Pollution
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Transcript of Pollution
Unit 16 and 17. Understanding and
coping with pollution
Pollute-Make unclean, impure, corrupt, dirty -Contaminate (water, air, etc.) with harmful chemicals, waste materialPage 136
Introduction of contaminants into an
environment that causes instability, disorder,
harm or discomfort to the ecosystem
Definition of POLLUTION
Contaminate = to make impure, infected, corrupt, etc. by contact with or addition of
something;
Pollution – Air, water, land, noise
1.Extent – The scale that it affects
2.Causes – Human activities, natural events
3.Effects – on people, animals, environment… anything you can think of?
4.Measures – Solutions to reduce the problem
One type of pollution can lead to other types of
pollution = as the physical environment is
INTERCONNECTED
Extent of pollution
• Local scale• Only affect a certain area• Air, water, land, noise
• Regional scale
• Spread over countries
• Air and water
• Global scale
• Spread over continents• Global warming/ Ozone depletion
http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=4GluDBxSVfQ
•Introduction of chemicals or particles into the atmosphere that are harmful or dangerous •Example = Dust, ash, harmful gases
Air Pollution
Human ActivitiesCauses of air pollution
Natural events
Motor vehicles – carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide
Industries, Incinerators (Treat waste)
Volcanic eruption - Produce ash and dust
Forest fires – ash and smoke
Q : Which human activity will also cause forest fire?
Acid Rain
Withered trees
Effects on Air pollution – 1. EnvironmentSmog (Smoke + sulphur dioxide)
Visible corrosionHaze (Dust and smoke particles in air)
Visibility affected in traffic (Safety
issue)
Eg Cars, aeroplanes
Individual health problems
(respiratory)
Eg Asthma, Bronchitis
Effects on Air pollution2. Health 3. Traffic
Water Pollution
The contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans and groundwater.
What is the keyword?
Causes of water pollution
Discharging industrial waste
Oil Spills (hard to clean up)
Dumping garbage and raw sewage
Seepage from landfill
Plants and Animals
Economic Loss (fisherman, tourist)Human lives (poisoning)
Algae Growth (Chemical fertilizers, affects aqualife)
Effects of water pollution
(a) (b)(c)
(d)
(1) (2)
(4)
(5)
(7)
(3)
(6)
Unit 16 – Understanding pollution
Causes and effects of pollution
Name : __________________
• Fill in the causes of pollution in for (a) to (d)
• State the effects of pollution on the following (1) to (7)
1
1. Fill in the causes of pollution in for (a) to (d)
Refer to text page 136 and 137 to find out more
(a)Agriculture(b)Fire
(c)Industry
(d)Transport
• Ground water – contamination of water supply, affects people, animals and plants
• Human health – Respiratory problems, breathing difficulty eg Asthma, bronchitis
• Cultural resources – Corrosion of surface
• Aquatic ecosystem – Poisoning of animals, lack of oxygen due to algae boom
• Drinking water – Poisoning of people and animals
• Forest productivity – Withered trees, dying plants
• Visibility – How clear/far we can see, affects traffic conditions
Land Pollution
The degradation of Earth’s land surfaces by human activities and misuse of land resources. It also occurs when waste is not disposed properly.
Improper disposal of waste
Farming practices = Fertilizers & pesticides (results in both water and land pollution)
Causes of land pollution
1. Negative impact on human health (Spread of diseases)
2. Poisoning of animals (When consume untreated waste)
Effect of land pollution
Sound that disrupts the environmentNoise pollution
Effects of noise pollution
• Stress and anxiety
• Affect our hearing
• Increase blood pressure
Write a complaint letter in pairs. Include the following : The extent of problem, causes and solutions
Pollution From To Problem
Air Pilot Air traffic control authority
Haze and smog
Water Fisherman Water treatment board
Contaminated water, oil spills
Land Farmer Soil association
Spread of diseases
Noise Resident Housing board
Noisy neighbour
Measures1. International – UNEP www.unep.org- Control Toxic emission, increase clean water supply, implement proper sewage system
2. Regional Case study : Haze problem in Indonesia- Transboundary Haze pollution- Annual issue = ongoing problem- Air Quality monitoring stations
Measures3. National-Laws & regulations (control amount of pollutants within safety limits), alternative source of energy, proper waste disposal methods (landfills, incinerators)
Case Study : Singapore’s Semakau landfill- Careful planning of the island led to its amazing biodiversity- Semakau maintains a sustainable solid waste management system and a wealth of natural habitats- Biodiversity includes various species of birds, sea animals and insects
4. Individual- RRR- Education
Pollution in the world
Air Pollution (dust + smoke) Water Pollution Land Pollution Noise Pollution
Causes 1. Natural events
-Volcanic eruptions release ash/smoke
-Forest Fires : hot & dry weather (haze)
2. Human activities
-Industries : burn fossil fuel = soot
-Motor vehicles produce harmful gas
-Construction work
1. Improper disposal of sewage (human waste, detergent, toxic chemicals)
2. Oil spills (spread over large areas)
1. Improper disposal of waste – space constraint, technology
2. Excessive use of chemical fertilizers & pesticides (lead to soil contamination,)
1. Traffic - vehicles
2. Construction – drilling, knocking, heavy machines
3. Others – talking loudly, concerts
Extent -Industrial waste leads to ACID RAIN (falls into river to cause WP)
-Haze : Dust & smoke particles are suspended in air
-Smog : Dust & smoke combine with water vapour & toxic gas
-Spreads across boundaries
1. Health – difficulty breathing, irritate throat & eyes (respiratory system), toxic gas (carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides)
2. Traffic hazard – visibility affects safety
3. Environment – Acid rain destroys building (corrodes) & ecosystem (forest)
1. Endangering plant & animal species (oil sticks to fur & remove air insulation = freeze to death/birds cant fly & drown)
2. Chemicals cause growth of algae which blocks sunlight (cant photosynthesize)
3. Human – poison in fish, humans consume contaminated food
4. Economic loss- Livelihood of fisherman, beach unattractive to tourists
1. Negative impact on human health – unhygienic (germs & bacteria), eyesore
2. Poisoning of animals
-Damage hearing
-Increase stress level & anxiety
-Lead to poor work performance
-1 type of pollution can lead to other types as the physical environment is interconnected
Start the pledge with “We, the citizens of Singapore, pledge to reduce pollution by … “
Start the pledge with “We, the Government of Singapore, pledge to reduce pollution by … “
Start the pledge with “We, the representatives of the world, pledge to reduce pollution by … “