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proeqts `davasufTaoT saqarTvelo – sazogadoebis cnobierebis amaRleba da misi CarTva myari sayofacxovrebo narCenebis marTvis

gaumjobesebis procesSi“ (faza II), anxorcielebs arasamTavrobo orga-nizaciaTa konsorciumi – `saqarTvelos mwvaneTa moZraoba / dedamiwis megobrebi - saqarTvelo, mdgradi ganviTarebis kavSiri `ekoviJeni“ da saqarTvelos bunebis mkvlevarTa kavSiri `orqisi~, SvedeTis saerTaSo-riso ganviTarebis saagentos (Sida) finansuri uzrunvelyofiT, myari narCenebis kompaniis da garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis

saministros mxardaWeriT.

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1. winasityvaoba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

2. Sesavali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3. narCenebis marTva saqarTveloSi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4. narCenebis ierarqia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

5. narCenebis klasifikacia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

6. narCenebis marTva . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

7. municipalitetebis centridan moSorebul mcire zomis

soflebSi warmoqmnili narCenebis nakadebis aRwera . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8. narCenebis marTva soflad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

9. ganTavseba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

10. stiqiuri nagavsayrelebis likvidacia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Sinaarsi

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1. winasityvaoba

narCenebi (nagavi) Seicavs saxifaTo qimiur nivTierebebs tyvias da fosfors, romlebic abinZureben haers, niadags, gruntis wylebs. sabolod aseTi dabinZu-reba zians ayenebs garemos da saSiSroebas uqmnis adamianis janmrTelobas. dRes, mTeli rigi qvey nebis mTavrobebi cdiloben Seamciron adamianis ekonomikuri da sayofacxovrebo moqmedebis Sedegad warmoiqmnili narCenebis moculoba. aseTi mimarTulebis erT-erTi gzaa nedleulis xelmeored gamoyeneba axali produqci-is warmoebisaTvis.

ganviTarebuli qvey nebi did Zalisxmevas xarjaven narCenebis warmoSobis Sem-cirebaze. narCenebis dagroveba (damarxva) ar aris gamosavali rogorc garemos, ise janmrTelobis dacvis mimarTulebiT, aseve saxifaToa narCenebis pirdapiri ganadgurebac, radganac am SemTxvevaSi saqme gvaqvs sxvadasxva mavne emisiebTan da maRalkoncentrirebuli damabinZureblebis dagrovebasTan.

am problemis saukeTeso gadawveta mdgomareobs narCenebis warmoSobis preven-ciaSi da reciklirebis (gadamuSavebis) gziT miRebuli nedleulis produqciul ciklSi CarTvaSi.

2. Sesavali

municipaluri centrebidan Sor manZilze ganTavsebuli, bevri mcire dasaxle-buli punqtebisaTvis da im soflebisaTvis, romlebic misasvleli gzis uaRresad cudi pirobebis gamo praqtikulad miuvalia narCenebis marTvis transportisaT-vis, swored biujetis simwire ganapirobebs narCenebis marTvis xarjebis Sekve-cas. aseTi soflebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli: adgilobrivi pirobebi, garemos faqtorebi, gzis mdgomareoba, meteorologiuri pirobebi da sxva mravali faqtori aucilebels xdis standartuli midgomis ugulvelyofas da saWiroebs sxva specifikuri meTodebis gamoyenebas.

municipalitetebis centridan moSorebiT mdebare mcire soflebis mosaxle-oba narCenebis marTvis sakiTxebSi dgeba bevri gamowvevis winaSe. kerZod: arsebu-li gadamuSavebis (reciklirebis) bazris wvdoma, didi manZilebi regionul na-gavsayrelamde, personalis nakleboba, maTi SenarCuneba da sxva.

TiToeuli aseTi dasaxleba TavisTavad unikaluria da ar arsebobs raime er-Tiani saerTo gamosavali narCenebis marTvis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. amitom TiToeul maTgans sWirdeba individualuri midgoma.

naTelia, rom narCenebis marTva municipalitetebis centridan moSorebiT mdebare mcire dasaxlebebSi garemosdacviTi da adaminebis usafrTxoebis sruli gaTvaliswinebiT unda mimdinareobdes.

swored aseTi sakiTxebis ganxilvisa da analizisaTvis aris Seqmnili winamde-bare saxelmZRvanelo.

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3. narCenebis marTva saqarTveloSi

mcneba “narCenebis marTva” moicavs narCenebis Segrovebas, transportirebas, gadamuSavebas an ganTavsebas da mis marTvasa da monitorings misi warmoSobis “wyarodan” saboloo ganTavsebis adgilamde. narCenebis marTva exeba adamianis saqmianobiT warmoqmnil masalebs da mimarTulia adamianTa janmrTelobaze, ga-remoze an esTetiur mdgomareobaze uaryofiTi zemoqmedebis Semcirebisake n. nar-Cenebis marTva es aris resursebis ganaxlebisa da xelmeored gamoyenebis gansaz-Rvruli praqtika, romelic koncentrirebulia bunebrivi resursebis moxmarebis xarisxis Semcirebaze.

narCenebis marTvis praqtika gansxvavebulia ganviTarebuli da ganviTarebadi qvey nebisaTvis, urbanuli da sasoflo-sameurneo regionebisaTvis da aseve sacxo-vrebeli da industriuli ubnebisaTvis.

saqarTveloSi narCenebis marTvis sferos ZiriTadad kurirebs sakrebuloebis infrastruqturis komisia, romelic uflebamosilia miiRos gadawyvetilebebi adgilobriv doneze, daamtkicos biujeti da zedamxedveloba gauwios biujetis miznobriv xarjvas.

amJamad, saqarTveloSi narCenebis marTvis serviss axorcieleben adgilobriv TviTmarTvelobebTan arsebuli dasufTavebis samsaxurebi, romlebic ZiriTadad saxelmwifo struqturebia an saxelmwifos sakuTrebaSi myofi kompaniebi. es struqturebi warmoqmnili narCenebis sruli raodenobis mxolod daaxloebiT 25-35%-is Segrovebas axerxeben da ganaTavseben mouwesrigebel nagavsayrelebze. amJamad saqarTvelos yvela regionSi nagavsayrelebis mdgomareobas akontrolebs Sps „saqarTvelos narCenebis marTvis kompania“, romelic pasuxismgebelia yvela arsebuli nagavsayrelis marTvaze da axali nagavsayrelebis mSeneblobaze.

problemaa isic, rom ar xdeba narCenebis daxarisxeba. amitomac nagavsayre-

lebze sayofacxovrebo narCenebTan erTad xvdeba medikamentebi, sxvadasxva qimi-uri Semadgenlobis nivTierebebi, eleqtro saqoneli da a.S., romlebic Sereulia yvela saxis sxva sayofacxovrebo narCenebTan rac Sesabamisad zrdis narCenebis saerTo moculobas da amcirebs nagavsayrelebis operirebis xangrZlivobas.

gacilebiT uaresi mdgomareobaa administraciuli centrebidan moSorebul dasaxlebebSi, sadac praqtikulad saerTod ar xdeba narCenebis Segroveba da gatana.

aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom saqarTvelos parlamentis mier 2014 wlis 26 de-kembers miRebuli `narCenebis marTvis kodeqsi“, narCenebis marTvis wesebis darR-vevisaTvis iTvaliswinebs sajarimo sanqciebs rogorc fizikuri, aseve iuridiuli pirebisaTvis.

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4. narCenebis ierarqia

msoflioSi arsebuli nagavsayrelebi veRar audis ganviTarebuli ekonomikisa da cxovrebis donis amaRlebis gamo, gazrdili narCenebis raodenobas da saWiro xdeba axali nagavsayrelebis mSenebloba, rac gazrdil xarjebTan da garemoze gazrdil uaryofiT zemoqmedebasTanaa dakavSirebuli.

msoflioSi yvelaze metad miRebuli da efeqturi marTvis instrumenti nar-Cenebis raodenobis “wyaroSi” Semcirebaa, rac warmoudgenelia narCenebis „wya-roSive“ daxarisxebis gareSe. Semdeg modis myari narCenebis xelaxali gamoyeneba, rodesac narCeni produqti Tu masala SeiZleba xelaxla iqnas gamoyenebuli igi-ve an sxva mizniT, Semdegia gadamuSaveba (reciklireba), rodesac narCenebisagan SesaZlebelia resursebis aRdgena (ganaxleba). rigiT meoTxe meTodia energiis aRdgena gamoyofili gazisa da siTbos xarjze.

im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac sxvadasxva garemoebebis gamo, zemoTaRniSnuli meTo-debis gamoyenebis Semdeg, kvlav rCeba narCenebis garkveuli raodenoba, maSin

narCenebis marTvis saboloo etapi maTi nagavsayrelze ganTavsebaa. am SemTx-vevaSi narCenebis raodenoba sagrZnoblad mcirea, rac zrdis nagavsayrelis md-gradobas, misi funqcionirebis vadas da mniSvnelovnad amcirebs garemoze uary-ofiT zemoqmedebas. saerTod narCenebis marTvis sferoSi aucilebelia gaTvalis-winebuli iqnas Semdegi ZiriTadi faqtorebi:

• warmoqmnilinarCenebisraodenobisSemcireba/daxarisxeba(separacia);• narCenebisxelaxaligamoyenebisxarisxisgazrda;• gadamuSavebis(reciklirebis)xarisxisgazrda;• energiisaRdgenisadagamoyenebisxarisxisgazrda;• nagavsayrelzeganTavsebulinarCenebisraodenobisSemcireba;

amis safuZvelze ganviTarebuli qvey nebis mTavrobebma SeimuSaves narCenebis ierarqiuli piramida, romelic amomavali wertilia narCenebis mdgradi, inte-grirebuli marTvis sistemisaTvis. narCenebis ierarqiuli piramida ase gamoiyu-reba:

4.1. narCenebis Semcireba

narCenebis Semcireba warmoadgens piris an sazogadoebis mier warmoqmnili narCenebis odenobis Semcirebis process, rac gulisxmobs:

• naklebisSeZenasdanaklebisgamoyenebas;• warmoebisdrosmoxmarebulienergiisSemcirebas;• naklebimasalismoxmarebas.

4.2. narCenebis daxarisxeba (separacia)

daxarisxeba niSnavs narCenebis dayofas “nakadebis” mixedviT, rodesac sxva-dasxva tipis narCenebi cal-calke grovdeba da sxvadasxva ganTavsebis adgili gaaCnia.

4.3. narCenebis xelaxali gamoyeneba

xelaxali gamoyeneba niSnavs, nebismieri nivTis gamoyenebas erTze metjer. es gulisxmobs ganmeorebiT gamoyenebas, rodesac nivTi gamoiyeneba imave an sxva,

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axali funqciiT. sasargeblo produqtebis gacvliT (gadamuSavebis gareSe) xela-xali gamoyeneba uzrunvelyofs drois, saxsrebis, energiisa da resursebis da-zogvas.

4.4. narCenebis gadamuSaveba (reciklireba)

gadamuSaveba (reciklireba) moiazrebs gamoyenebuli masalebis (narCenebis) gardaqmnas axal produqtad - bunebrivi resursebis gamoyenebis, energiis mox-marebis, haerisa da wylis dabinZurebis Semcirebis gziT.

4.5. energiis aRdgena

e nergiis aRdgena gulisxmobs narCenebis sxvadasxva gziT damuSavebis (Termu-li, anaerobuli da sxva) Sedegad miRebuli siTbos an gazis xarjze axali ener-giis miRebas.

5. narCenebis klasifikacia

pirvel rigSi saWiroa narCenebis saxeobebis, e.w. “nakadebis” zustad da naTlad gansazRvra. magaliTad mcneba “municipaluri narCenebi” sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da qvey nis SigniTac ki, sxvadasxva eTnografiul jgufebSi SeiZleba gansxvavebulad aRiqmebodes. amisaTvis naTlad unda ganisazRvros narCenebis saxeobebi da tipebi.

narCenebi iyofa or ZiriTad klasad:

1.arasaxifaTonarCenebi;2. saxifaTo narCenebi.

Cve ni saxelmZRvanelos farglebSi ufro detalurad ganvixilavT arasaxifaTo narCenebs, romlebic TavisTavad iyofa sxvadasxva tipebad, magaliTad:

1. e.w. saerTo narCenebi, romlebic moicavs:

• sayofacxovrebonarCenebs,romlebickontaqtSiiyvnensakvebTusxvaor-ganul komponentebTan da SeuZlebelia maTi gadamuSaveba, aRdgena da xelmeored gamoyeneba. swored es nakadia gansazRvruli nagavsayrelze gansaTavseblad.

2. biologiuri narCenebi, sadac ZiriTadad gaerTianebulia

• sakvebinarCenebi;• moWrilitotebisdafoTlebise.w.baRisnarCenebi;• nakeli;• sxvanarCenebi.

3. gadamuSavebadi (reciklirebadi) narCenebi, romelTa gadamuSaveba da maTgan meoradi nedleulis miRebaa SesaZlebeli. esenia magaliTad:

• myariplastmasi;• polieTileni;• e.w.„peti“(plastmasisboTlebi);

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• SuSa;• metali;• alumini(konservisdasasmelebisqilebi);• xe;• qaRaldi/kardoni.

4. eleqtronuli narCeni, romelic axlad warmoqmnili naCenebis nakadia da moicavs naxmar mobilur telefonebs, kompiuterebs, eleqtronul xelsawyoebs, televizorebs, macivrebs da a.S.

5. inertuli narCenebi, rac gulisxmobs narCenebs, romlebic ar aris arc qimurad da arc biologiurad aqtiuri da ar ixrwneba. am kategoriaSi gadis samSeneblo narCenebi, rogoricaa:

• betonisnamsxvrevebi;• agurisnamsxvrevebi;• asfaltisnamsxvrevebi;• gajisadasxvasaizolaciomasalisnarCenebi;• TabaSir-muyaosnarCenebi;• samSenebloplastmasisnarCenebi.

saxifaTo narCenebs miekuTvneba iseTi narCenebi rogoricaa: naxmari samrewve-lo zeTebi, saburavebi, akumulatorebi, batareebi, flurescenturi da ekonomi-uri naTurebi, saRebavis narCenebi, sayofacxovrebo qimikatebis konteinerebi da sxva.

6. narCenebis marTva

rogorc zemoT avRniSneT “narCenebis marTva” moicavs narCenebis mTel sicocx-lis cikls, maT Segrovebas, transportirebasa da saboloo ganTavsebas, gadamu-Savebis an nagavsayrelze ganTavsebis gziT.

narCenebis yovel zemoaRniSnul klass da tips (nakads) gaaCnia Tavisi Segro-vebis, transportirebisa da saboloo ganTavsebis gza. magaliTad:

6.1. arasaxifaTo narCenebi

6.1.1. „saerTo“ narCenebi

e.w. saerTo narCenebi yvelaze „arasasur-veli“ nakadia naraCenebis marTvis aspeqtSi, imdenad, ramdenadac swored es nakadia gan-sazRvruli nagavsayrelebze gansaTavseblad. Cvens qveyanaSi, narCenebis daxarisxebis ararsebobis gamo, „saerTo“ narCenebis naka-dis moculoba gacilebiT didia, radgan masSi gaerTianebulia TiTqmis yvela sxva na-kadi. es did problemas uqmnis garemos na-gavsayrelebis moculobebis swrafad Sevse-bis TvalsazrisiT da Sesabamisad ewinaaRm-degeba ganviTrebul qvey nebSi danergil nar-Cenebis ierarqias.

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„saerTo“ narCenebi grovdeba quCebSi ganTavsebuli urnebidan, transportir-deba specialuri a/manqanebis saSualebiTda maTi sabolooganTavsebis adgilinagavsayrelia.

6.1.2. biologiuri narCenebi

biologiuri narCenebis marTvis meqanizmi maTi biologiuri damuSavebaa, rac moicavs biologiuri narCenebis kompostirebas, anaerobul duRilsa da meqani-kur biologiur damuSavebas mravali ganviTarebuli Tu ganviTarebadi qveyana mimarTavsSereulinarCenebisda/anbiodegradireba-di narCenebis fraqciebis (samzareulos da restorne-bis narCenebi, mcenareuli e.w. mwvane narCenebi, saka-nalizacio narCenebi) kompostirebasa da anaerobul daduRebas. es ukanaskneli xdeba organuli masis ana-erobul garemoSi moTavsebiT sadac mimdinareobs bi-omasis „daduReba“ da gazis gamoyofa, romlis saSu-alebiTac Semdeg iwarmoeba eleqtroenergia.

kompostireba aerobulad Slis narCenebs naxSi-rorJangad (CO2), wylad da tenian fraqciad. kompo-stis xarisxidan gamomdinare arsebobs misi gamoyene-bis sxvadasxva saSualeba rogoricaa, soflis meurne-oba, niadagis stabilizacia, niadagis aRdgena da a.S.

6.1.3. gadamuSavebadi (reciklirebadi) narCenebi

zemoT CamoTvlili gadamuSavebadi (reciklirebadi) narCenebis nakadebi grovdeba cal-calke da gansxvavebuli transportiT xdeba maTi gadatvirTva specilur gadamamuSavebel (recikli-rebis) centrebSi, sadac xorcieldeba narCenebis gardaqmna nedleulad da romelic Tavis mxriv gamoiyeneba axa-li produqtis warmoebaSi.

6.1.4. eleqtronuli narCenebi

am specifikuri nakadis marTva, gadamuSaveba-di (reciklirebadi) narCenebis marTvis identu-ria. Tumca, TviT narCenis tipis specifikidan gamomdinare gadamuSavebis teqnologiebi be-vrad rTulia.

6.1.5. inertuli (samSeneblo) narCenebi

inertuli narCenebis marTvis sxva-dasxva saSualebebi arsebobs. es SeiZleba iyos maTi gadamuSaveba (reciklireba), xe-laxali gamoyeneba da samSeneblo narCe-nebis nagavsayrelze ganTavseba.

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6.2. saxifaTo narCenebi

saxifaTo narCenebis marTva, ara-saxifaTo narCenebis marTvisagan gansxvavebiT dakavSirebulia bevrad ufro rTul procesebTan da teqno-logiur ciklebTan. Tumca, narCene-bis ierarqiis ZiriTadi principebi: Semcireba, xelaxla gamoyeneba, gadamuSaveba da nagavsayrelze gan-Tavseba saxifaTo narCenebis SemTxve-vaSic Sesabamisia.

samwuxarod dRes saqarTveloSi TiTqmis ar arsebobs saxifaTo narCenebis marT-vis Sesabamisi obieqtebi.

7. municipalitetebis centridan moSorebul mcire zomis

soflebSi warmoqmnili narCenebis nakadebis aRwera

Cve ns qveyanaSi, centridan daSorebul mcire zomis soflebSi warmoqmnili narCenebis saxeebi ZiriTadad ganekuTvneba sayofacxovrebo narCenebis klass.

soflebSi warmoSobili narCenis ZiriTad masas warmoadgens biologiuri nar-Cenebi, Tumca e.w. „saerTo“ narCenebis moculobac gasaTvaliswinebelia.

sakamaod dabalia gadamuSavebadi narCenebis generireba, magaliTad mineralu-riwylis,gazianisasmelebisboTlebi,SesafuTimasala,qaRaldi/kardoni,SuSa,metali. am narCenebis umetesoba xelaxal gamoyenebas povebs patara soflis mo-saxleobaSi. Tumca maTi warmoSoba ra Tqma unda mainc xdeba da es nakadi saerTo narCenTan erTad ukeTes SemTxvevaSi xvdeba „sanagve“ urnebSi (Tu aseTi saerTod moipoveba ama Tu im soflis teritoriaze) an Tavis saboloo ganTavsebas povebs stiqiur „nagavsayrelebis“ teritoriaze, xevebSi an mdinaris kalapotebSi.

kidev ufro dabali, ToTqmis umniSvneloa eleqtronuli da inertuli narCe-nebis generireba. aseve mcirea sayofacxovrebo saxifaTo narCenebis warmoSobis albaTobac.

8. narCenebis marTva soflad

municipaluri centrebidan did manZilze daSorebuli mcire zomis dasaxle-bebSi narCenebis marTva saqarTveloSi ZiriTadad garTulebulia. es dakavSirebu-lia gadazidvis manZilebTan, misasvleli gzebis mdgomareobasTan, bunebriv da meteorologiur pirobebTan, saxsrebis naklebobasTan da sxva.

xSir SemTxvevebSi aseT dasaxlebebSi ar arsebobs narCenebis Sesagrovebeli ur-nebi da Sesabamisad an ar xdeba municipalitetebis mier narCenebis Segroveba, an Segroveba xdeba Zalze did intervalebSi. es ki iwvevs soflad generirebuli nar-Cenebis moxvedras e.w. stiqiur nagavsayrelebze, mdinaris kalapotebsa da xevebSi.

e.w. „stiqiuri“ nagavsayrelebi.

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rogorc zemoT avRniSneT, gadamuSavebadi narCenebis mcire raodenobas adgi-lobrivi mosaxleoba xelmeored gamoiyenebs, mag. Zlier dabinZurebuli SuSis boTlebi, plastmasis boTlebi. sxva gadamuSavebadi narCenebis nakadebi, marTalia mcire raodenobiT, magram mainc xvdeba e.w. „saerTo“ narCenebis nakadSi da Sesa-bamisad zrdis mis moculobas.

zemoxsenebulidan gamomdinare saWiro xdeba centridan moSorebiT mdebare soflebidan narCenebis Segrovebis da gamotanis Sesabamisi sqemis SemuSaveba. am sqemaSi narCenebi unda Segrovdes adgilze arsebuli saSualebebiT, moxdes maTi droebiTi Senaxva (ganTavseba), xolo gansazRvrul intervalebSi mag. 3 TveSi, 6 TveSi an SesaZlebelia weliwadSi erTxelac (dasaxlebuli puntis mosaxleobis simravlisa da generirebuli narCenebis moculobis gaTvaliswinebiT) maTi gata-na saboloo ganTavsebis adgilebamde.

gatanis grafikis Sedgenisas aucilebelia gaTvaliswinebuli iqnas sezonuro-bac, radgan zafxulis periodSi soflad mosaxleobis raodenoba da Sesabamisad narCenebis moculobebic izrdeba zamTris periodebTan SedarebiT. zamTris peri-odSi aseve gasaTvaliswinebelia didTovlobac, rodesac ramdine xnis ganmavlo-baSi gzebze gadaadgileba SeuZlebeli xdeba.

8.1. narCenebis adgilze marTvis saSualebebi

ise rogorc mTels msoflioSi, soflad generirebuli narCenebis adgilze marTvis yvelaze efeqturi saSualeba, saerTo narCenebis raodenobis Semcirebaa. amisaTvis aucilebelia dainergos narCenebis daxarisxebis praqtika. Tumca muni-cipalitetebis daxmarebis gareSe narCenebis marTvis ganxorcieleba moSorebiT mdebare mcire soflebisaTvis mainc Zalze rTuli iqneba.

aseTi SemTxvevebisTvis, msoflioSi miRebuli praqtikaa mcire soflebis mo-saxleobis moxaliseTa asociaciebis aqtiuroba. Cve ns qveyanaSi, narCenebis marT-vis danergvis sawyis stadiaze rekomendirebuli iqneba narCenebis marTvaze pasu-xismgebeli piri iyos soflis rwmunebuli an gamgeblis warmomadgeneli an sxva piri, romelic daniSnuli iqneba municipalitetis mier da miiRebs xelfass. aseT asociaciebs, an pasuxismgebel pirebs SeuZliaT mimarTon municipalitetebs nar-Cenebis marTvis sferos dafinansebaze da miiRon sxvadasxva saxis dafinanseba grantebis Tu dotaciis saxiT. amave pirebs SeiZleba mieniWoT ufleba sajarimo sanqciebis dawesebis Sesaxeb.

municipalitetebis pasuxismgebloba iqneba ganaTavsos urnebi soflis sxva-dasxva sakvanZo adgilebze. urnebis raodenoba unda Seesabamebodes narCenebis nakadebis raodenobas da aseve aucilebelia gaTvaliswinebuli iqnes dasaxlebis simWidrove. Tu mosaxleebi sakmaod did manZilze arian daSorebuli erTmaneTis-gan ideluri iqneba, yovel mosaxleze gansazRvruli iyos TiTo urna gadamuSave-badi narCenebisaTvis. sxva SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba yovel 4 mosaxleze erTi urnis ganlageba. am urnebSi adgilobrivi mosaxleoba moaxdens narCenebis daxarisxe-bul ganTavsebas, rac narCenebis simciris gamo Zalzed ioli iqneba.

narCenebis urnebis ganTavsebis kidev ufro iafi saSualebaa adgilobrivi mo-saxleobis mier, elementaruli xelovnuri „urnebis“ damzadeba maT xelT arse-buli narCeni masalebiT, sadac ganTavsdeba mxolod gadamuSavebadi narCenebi. aRsaniSnavia, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tu urnebSi ar moxvdeba biologiuri narCeni, maSin urnebSi usiamovno sunis arseboba praqtikulad gamoricxulia.

am gansazRvruli adgilebidan narCenebis Segrovebas da gatanas moaxdens ad-gilobrivi asociacia an pasuxismgebeli piri (urmiT, motocikliT Tu sxva arse-buli saSualebiT), ise, rom ar moxdes daxarisxebuli narCenebis Sereva.

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8.2. biologiuri narCenebi

soflebSi warmoqmnili narCenis ZiriTadi masis, biologiuri narCenebis ume-tesi wili aseve povebs xelmeored gamoyenebas (saqonlis, Rorebis sakvebi, sasu-qi). Tumca darCenili masa, romelic ar aris gamosadegi pirutyvis sakvebad ase-ve xvdeba e.w. „saerTo“ narCenebis nakadSi.

mcire soflebis pirobebSi, biologiuri narCenebis marTvis yvelaze Sesafe-risi gza kompostirebaa. kompostireba SesaZlebelia ezoSi an baRSi amoTxril ormoSi, xis yuTSi an specializirebul plastmasis konteinerSi. kompostirebis Semdeg miRebuli produqti maRali xarisxis, ekologiurad sufTa sasuqia.

kompostireba

9. ganTavseba

9.1. mcire nagavsayrelebi

pirvel rigSi ganvixiloT soflebSi mcire zomis nagavsayrelebis mowyobis SesaZlebloba. es sakiTxi sakmaod sensitiuria, radganac saxelmwifos strate-giuli gegmis Tanaxmad aseTi saqmianobis ganxorcieleba ukanonoa. amas garda, nebismieri, Tundac mcire zomis nagavsayrelis mSenebloba saWiroebs rigi moT-xovnebisa da standartebis dakmayofilebas, rac sakmaod ZviradRirebul kvleve-bTan aris dakavSirebuli. amasTan nagavsayrelis mSeneblobis aucilebeli piro-baa Sesabamisi proeqtisa da sxva saxis garemosdacviTi dokumentaciis arseboba da maTi damtkiceba sxvadasxva saxelmwifo organoebis mier (ekonomikis samini-stro-mSeneblobisnebarTva;garemosadabunebriviresursebisdacvissamini-stro - garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefaseba). yovelive amis gareSe nebismieri nagav-sayrelis mSeneblobaze laparakic ki zedmetia. amitom Cvens SemTxvevaSi mcire masStabis nagavsayrelebis mowyobis sakiTxi saerTod unda gamovricxoT.

aseT SemTxvevaSi narCenebis marTvis yvelaze misaRebi saSualebaa droebiTi Senaxvis adgilebi an e.w. gadamtvirTi sadgurebi.

9.2. gadamtvirTi sadguri

gamomdinare iqidan, rom narCenebis saboloo ganTavseba centridan daSore-buli soflebis SemTxvevaSi garTulebulia, zemoT aRniSnuli garemoebebis gamo upriani iqneba yovel sofelSi moewyos narCenebis miRebisa da droebiTi ganTav-sebis centrebi, rac mTels msoflioSi miRebuli praqtikaa. aseT centrebs gadamt-virT sadgurebs uwodeben. gadamtvirTi sadguris masStabi damokidebulia narCe-nis im raodenobasTan risi winaswari damuSavebac uwevs ama Tu im gadamtvirT sadgurs mis saboloo ganTavsebamde.

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Sesabamisad mcire dasaxlebul punqtebSi saWiro iqneba mcire masStabis gadamt-virTi sadguris mowyoba, sadac gansazRvruli periodis ganmavlobaSi moxdeba Sida teritoriaze Segrovebuli narCenebis dagroveba, damuSaveba xolo perio-dulad municipalitetis mier moxdeba maTi gatana nagavsayrelebsa da sxva Sesa-bamisi ganTavsebis adgilebze.

gadamtvirTi sadguri warmoadgens Senobas an adgils narCenebis droebiTi ganTavsebisaTvis. gadamtvirTi sadguri aris adgili, sadac adgilobrivi narCe-nebisSemgrovebelia/manqanebiganaTavsebennarCenebsufrodidimoculobisa/manqanebSimaTgadasatvirTad.esdidimoculobisa/manqanebiaxdenennarCenebissaboloo daniSnulebis adgilebze gadazidvas (insineratori, nagavsayreli, sa-xifaTonarCenebisnagavsayreliangadamamuSavebeli/reciklirebis)qarxnebi).

narCenebis marTvis sqema

sxvadasxva municipalitetebis momijnave ramodenime soflis adgilobrivi narCenebiserTtvirTadgaerTianebis,anunarCenebisSemgrovebelierTia/man-qanis gamoyenebis saSualebi, mezobeli municipalitetebi did ekonomias miiReben narCenebis Sor manZilze gadazidvisdros. es aseve sagrZnoblad Seamcirebs a/transportis moZraobis sixSires nagavsayrelis miarTulebiT. Tumca gadamtvir-Ti sadguris arasworad ganTavsebis an araswori daproeqtebisa da operirebis SemTxvevaSi, man SesaZlebelia problemebi Seuqmnas axlomaxlo mcxovreb mosax-leobas.

amitom soflad gadamtvirTi sadguris ganviTarebis dros gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas Semdegi kriteriumebi da faqtorebi:

1. wylisresursebisdacva(siaxlovezedapiruldamiwisqveSawyalsacavebTan);2. gruntis arastabiluroba (mdebareoba da Semogareni, romelic eqceva zemo-

qmedebis arealSi. arastabiluri gruntis SemTxvevaSi narCenebis marTvisaTvis gankuTvniliSenoba-nagebobebismSeneblobaararisrekomendirebuli);

3. vizualuri zemoqmedeba (gaTvaliswinebuli iqnas landSaftis Taviseburebani damoxdeslandSaftzezemoqmedebismaqsimaluriSerbileba);

4. a/manqanebisgadaadgilebadamisasvleligzebi(gaTvaliswinebuliiqnasgze -bis qselis stabiluroba da ganisazRvros ramdenad sando da usafrTxoa ar-sebulimisasvleligzebi);

5. haeris emisiebi da mtveri (gaTvaliswinebuli iqnas sensitiuri receptorebis siaxlove);

6. suni(gaTvaliswinebuliiqnassensitiurireceptorebissiaxlove);7. xmauri da vibracia (gaTvaliswinebuli iqnas sensitiuri receptorebis siax-

love);

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8. gafantuli nagavi (zogierTi saxis narCenebis marTvis nagebobebisaTvis dama-xasiaTebelia narCenebis gafantva qaris gamo. aucilebelia Sesabamisi zomebis miReba);

9. potenciuri miwaTsargeblobis konfliqti (gaTvaliswinebuli iqnas mezobeli miwis nakveTebis miwaTsargeblobis saxeoba).

9.3. gadamtvirTi sadguris mowyoba

elementaruli tipis gadamtvirTi sadguri SeiZleba moewyos Zalzed iolad daelementaruli tipis gadamtvirTi sadguri SeiZleba moewyos Zalzed iolad da minimaluri danaxarjebiT. amisaTvis saWiroa gadaxuruli farduli, romlis ia-taki myari safariT aris dafaruli (rekomendirebulia betonis sagebi, Tumca datkepnili xreSis iatakic dasaSvebia) da SemoRobilia mdgradi RobiT (Tavidan rom aviciloT saqonlis da sxva ucxo pirTa Sesvla). Sesasvleli WiSkari au-cileblad unda iketebodes.

ase SeiZleba gamoiyurebodes elementaruli gadamtvirTi sadguri

gadamtvirTi sadguris SigniT unda moewyos sxvadasxva narCenebis nakadebis daxarisxebis/damuSavebisujredebi,sadacmoxdebagadamuSavebadi(reciklireba-di) narCenebis nakadebis ganTavseba.

sadgurSi ganlagebuli gadasamuSaveblad gamzadebuli „produqcia“,

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narCenebis fuTebielementaruli gadamtvirTi sadguris mowyobis sqema

sadguris farglebSi unda moewyos daxarisxebis moedani, sadac moxdeba gada-muSavebadi narCenebis urnebidan Segrovili narCenebis daxarisxeba nakadebis mixedviT da Semdeg gankuTvnil ujredebSi ganTavseba.

narCenebis daxarisxeba

9.4. saerTo narCenebi

gadamtvirTi sadguris te-ritoriis farglebSi, e.w. „sae-rTo“ narCenebisaTvis, unda mo-ewyos narCenebis droebiTi gan-Tavseba-Senaxvis elementaruli saTavsi (moculoba), SesaZloa ormoc, sasurvelia betonis ke-dlebiTa da ZiriT. ormos mo-culoba unda gamoiTvalos kon-kretulad im sofelSi gene-rirebuli narCenebis moculo-basa da gatanis grafikis gaTva-liswinebiT.

saerTo narCenebis droebiTi ganTavsebis adgilis SesaZlo varianti

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saTavsi (moculoba) gadaxuruli unda iyos myari saxuraviT, sasurvelia mo-Tavsebuli iyos gadamtvirTi sadguris gadaxurvis qveS. ormos proeqti aseve unda iTvaliswinebdes masSi ganTavsebuli narCenebis xeliT gadatvirTvis gaad-vilebul SesaZleblobebs didi zomis narCenebis transportirebisaTvis gankuTv-nil avtomanqanebSi (rampis mowyoba, bunkeris amoReba da a.S.).

saerTo narCenebis avtomanqanaSi CatvirT-vis gaadvilebuli saSualeba

SesaZloa gadamtvirTi sadguris mowyobis ufro Tanamedrove variantis gan-xilvac. am SemTxvevaSi sadguris mowyoba meti saxsrebis mozidvasTanaa dakavSire-buli, rac principSi municipalitetebis gadasawyvetia.

gadamtvirTi sadguris ZiriTadi koncefcia ar icvleba, ubralod gadamuSave-badi narCenebis ujredebTan erTad montaJdeba narCenebis pirveladi damuSavebis mowyobilobebi, ZiriTadad sawnexi danadgarebi, romlebic saSualebas gvaZlevs bevrad Semcirdes gadamuSavebadi narCenebis moculoba, maTi dawnexvis saSuale-biT.

narCenebis sawnexi danadgarebi

dawnexvis Sedegad miRebuli produqcia

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dawnexili gadamuSavebadi narCenebi, ki ufro metad mimzidvelia sxvadasxva gadamuSavebis (reciklirebis) kompaniebisaTvis, rogorc meoradi nedleuli. ase-Ti danadgarebis operireba sakmaod advilia Sesabamisi mokle treningis gavlis Semdeg. misi remontisa da teqnikuri momsaxurebis fasebi gaTvaliswinebuli unda iqnas misi SeZenis dros.

„saerTo“ narCenebis droebiTi ganTavsebis sakiTxic SesaZloa bevrad ufro civilizebuli da garemosaTvis nakleb saziano gziT ganxorcieldes. amisaTvis saWiroa municipalitetma SeiZinos specializirebuli e.w. RO-RO tipis satvirTo a/manqanebi,romlebicaRWurviliiqnebiandidimoculobissawnexikonteinere -biTsaerTonarCenebisaTvis.a/manqanamaseTikonteineriSeiZlebaCamodgasnebis-mier adgilas, sadac arsebobs eleqtroenergiis wyaro. konteineri uerTdeba eleqtroenergiis wyaros da igi xdeba stacionaluri mcire zomis gadamtvirTi sadguri, sadac SeiZleba Caiwnexos 30-dan 50-mde kuburi metri saerTo narCeni. misiSevsebisSemdegspecialuria/manqanamasCaanacvlebscarieliT,xolosavsesgadazidavs nagavsayrelze.

sawnexi konteinerebis saxeobebi

RO-RO tipis satvirTo a/manqana

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10. stiqiuri nagavsayrelebis likvidacia

saqarTveloSi, TiTqmis yvela dasaxlebul punqtis maxloblad arsebobs nar-Cenebis akumulaciis adgilebi, e.w. „stiqiuri“ nagavsayrelebi, romlebic ganTav-sebulia mdeloebze, gzebis gaswvriv, umetes wilad xevebSi da mdinaris kala-potebSi. romlebic wlebis manZilze warmoiqmnen adgilobrivi mosaxleobis mier narCenebis ukontrolo ganTavsebis Sedegad.

dRes, rogorc saxelmwifos, ise mTeli sazogadoebis gamowvevaa aseTi nagavsa-yrelebis likvidacia da maTi ganmeorebis Tavidan acileba. aRsaniSnavia, rom narCenebis akumulaciis adgilebis likvidacia sakmaod rTuli, Sromatevadi da ZviradRirebuli saqmea.

municipalitetebis centridan moSorebuli mcire dasaxlebuli punqtebisaT-vis narCenebis marTvis axal relsebze gadasvlasTan erTad, erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani sakiTxi swored aseTi nagavsayrelebis likvidaciaa.

„stiqiuri“ nagavsayrelebis likvidaciis dros SeiZleba gaviTvaliswinoT ori rekomendacia:

1. dagrovebuli da mimofantuli narCenebis mogroveba da a/manqanebis saSuale-biT gatana arsebul kanonier nagavsayrelze;

2. narCenebis damarxva.

pirveli rekomendaciis SemTxvevaSi saWiro iqneba meti samSeneblo teqnikis, avtotransportisa da muSaxelis mobilizacia. meore rekomendacia aseT danaxar-jebs ar moiTxovs, magram am SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia gaviTvaliswinoT elemen-taruli garemosdacviTi moTxovnebi narCenebis dasamarxi ormos an Txrilis amoRebis dros. sasurvelia ormo / Txrili amoRebuli iyos Tixian gruntSi, masSi sasurvelia amogebuli iqnas wyalgaumtari sagebi, geomembranis an ubralod didi simkvrivis polieTilenis firis saSualebiT da mxolod amis Semdeg moxdes ormoSi/TxrilSi narCenebis ganTavseba. narCenebis damarxva fenebad unda mimdi-nareobdes. yoveli 1 metri narCenis fena unda kargad daiktkepnos da gadaifaros daaxloebiT 20 sm sisqis gruntis feniT.

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gamocema moamzada:mixeil kvaracxeliam

redaqtireba:maia kapanadZe, lela yaWeiSvili

mxatvari:nino gurabaniZe

daakabadona: irakli guledanma

saqarTvelos mwvaneTa moZraoba / dedamiwis megobrebi - saqarTvelo

Tbilisi, 0162 muxaZis q. #16.tel/faqsi: (+995 32) 2234037;

el-fosta: info@greens.gewww.greens.gewww.cleanup.ge