

rse

ILT

Unit summary Identified and connected serial and parallel

ports, cables, and connectors Identified and connected PS/2 ports, cables,

and connectors Identified and connected USB ports, cables,

and connectors Identified and connected FireWire ports,

cables, and connectors Identified and connected infrared and

Bluetooth wireless ports Identified and connected multimedia ports Resolved port, cable, and connector related

problems