Porter poor & low income oregonians
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Transcript of Porter poor & low income oregonians
SNAP clients and low income Oregonians – trends, characteristics, and considerations
Suzanne Porter, Forecast AnalystOregon Department Of Human ServicesOffice of Forecasting, Research & Analysis 500 Summer Street NE E-23Salem, OR 97301503.945.9778FAX: [email protected]://www.oregon.gov/dhs/ofra/Pages/index.aspx
1,500,000
1,550,000
1,600,000
1,650,000
1,700,000
1,750,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
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Oregon employment and SNAP caseload
SNAP clients
Oregon non-farm employment
January 2012
January 2008
More than 90% of eligible Oregonians participate in SNAP most are <=130% of Federal Poverty Threshold)
22%
17%
10%9%
8%
11%
24%trade
accomodation
health care
administrative
construction
manufacturing
all other
22%
19%
13%
13%
4%
7%
23%
Employment by sector – new* adults associated with January 2012 SNAP households
2007 employment 2011 employment
100,000 workersMedian annual earnings: $13,132
104,000 workersMedian annual earnings
$7,270 (2007 dollars)
Total adults associated with SNAP households in January 2012: 522,000*New=Not on SNAP during 2007: 305,000
(Approximately 1/3 had Oregon employment in either 2007 or 2012)
45% decline in earnings
$12,200 $7,754
$7,341 $6,832
$15,256 $8,591
$4,831
$10,461
$19,543
$8,415
$22,919 $11,351
Percent of employment
Median client earnings Earnings in 2007$
SNAP clients by household composition: January 2008 v. January 2012
Single adults and children
40%
Multiple adults and
children26%
Adults without children
34%
Single adults and children
33%
Multiple adults and children
28%
Adults without children
39%
January 2008 clients
January 2012 clients
453,000 clients
799,000 clients
X 1.77
Poverty and geography
DHS has identified 30 High Poverty HotspotsPoverty rate>=20% of population in a census tractOnline reports provide characteristics of the area, its residents, and its SNAP clients
22% poverty rate (up from 10% in 2000)70% of housing is rental, most in apartments45% of students in three schools shown qualify for free or reduced school lunch
At least 1,650 SNAP clients as of January 201255% were children51% lived in a single-parent household
Elementary school
Geographic poverty concentration=school poverty concentration
These factors are more common in poor children and can affect mental and physical health, IQ, school achievement, and behavior:
Lack of prenatal care, low birth weight, maternal obesity or anxiety
Lack of medical and dental care
Food insecurity and poor diet
Exposure to environmental pollutants
Family stressors (neglect, domestic violence)
Neighborhood factors (neighborhood deprivation) – low income, high crime neighborhoods
School mobility and turnover
Source: David C. Berliner (2009)
Poverty and health
Milwaukie/Oak Grove
Otty Road areaWest Linn/Lake
Oswego
More information…
Oregonians affected by the Great RecessionPorter, S. and Edwards, M. (2010). Newly Poor in the Great Recession: Characteristics of Oregon households receiving food assistance
http://oregonstate.edu/cla/mpp/sites/default/files/pdf/newpoor_0.pdf.
How poverty affects children and their educational successBerliner, David C. (2009). Poverty and Potential: Out-of-School Factors and School Success. http
://nepc.colorado.edu/files/PB-Berliner-NON-SCHOOL.pdf.
High poverty hotspots in Oregonhttp://www.oregon.gov/dhs/ofra/Pages/index.aspx
BMI/DMV records studyhttp://public.health.oregon.gov/HealthyEnvironments/TrackingAssessment/EnvironmentalPublicHealthTracking/Pages/index.aspx
Economic costs of child povertyHolzer, H.J., Schanzenbach, D.W., Duncan, G.J., and Ludwig, J. (2008). The economic costs of child poverty in the United States. Journal of Children and Poverty, 14(1), 41-61.
Effects of early childhood povertyDuncan, G.J., Magnuson, K., Kalil, A., and Ziol-Guest, K. (2012). The Importance of Early Childhood Poverty, Social Indicators Research, 108, 87-98.