PORTRAIT OF CIANGIR LANDFILL CONDITION

TASIKMALAYA CITY: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

Oleh:

Dedi Natawijaya

Vita Meylani

UNIVERSITAS SILIWANGI

TASIKMALAYA

2018

Collaborated by:

i

Preface

As a part of the collaborated project between Universitas Siliwangi,

German-Indonesia Chamber of Industry and Commerce (EKONID) and in

order to gain practical knowledge in the field of waste management, we are

required to make a report on “Portrait Of Ciangir Landfill Condition

Tasikmalaya City: Problems And Solutions”. The basic objective behind

doing this project report is to get basic information about real condition of

Ciangir Landfill Tasikmalaya City and to finding solution in waste

management in Ciangir Landfill Tasikmalaya City.

In this project report we have included various waste data collecting,

analysis waste composition, leachate analysis, effects and implications and

solution for the problem regarding waste management in Ciangir Landfill

Tasikmalaya City.

Doing this project report helped us to enhance our knowledge regarding

the work in waste management system. And become a great experiences in the

future.

Tasikmalaya, 10 August 2018

ii

Content

Preface .............................................................................................................. i

Content ............................................................................................................. ii

A. Introduction ............................................................................................... 1

B. Purpose and Scope .................................................................................... 2

C. Method ...................................................................................................... 2

1. Place .................................................................................................... 2

2. Analysis ............................................................................................... 3

D. Result of Analysis ..................................................................................... 3

1. General Condition of Ciangir Landfill ................................................ 3

2. Liquid Waste (Leachate) ..................................................................... 7

3. Analysis of Compost Chemical Elements ........................................... 14

E. Conclusions And Suggestions ................................................................... 17

1. Conclusion .......................................................................................... 17

2. Suggestion ........................................................................................... 17

F. Acknowledgment ...................................................................................... 17

G. Reference .................................................................................................. 19

Attachment

iii

1

A. Introduction

The existence of waste from domestic, commercial and industrial

activities is inevitable, even more complex and increases in volume and type

in line with economic development over time. Waste is a common problem

in cities. Waste is identified as one of the factors negative externalities to

urban activities.

The volume of landfill in Tasikmalaya City currently (July 2018)

reaches 179,154 tons per day, with a 654, 794 people of total population of

Tasikmalaya City. It’s assumed the amount of waste is the same as the

current measured, if calculated in a year, the volume of waste in 2018

reaches 64,485.44 tons. The landfill (TPA) owned by the City of

Tasikmalaya is currently 11 hectares, and has been used around 9 hectares

(75 percent), so the remaining is 25 percent. With a waste volume of

64,485.44 tons per year, the capacity of the waste will continue to decrease

and will only be sufficient for the next few years.

Basically waste management is the collection, transportation,

processing, recycling, or disposal of waste material. Therefore the city

government of Tasikmalaya should have the right strategy to solve this

problem. Law No. 18 of 2008 concerning waste management has officially

been promulgated, recorded as the Republic of Indonesia State Gazette of

2008, Number 69. In Article 3 of Law 18/2008 reads more: "Waste

management is carried out based on the principle of responsibility,

principles of sustainability, principles of benefit , principles of justice,

principles of awareness, principles of togetherness, principles of safety,

principles of security, and principles of economic value ".

In 2018, the City of Tasikmalaya has collaborated with the German

Indonesian Chamber of Industry and Commerce (EKONID) especially in

the field of waste management. This collaboration aims to develop

appropriate technology concepts in waste management, especially in the

City of Tasikmalaya. Based on local conditions included the condition of

the population, agroclimate, topography, and the condition of the facilities

2

and infrastructure of the city government at this time, it is hoped that from

this activity there will be a solid waste management concept for the future

that is appropriately implemented in the City of Tasikmalaya. Siliwangi

University as a team requested by EKONID try to help one of this activity

to conduct a brief study of the current condition of the landfill.

B. Purpose and Scope

The purpose of this activity is in order to assist the fluency

collaboration between the Tasikmalaya City Government and EKONID in

terms of technology development for waste management in Tasikmalaya

City as to obtain a better alternative solution in waste management in the

future.

The scope of work carried out by the team includes: recording and

collecting data and information on current conditions, sampling and

tabulating data, physical, chemical and biological analysis, and possible

recommendations. The execution time only lasts for approximately 2 weeks,

therefore the information obtained is still very lacking. However, thus

simple information can hopefully provide positive inspiration for policy

makers in the Tasikmalaya City in developing waste management and

processing technologies in the future.

Based on studies carried out in a very limited time, team of

researchers try to collect data and information both visually and the results

of analyzing in the laboratory which includes several things, including the

following:

1. General conditions of waste and facilities for processing waste;

2. Analysis of liquid waste; and

3. Analysis of compost chemical elements.

3

C. Method

1. Place

Observation and sampling of waste and liquid waste (leachate) is

carried out at the location of Ciangir Landfill, Tamansari Subdistrict,

Tasikmalaya City, on July 12, 2018. Samples taken are in the form of

waste samples, samples of waste water (leachate) taken from 3 storage

ponds. point (from the first exit pipe, from the middle pool and from the

discharge end point that borders the river). While the organic material

for compost and waste samples are taken from the 10% of waste sample

taken for observation and identification of waste as a whole. Waste

samples are then identified each component is then weighed for further

analysis needs.

2. Analysis

The structure analysis of the waste component compiler in

general was carried out directly at the landfill site by involving the

waste management officers of Tasikmalaya City, a team from Siliwangi

University, EKONID and involving the scavengers in the landfill site.

While the analysis that requires the laboratory such as leachate and

nutrient content of compost is done at Siliwangi University and

Sucofindo Bandung laboratory.

D. Result of Analysis

1. General Condition of Ciangir Landfill

Urban waste should be managed properly so as not to endanger

the environment and not cause further problems. The problem in

question is: slum, dirty, seems to be a place for the development of

pathogenic organisms, is a nest of flies, rats and other wild animals.

Waste that is scattered is not in place can clog the drainage canal so that

it can cause a flood hazard.

Decaying waste causes unpleasant odors and is harmful to

health, even water released from the pile of garbage (leachate) can also

4

cause contamination of wells, rivers and ground water. From these

various problems, the waste problem must be a shared concern and

commitment of various parties to treat waste wisely from the initial

source to the final disposal site.

The results of the identification of waste in Ciangir,

Tasikmalaya City, the structure of the waste compiler can be explained

as shown in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1. Waste Composition in Ciangir Landfill Tasikmalaya City

The three largest constituent components of waste are organic,

textile and plastic. The biggest composition of waste is organic waste,

so the tendency to decompose quickly and cause the smell of foul odor

and will produce methane gas and carbon dioxide. To avoid this the

easiest is composting technology. Therefore composting facilities and

infrastructure must be provided properly. For plastics and paper some

of which can still be utilized are recycled. While textile waste still has

to be sorted according to its raw materials. If only we could use three

components of waste such as organic materials, plastic and paper to be

recycled, then 73% of the waste can reduce the final landfill.

The government must create a standard and establish

appropriate waste management system that is accepted by the

community. So it is not just to collect, transport and dispose, but to

5,7; 6%

14,9; 15%

51,6; 52%

20,1; 20%

0,24; 0%

1,4; 1% 0,7; 1%

5,2; 5%

Waste Composition in Ciangir

Kertas

Plastik

organik

Tekstil

Logam

Gelas

Karet

Lain-lain

5

process waste to be used as a useful product. Waste management is

currently just moving garbage from the downtown area out of town in

ways that do not meet the standards. The landfill must be the final

processing site, not the final disposal site.

As a comparison we can see the structure of waste composition

in other countries such as Germany Figure 2 (a) and China (b).

(a) Waste Composition in Germany (b) Waste Composition in China

Figure 2. Waste Composition in Another Countries

Based on the figure 2. We can concluded that waste composition

in Germany 34% is organics waste, but in China 78%. It’s shown that

China more less the anorganics waste in they living. In other materials

such as plastics in Germany waste of plastics still 14% but in China 6%.

Its shown that in China plastics is more less useful than in Germany.

Therefore, paper of waste in Germany 13% but in China 2%. It’s shown

the difference culture living in Germany and another Europe countries

paper more useful moreover for shopping in the market. But in China

they more useful organic material in his live. It’s not difference with

another country in Asia even more Indonesia. Nevertheless, Germany

government or China government have a effectively solution to waste

management with their techonolgy.

6

In the below we can comparison of Ciangir’s waste composition

with Germany and China (Table 1).

Table 1. Comparison of Ciangir's Waste Composition with Other

Countries. Waste Composition Tasikmalaya

(Ind) (%)

Germany (%) China (%)

Organics 52 34 78

Plastics 15 14 6

Textiles 20 4 1

Papers 6 13 2

Woods - 1 0

Metals 1 2 0

Glasses 1 6 1

Others 5 26 12

Based on the table 1 we can concluded that waste composition

in Ciangir Landfill organics material percentage is between Germany

in China (52%). It’s shown organics waste in Ciangir Landfill more

than 50% from all waste composition. But just leave without action to

waste management. How to organics waste changed to be a valued

material such as compost. If we can transform organics waste to be a

compost or another material which have a value added Tasikmalaya

City Government no need to increase the Landfill area. And it’s will

become a another income for Tasikmalaya City Government. If we

compare platics waste composition, in Ciangir Landfill is the highest

than Germany and China up to 15%. It’s the big problem because until

now plastics waste only collecting by scavenger without effective

solution from Government. In another case, plastics material can

transform to be asphalt, paving bock or other. It’s one of the opportunity

to Tasikmalaya City Government or industries in Tasikmalaya to take

over this part.

The another issues in Ciangir Landfill is textile waste up to 20%

from all waste composition. If we compare with Germany and China

it’s highest than all. It’s cause the society do not know how to manage

7

the textile waste. And Ciangir landfill have not technology to changed

the textile waste to another materials. Tha problem is textile material

need for a long time to reduce by microbes in landfill such as a plastics

waste. Based on the table 1 we can concluded the following factors that

influence the urban waste management system, including:

a. Population density and distribution;

b. Physical and social economic characteristics;

c. Characteristics of waste;

d. Culture of attitudes and behavior of the community;

e. Distance from waste sources to landfills;

f. Means of collection, transportation, processing and landfill;

g. Awareness of the local community; and

h. Local regulations.

Several efforts can be made to reduce the accumulation of

waste:

a. Avoidance and reduction methods (reuse, repair of damaged goods,

product design);

b. Disposal methods (unused land, ex-mine land, or deep hole holes);

c. Recycling (paper, bottles, plastic, electronics);

d. Biological processing (compost);

e. Energy recovery (activated carbon, biogas);

f. Waste sorting (organic material for compost);

g. Sanitary landfill;

h. The role of the community and the private sector; and

i. Capacity building rules (Perda).

2. Liquid Waste (Leachate)

Leachate is a liquid that arises due to the entry of external water

into the landfill, dissolving and rinsing dissolved materials, including

organic matter from the biological decomposition process (Susanto et

al., 2004).

8

Leachate must be treated in such a way by those in charge of

activities related to waste management, and must ensure that all

leachate generated in the landfill goes into the leachate treatment plant,

there is no leachate leakage to the environment, and is not mixed with

channels from rainwater. The leachate discharge must be measured and

the sampling point must be easily carried out for periodic testing

purposes. Thus the leachate is not justified directly discharged into the

river before processing.

The results of laboratory analysis of several parameters of

leachate in the Ciangir Landfill for several types of heavy metals such

as mercury, cadmium, and arsenic still show conditions below the

quality standard. Similarly, the N-Total content is very low. Thus the

potential for infiltration into the soil and water environment is still

relatively safe. However, for some parameters such as COD, BOD and

TSS is still very high (above the quality standard). This shows that the

condition of liquid waste is not feasible for aquatic fauna life and if

entering the river or pond will kill aquatic organisms.The following is

presented the results table for complete analysis of wastewater

(leachate).

Table 2. Results of analysis of leachate at the Ciangir Landfill in

Tasikmalaya City July 26, 2018 with reference to quality

standards (Permen LH, No 5/2014)

Parameters Value of Analysis The Most Level

Location 1 Location 2 Location 3 Value Unit

Temperature 24.6 24.7 24.6 - °C

pH 7.74 8.33 8.09 6-9 mg/L

BOD 241 137 63,4 150 mg/L COD 602 455 211 300 mg/L TSS 5900 4712 2196 100 mg/L N-Total 7,25 7,97 10,79 60 mg/L Mercuri (Hg) < 0.0008 < 0.0008 < 0.0008 0.005 mg/L Cadmium(Cd) < 0.003 < 0.003 < 0.003 0.1 mg/L Arsen (As) < 0.002 < 0.002 < 0.002 0.012 mg/L Cromium (Cr) 0.19 0.15 0.09 0.005 mg/L

EC 12590 8810 4350 umhos/cm

9

Based on the table 2 we can concluded that leachate in the

location 3 which is the last storage BOD, COD and TSS still high.

Therefore, more less than location 1 and 2 but is still have more effects

to organisms. It’s the meaning that the system not working as expected,

so when the water turn into the river still giving the effect importance

to society around the river and using the water.

Another problem for the people who live around the river is

heavy metal compound such as Hg, Ar, Cd, and Cr. Heavy metal

compound in the water would give the effect such as arsenic. Arsenic

is one of the most important heavy metals causing disquiet from both

ecological and individual health standpoints (Hughes et al., 1988). The

metallic mercury is a naturally occurring metal which is a shiny silver-

white, odorless liquid and becomes colorless and odorless gas when

heated. Mercury is very toxic and exceedingly bioaccumulative. Its

presence adversely affects the marine environment and hence many

studies are directed towards the distribution of mercury in water

environment.

Major sources of mercury pollution include anthropogenic

activities such as agriculture, municipal wastewater discharges, mining,

incineration, and discharges of industrial wastewater (Chen et al.,

2012). Mercury is well known as a hazardous metal and its toxicity is a

common cause of acute heavy metal poisoning with cases of 3,596 in

1997 by the American Association of Poison Control Centers.

Methylmercury is a neurotoxic compound which is responsible for

microtubule destruction, mitochondrial damage, lipid peroxidation and

accumulation of neurotoxic molecules such as serotonin, aspartate, and

glutamate (Patrick, 2002). The brain remains the target organ for

mercury, yet it can impair any organ and lead to malfunctioning of

nerves, kidneys and muscles. It can cause disruption to the membrane

potential and interrupt with intracellular calcium homeostasis.

10

Cadmium is the seventh most toxic heavy metal as per ATSDR

ranking. It is a by-product of zinc production which humans or animals

may get exposed to at work or in the environment. Once this metal gets

absorbed by humans, it will accumulate inside the body throughout life.

This metal was first used in World War I as a substitute for tin and in

paint industries as a pigment. In today’s scenario, it is also being used

in rechargeable batteries, for special alloys production and also present

in tobacco smoke. About three-fourths of cadmium is used in alkaline

batteries as an electrode component, the remaining part is used in

coatings, pigments and platings and as a plastic stabilizer. Humans may

get exposed to this metal primarily by inhalation and ingestion and can

suffer from acute and chronic intoxications.

Cadmium distributed in the environment will remain in soils and

sediments for several decades. Plants gradually take up these metals

which get accumulated in them and concentrate along the food chain,

reaching ultimately the human body. In the US, more than 500,000

workers get exposed to toxic cadmium each year as per The Agency for

Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Bernard, 2008; Mutlu et al.,

2012). Researches have shown that in China the total area polluted by

cadmium is more than 11,000 hectares and its annual amount of

industrial waste of cadmium discharged into the environment is

assessed to be more than 680 tons. In Japan and China, environmental

cadmium exposure is comparatively higher than in any other country

(Han et al., 2009). Cadmium is predominantly found in fruits and

vegetables due to its high rate of soil-toplant transfer (Satarug et al.,

2011). Cadmium is a highly toxic nonessential heavy metal that is well

recognized for its adverse influence on the enzymatic systems of cells,

oxidative stress and for inducing nutritional deficiency in plants (Irfan

et al., 2013).

The mechanism of cadmium toxicity is not understood clearly

but its effects on cells are known (Patrick, 2003). Cadmium

11

concentration increases 3,000 fold when it binds to cystein-rich protein

such as metallothionein. In the liver, the cystein-metallothionein

complex causes hepatotoxicity and then it circulates to the kidney and

gets accumulated in the renal tissue causing nephrotoxicity. Cadmium

has the capability to bind with cystein, glutamate, histidine and

aspartate ligands and can lead to the deficiency of iron (Castagnetto et

al., 2002). Cadmium and zinc have the same oxidation states and hence

cadmium can replace zinc present in metallothionein, thereby inhibiting

it from acting as a free radical scavenger within the cell.

Chromium is the seventh most abundant element on earth

(Mohanty & Kumar Patra, 2013). Chromium occurs in several

oxidation states in the environment ranging from Cr2+ to Cr6+

(Rodríguez et al., 2009). The most commonly occurring forms of Cr are

trivalent- Cr+3 and hexavalent Cr+6 , with both states being toxic to

animals, humans and plants (Mohanty & Kumar Patra, 2013).

Chromium occurs naturally by the burning of oil and coal, petroleum

from ferro cromate refractory material, pigment oxidants, catalyst,

chromium steel, fertilizers, oil well drilling and metal plating tanneries.

Anthropogenically, chromium is released into the environment through

sewage and fertilizers (Ghani, 2011). Cr(III) is immobile in its reduced

form and is insoluble in water whereas Cr(VI) in its oxidized state is

highly soluble in water and thus mobile (Wolińska et al., 2013).

In order to determine the activities of the metal ions in the

environment, metal speciation is very important where in case of

chromium the oxidative form of Cr(III) is not an essential contaminant

of the ground water but Cr(VI) has been found to be toxic for humans

(Gürkan et al., 2012). Cr(III) resides in the organic matter of soil and

aquatic environment in the form of oxides, hydroxides and

sulphates(Cervantes et al., 2001).

In the environment, trivalent chromium Cr(III) is generally

harmless due to its weak membrane permeability. Hexavalent

12

chromium Cr(VI), on the other hand, is more active in penetrating the

cell membrane through passages for isoelectric and isostructural anions

such as SO42– and HPO42– channels and these chromates are taken up

through phagocytosis. Cr(VI) is a strong oxidizing agent and can be

reduced to give ephemeral species of pentavalent and tetravalent

chromium that are different from that of Cr(III). Stabilization of the

pentavelent form is carried out by glutathione and hence intracellular

reduction of Cr[VI] is considered a detoxification mechanism when

reduction occurs away from the target region. However if intracellular

reduction of Cr[VI] occurs near the target site, it may serve to activate

Cr. The reactions between Cr(VI) and biological reductants like thiols

and ascorbate result in the production of reactive oxygen species such

as superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical, ultimately

leading to oxidative stress in the cell causing damage to DNA and

proteins (Stohs & Bagchi, 1995). According to literature surveys,

Cr(VI) has been found to be much more dangerous than Cr(III), since

Cr(VI) enters the cells more readily than does Cr(III) and is eventually

reduced to Cr(III). Because of its mutagenic properties, Cr(VI) is

categorized as a group 1 human carcinogen by the International Agency

for the Research on Cancer (Dayan & Paine, 2001; Zhang, 2011).

Ciangir Landfill already have a wastewater management

system. But still in the form of a simple system in the form of a

collection of leachate flowed from one reservoir to another. There are

9 storage ponds prepared from the first pond until the last pond is

expected to contain heavy metals, BOD, COD TSS and other

components should be under the standard should be in the last pond so

it can be reused which is then flowed into the river. But the results are

not optimal because in fact the content of heavy metals, BOD, COD,

TSS and other components in water are still not suitable for used (Table

2). In this project, our team try to identified leachate component from

3 sample location i.e location 1 (storage ponds 1), location 2 (storage

13

ponds 9), location 3 (downstream of river). We try to present the data

of COD, BOD, and TSS component from 3 location at figure 4.

Figure 4. Location of Leachate Sampling and Analysis Results

Based on the data at figure 4 COD, BOD, and TSS component from

location 1, location 2, and location 3 decreases. In location 1 TSS almost

6000 mg/l but when leachate turn into the river TSS component is about

2000 mg/l. Although, BOD and COD under 2000 mg/l from location 1,

location 2, and location 3 but the value still not recommended to used. It’s

shown that the system worked,therefore not optimal.

Wastewater treatment systems are designed to remove oxygen-

demanding substances (as measured biochemical oxygen demand, BOD5,

or BOD) and solid particles (measured as total suspended solids, or TSS).

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a measure of all oxygen-demanding

substances, including those not amenable to biological treatment, and these,

too, are reduced through wastewater treatment. There is reasonably constant

relationship exists between COD and BOD values for storage ponds 1,

storage pond 9, and downstream of the river. Wastewater may also contain

toxic and nonconventional pollutants such as chlorinated organic

compounds.

The dissolved oxygen (DO) content of a waterbody is among the

most important water quality characteristics necessary for protecting fish

and aquatic life. Low DO levels can induce fish kills and reduce

reproduction rates in aquatic biota. Industrial and municipal wastewater

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

Lokasi 1 Lokasi 2 Lokasi3

resu

lt o

f an

alysi

s

(mg/l

)

Sampling Location

COD

BOD

TSS

14

discharges, as well as stormwater runoff associated with urban, industrial,

agricultural, and silvicultural sources, contribute oxygen-demanding

substances (measured as BOD) to receiving streams and can diminish

dissolved oxygen levels. Suspended matter discharges (measured as TSS)

may also be implicated in the depletion of DO, as well as other adverse

aquatic impacts. Suspended matter, if settleable, can blanket the stream bed,

damage.

3. Analysis of Compost Chemical Elements

The results of laboratory analysis of compost derived from organic

waste in the Ciangir landfill show that the composting results are no

different from elsewhere and include good compost used for agricultural

fertilization in general. Organic C is still high because the composting

process has not been completed when this data is analyzed. pH approaching

neutral allows close to ideal plant growth.

Nutrients in compost are not too high, but compost can improve soil

physical properties such as soil permeability, soil porosity, soil structure,

water holding capacity and soil cations (Roidah, 2013). Compost fertilizer

provides a balance of elements needed by plants in relatively balanced

comparisons, although the levels are very small (Maryam et al., 2015). The

provision of organic matter into the soil must pay attention to the

comparison of the levels of element C to nutrients (N, P, K, etc.), because if

the ratio is very large it can cause immobilization, namely the process of

reducing the amount of nutrients (N, P, K etc.) inside land by microbial

activity (Hartatik et al., 2015).

15

Table.3. Results of the 2018 Ciangir Waste Compost Analysis

No. Parameter Result of Analysis

1 C- Oraganik 15 %

2 pH 6

3 N 2 %

4 P 1 %

5 K Low

6 Fe 4000 ppm

7 Ka 29 %

In general, the nutrient contents (Total N, P and K) were larger than

those typically reported for centralised composting (TCA, 2001). But in our

result total N is 2%, P is 1%, and K is low (table 3). If we see the temporary

result, this could be explained that the compost from organic waste in

Ciangir landfill is good to used because nutrient content (N, P) more than

Standarization of National Indonesia. According to SNI 19-7030-2004 with

nitrogen values > 0.40% while P2O5 values are > 0.10% and K2O is > 0.20%.

Whereas the nutrient content is the important nutrient for the solid to

stimulate growth of plants. But it’s still a temporary conclusion of

researchers. This is caused by several factors including the compost process

has not been completed when the researcher measured the compost

component, the testing process that has not been standardized so that the

examiner is not too sure about the results so that further testing should be

carried out.

The ratio of C:N is low (7,5) is shown that unstabilised compost

product. This result also the C / N ratio of the compost ratio is not in

accordance with SNI 19-7030-2004 that is 10-20. In addition, these

characteristics, avoid the problems of emanation of unstable products as

odours and N removal from soil following amendment. The home produced

compost from this study was expected to contain similar chemical

characteristics to kitchen and garden waste composts (Lopez-Real and Vere,

1991), but the total N and C concentrations and pH characteristics were

similar to those obtained with poultry 1 waste compost. Variation was

observed with conductivity due to the minerals released following cell and

16

substrate degradation and conductivity values were similar to the kitchen

and garden waste results shown in Lopez-Real and Vere (1991). A possible

explanation for some of the low conductivity levels in home compost

material could be due to continuing microbial biomass activity and

consequently immobilisation of nutrients.

Tabel 4. Comparison of Nutrients of Several Types of Organic

Fertilizers.

Type of Organic

Fertilizers

Nutrient Content

N P2O5 K2O

Chicken Dung 1,40 % 1,34 % 2,30 %

Cow Dung 0,46 % 0,83 % 0,30 %

Compost (another

place)

0,51 % 0,26 % 0,08 %

Ciangir Compost 2,00 % 1,00 % Low

Based on the table 4 we can concluded that nutrient content (N) from

Ciangir Compost is highest than another organic fertilizers. Whereas the

nutrient content (P) is not much different with chicken dung. But the nutrient

content (K) is low can't even be expressed. The comparison show that the

Ciangir compost is better than the other organic fertilizers. This condition is

very possible to convert the organic waste in Ciangir Landfill into compost

that can have economic value. Organic waste in Ciangir Landfill not only

changed to be compost but also energy (biogass).

In some other countries the conversion of waste into energy has

received special attention from the government. Through a certain process

waste can be used as fuel for cooking or heating even to heat the boiler to

produce steam and electricity from the turbine-generator (Elfarisna et al.,

2016). Through the process of pyrolysis or gasification in high pressure

places can convert waste into solid, gas, and liquid products. In the end to

follow up on the results of the research, the researcher handed over to the

Tasikmalaya city government.

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E. Conclusions And Suggestions

1. Conclusion:

a. The composition of Ciangir landfill waste in sequence from the

largest is organic material, textile, plastic, paper, etc.

b. The content of heavy metals such as Hg, Cd, As, Cr is still below the

quality standard, however, for COD, BOD and TSS it must be

processed so as not to pollute water sources in the community.

c. The main nutrient content in compost is N 2%, P2O5 1%, and K2O

is very low.

2. Suggestion

a. Supporting facilities and infrastructure for the waste treatment

process must still be improved, such as heavy equipment,

composting buildings, wastewater treatment facilities, religious

facilities, and layout of buildings that still lack health support.

b. The government's seriousness in the use of organic and inorganic

waste / waste is needed so that it can provide incentives and

economic benefits.

c. Need to handle liquid waste so as not to cause further impacts to the

surrounding community.

F. Acknowledgment

In this moment the researcher would like to say thank you to Alloh

S.W.T, LP3MPMP Universitas Siliwangi, EKONID, and Tasikmalaya City

Government, Sucofindo Laboratory. Also our team Ade Komarudin,

Adithya Rahman DS, Tina Komalasari, Karsiwulan, Adithya Amarullah,

Uus, and all scavengers who help to collecting and separating waste.

18

G. Reference

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J Med Res 128(4): 557–64.

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Documentation

Figure 1. Identification of Waste Sources

Figure 2. Weighing Garbage

Figure 3. Waste Homogenization

Figure 4. 10% of the Waste is Homogenized

`

Figure 5. Waste Separating

Figure 6. Composting Processes

Figure 7. Irrigation Water in Residents' Fields