Porsche - Origin of the Species - by Karl Ludvigsen - Table of Contents

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Acknowledgements� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � vii Foreword by Jerry Seinfeld � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �ix 1 The Species Porsche � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 1 Sidebar: Freeman Thomas “The Legacy of Erwin Komenda”� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6 2 Automaking Ambitions� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 10 The Porsche Firm’s early years in Zuffenhausen • The Type 64: A “VW-Sport” • Sports Racing Aerodynamic Trends • The Type 114: Imagining a Pure Porsche Sports Car • Advanced Aerodynamic Bodywork for the F-wagen • Type 60K10: The Berlin-Rome Volkswagen Sidebar: 1939 Porsche Org Chart� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 18 Sidebar: The Auto Union Sports Car � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 41 3 Turbulent War Years � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 49 Wartime Improvements to the VW Engine • Shifting from Racing Cars to Tanks • New Quarters in Austrian Farm Country • Engineering Work Commences at Gmünd • Ferry Porsche in Charge at Gmünd Sidebar: Gmünd in Carinthia � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 63 Sidebar: Petermax Müller’s Opportunistic Racers � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 69 4 Sawmill Survival � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 73 Questioning by British and American Allied Forces • The French Intervene • Roles of Louise Piëch and Ghislaine Kaes • Struggling to Survive in Gmünd • A Plenitude of Products and Ideas • Protecting Porsche’s Assets • Uncertain Relations With Volkswagen Sidebar: Ghislaine Kaes and his Diaries � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 89 5 Italy to the Rescue � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 95 Radical Space Frames for the First Cisitalias • Cisitalia Goes Grand Prix Racing • Porsche Contracted by Cisitalia • The Cisitalia Grand Prix Car • Designing the Type 370, an Ambitious Sports Car • Karl Rabe Travels to Turin Sidebar: Miles Collier “The Art of Restoration”� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 122 6 A Volkswagen Sports Car � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 125 Beginnings with the Type 352 • The Type 356 Roadster Chassis • Simplicity: The 356 Roadster Body • Road Testing the 356 Roadster Sidebar: The Private Life of 356-001 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 149 Sidebar: Robert Cumberford “Thoughts on the First Porsche 356” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 156 7 Miracle of Production � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 159 Creating a Coupe Chassis: The Type 356/2 • Scavenging Parts for Production • The Iconic Porsche Takes Shape • Marketing the Porsche Cars • Growing Pains in Gmünd Sidebar: Type 356 Sports Leicht � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 202 8 Saga of a Gmünd Porsche � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 211 356/2-040 Provenance • The Nuts and Bolts of Preserving 356/2-040 • West Coast Tune-Up Sidebar: Alex Finigan “My Experience with 356/2-040 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 222 Sidebar: Adrian Gand “Appreciating the Missing Link” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 232 Sidebar: The Otto Mathé Story� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 233 9 Why Porsche? � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 241 Returning to Stuttgart • Saying Farewell to Gmünd and to the Porsche Patriarch • Other Postwar VW-Based Sports Cars Sidebar: Grant Larson “The Gmünd Porsches” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 262 Sidebar: Tony Hatter “Thoughts on Porsche Design” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 263 10 Origin of the Species � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 265 The Porsche Formsprache • Evolution of the Essential Genus Porsche Sidebar: Peter W. Schutz “The Power of Porsche’s DNA” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 274 Appendix 1: Factory Documentation for Porsche 356/2-040� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 286 Appendix 2: 1949 Porsche 356 Owner’s Manual � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 292 Bibliography � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 333 Index� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 334 Art Credits � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 341 Contributors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 342 Table of Contents Chapter 2: Porsche designers at work in Stuttgart in the 1930’s Chapter 3: Zuffenhausen workshops during wartime Chapter 5: Enter the Italians Chapter 7: The 356/2 takes shape Chapter 8: One car’s journey Chapter 9: Porsche returns to Germany Chapter 10: Evolution of the Porsche DNA Chapter 6: The new Porsche sports car ©2011 Bentley Publishers PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

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The table of contents from Porsche - Origin of the Species by Karl Ludvigsen. For more information on this Porsche history book, visit http://www.bentleypublishers.com/product.htm?code=gpgc

Transcript of Porsche - Origin of the Species - by Karl Ludvigsen - Table of Contents

Page 1: Porsche - Origin of the Species - by Karl Ludvigsen - Table of Contents

Acknowledgements � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � vii

Foreword by Jerry Seinfeld � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �ix

1 The Species Porsche � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 1

Sidebar: Freeman Thomas “The Legacy of Erwin Komenda” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 6

2 Automaking Ambitions � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �10

The Porsche Firm’s early years in Zuffenhausen • The Type 64: A “VW-Sport” • Sports Racing Aerodynamic Trends • The Type 114: Imagining a Pure Porsche Sports Car • Advanced Aerodynamic Bodywork for the F-wagen • Type 60K10: The Berlin-Rome Volkswagen

Sidebar: 1939 Porsche Org Chart � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �18

Sidebar: The Auto Union Sports Car � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �41

3 Turbulent war years � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �49

Wartime Improvements to the VW Engine • Shifting from Racing Cars to Tanks • New Quarters in Austrian Farm Country • Engineering Work Commences at Gmünd • Ferry Porsche in Charge at Gmünd

Sidebar: Gmünd in Carinthia � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �63

Sidebar: Petermax Müller’s Opportunistic Racers � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �69

4 Sawmill Survival � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �73

Questioning by British and American Allied Forces • The French Intervene • Roles of Louise Piëch and Ghislaine Kaes • Struggling to Survive in Gmünd • A Plenitude of Products and Ideas • Protecting Porsche’s Assets • Uncertain Relations With Volkswagen

Sidebar: Ghislaine Kaes and his Diaries � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �89

5 Italy to the Rescue � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �95

Radical Space Frames for the First Cisitalias • Cisitalia Goes Grand Prix Racing • Porsche Contracted by Cisitalia • The Cisitalia Grand Prix Car • Designing the Type 370, an Ambitious Sports Car • Karl Rabe Travels to Turin

Sidebar: Miles Collier “The Art of Restoration” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 122

6 A Volkswagen Sports Car � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 125

Beginnings with the Type 352 • The Type 356 Roadster Chassis • Simplicity: The 356 Roadster Body • Road Testing the 356 Roadster

Sidebar: The Private Life of 356-001 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 149

Sidebar: Robert Cumberford “Thoughts on the First Porsche 356” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 156

7 Miracle of Production � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 159

Creating a Coupe Chassis: The Type 356/2 • Scavenging Parts for Production • The Iconic Porsche Takes Shape • Marketing the Porsche Cars • Growing Pains in Gmünd

Sidebar: Type 356 Sports Leicht � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 202

8 Saga of a Gmünd Porsche � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 211

356/2-040 Provenance • The Nuts and Bolts of Preserving 356/2-040 • West Coast Tune-Up

Sidebar: Alex Finigan “My Experience with 356/2-040 � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 222

Sidebar: Adrian Gand “Appreciating the Missing Link” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 232

Sidebar: The Otto Mathé Story � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 233

9 why Porsche? � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 241

Returning to Stuttgart • Saying Farewell to Gmünd and to the Porsche Patriarch • Other Postwar VW-Based Sports Cars

Sidebar: Grant Larson “The Gmünd Porsches” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 262

Sidebar: Tony Hatter “Thoughts on Porsche Design” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 263

10 Origin of the Species � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 265

The Porsche Formsprache • Evolution of the Essential Genus Porsche

Sidebar: Peter W. Schutz “The Power of Porsche’s DNA” � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 274

Appendix 1: Factory documentation for Porsche 356/2-040� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 286

Appendix 2: 1949 Porsche 356 Owner’s Manual � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 292

bibliography � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 333

Index � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 334

Art Credits � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 341

Contributors � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 342

Table of Contents

Chapter 2: Porsche designers at

work in Stuttgart in the 1930’s

Chapter 3: Zuffenhausen

workshops during wartime

Chapter 5: Enter the Italians

Chapter 7: The 356/2 takes shape

Chapter 8: One car’s journey

Chapter 9: Porsche returns to

Germany

Chapter 10: Evolution of the

Porsche DNA

Chapter 6: The new Porsche

sports car

©2011 Bentley Publish

ers

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Bentley Publishers, 1734 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138-1804 USATel: 617-547-4170 • Toll Free: 800-423-4595 • Fax: 617-876-9235http://www.bentleypublishers.com/contact-us

Porsche—Origin of the Speciesby Karl Ludvigsen Foreword by Jerry Seinfeld

Price: $119.95Bentley Stock No: GPGCPublication Date: 2012.09-01ISBN: 978-0-8376-1331-4HardcoverCase quantity: 5356 pages 436 photos and illustrations

Bentley Publishers is proud to announce the latest Porsche heritage book by renowned automotive historian Karl Ludvigsen.

Within Jerry Seinfeld’s renowned Porsche collection resides an unassuming yet extraordinary piece of Porsche history: Porsche Gmünd coupe 356/2-040. Captured exclusively for this book in a series of evocative portraits by acclaimed automotive photographer Michael Furman, 040s unsullied originality conveys with startling immediacy the combination of artistry, innovation and determination that went into its improbable creation. This cornerstone of the Seinfeld collection serves as the inspiration for Porsche—Origin of the Species, an in-depth exploration by the eminent automotive historian Karl Ludvigsen into the specific influences and circumstances that brought forth the first Porsche-badged sports cars.

How and when did the people of the Porsche firm find themselves in a sawmill in Gmünd? What was the influence on the 356 of the cars and engines built by Porsche before and during the war? How and why was the first 356 shaped as it was? What was the real relationship between the tube-framed Type 356 roadster and the first 356/2 coupes? Questions like these deserve answers because the resulting DNA is so powerful, so robust, that it still influences the shape and style of Porsches well into the twenty-first century.

Karl Ludvigsen, author of the award-winning Porsche: Excellence Was Expected and Ferdinand Porsche – Genesis of Genius, tackles these questions and more in Porsche—Origin of the Species. The saga that emerges encompasses mechanical revelations, human drama and the turmoil of world war. Porsche—Origin of the Species will appeal to all car enthusiasts who are eager to know what events really ignited the spark from which all other Porsches evolved.

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Table of ContentsForeword by Jerry Seinfeld1 The Species Porsche2 Automaking Ambitions3 Turbulent War Years4 Sawmill Survival5 Italy to the Rescue6 A Volkswagen Sports Car7 Miracle of Production8 Saga of a Gmünd Porsche9 Why Porsche?10 Origin of the SpeciesAppendix 1: Factory Documentation for Porsche 356/2-040Appendix 2: 1949 Porsche 356 Owner’s Manual (40 pages plus cover)

Otto Mathé in front of Zell am See’s Grand Hotel with Porsche 356/2-040.

After its careful preserva-tion, Porsche 356/2/040 is back on the road and providing its lucky owner with the joy of driving in its purest form.