Pollen data from a 5-meter Upper Pleistocene Lacustrine ... · Faegri, Knut, and Iversen, Johs.,...

Pollen data from a 5-meter Upper Pleistocene Lacustrine Section

from Walker Lake, Coconino County,

Arizona

by

Richard W. Berry

Charles W. McCormick

David P. Adam

U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report Number 82-383

This report is preliminary and has not been edited for

conformity with U. S. Geological Survey editorial standards

and stratigraphic nomenclature.

Introduction

Walker Lake, Arizona, lies in the bottom of a small volcanic cinder cone at an elevation of about 2500 m in the San Francisco Peaks volcanic field (Figure 1). The modern lake is quite shallow and occupies only the center of the depression. During upper Pleistocene time, however, the lake was considerably larger and deeper, and a sequence of lake muds was deposited that is at least 5 m thick and extends well away from the modern lake margin towards the crater rim.

The deposition of lake sediments of the Upper Pleistocene lake was interrupted by a fall of 1-2m of volcanic cinders from a crater several km distant. The top of the lake sediments has yielded a radiocarbon age of 15,4^0+250 BP (A-1199; Long and Muller, 1981) which should closely approximate the time of the cinder fall. The cinder layer is in turn overlain by about 1 m of dark soil that appears to be developed in aeolian silt and is equivalent in age to the lacustrine sediments above the cinder layer in the existing pond.

In 1976 a pit was dug on the south side of the lake in order to examine and sample the lake sediments for pollen and paleomagnetic studies. Pollen samples were removed from the wall of the pit as a series of monoliths 5 cm square and 25 cm long. These monoliths were continuously sampled at a 1 cm sampling interval for pollen analysis. Each sample consisted of a 1-cm thick slice with a volume of 4 cm3. This report presents the raw pollen counts for 500 samples that cover a stratigraphic range of 503 cm (Appendix B).

The depth datum used here refers to the top of the lake sediments and the bottom of the cinder layer. Leveling by S. Robinson in the reopened excavation in October, 1981, showed that the base of the cinder layer was about 70 cm above the lake surface at that time.

Pollen extraction was done using a modification of the acetylation, HF and chlorination process described by Hafsten (1961). Extractions were done on a volumetric basis to permit estimation of pollen concentrations, and particular care was taken to minimize losses of pollen during the decanting steps.

Pollen slides were prepared by diluting the extracted pollen sample to a known volume and then mounting one drop of the resulting mixture beneath a cover slip 22 mm square. The slide was estimated to contain the pollen from a volume of 1/80 cc of sediment. The amount of pollen on each slide was estimated by making a number of complete traverses across the cover slip until at least 200 fossil pollen grains (excluding Populus) were recorded. A sample ratio, SR, was then recorded for the sample along with the counts; the sample ratio was the width of the counted portion of the cover slip. The number of grains per cubic centimeter of sediment can be calculated by:

X (g cc-1) = y - 22 80 SR~"

where y is the number of grains counted and SR is the sample ratio.

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Notes on Variables

Pollen identifications were based primarily on a collection of reference material from local plants, supplemented by the pollen identification keys of Faegri and Iversen (1964) and Kapp (1969). A list of the variables counted is given in Appendix A. Most of the variable names are self-explanatory; specific notes are given below.

Pinus

Four species of Pinus are found in the Flagstaff area; these are P_. ponderosa (ponderosa pine), P_. flexilis (limber pine), P_. aristata (bristlecone pine), and P_. edulis (pinon pine). Two groups were established based on the modern pollen reference material. The first group included £. ponderosa and P_. flexilis, and is referred to here as "large pine"; the other group includes P_. aristata and P_. edulis, and is referred to as "small pine". No attempt was made to identify pine grains as belonging to the subgenera Haploxylon or Diploxylon, although such a procedure should be able to distinguish between P_. ponderosa (Diploxylon) and JP. flexilis (Haploxylon). Similar shapes and sizes made it impractical to separate the two pollen types within each group. However, it may be safely assumed from modern geographic distributions that most "small pines" occurring with high frequencies of "Abies-Picea" pollen are P_. aristata while those associated with warmer more xeric types are P_. edulis.

Broken pieces of both types were counted only when a pollen grain or portion thereof could be identified regardless of the amount of broken bladder material. This may have resulted in a slight underrepresentation of "large Pinus" in zones where oxidation had occurred. "Small pinus" grains were much less subject to breakage.

Abies-Picea

Abies and Picea grains were identified to genus whenever possible; otherwise they were counted as "Abies-Picea". Fragments were counted as for "Pinus". For analysis of the data the counts for Abies, Picea, and Abies- Picea should be combined.

Pseudotsuga

This genus may be underrepresented since practically all grains found were collapsed and usually badly fragmented.

Tsuga

Not significant. Those found had continuous saccate fringes.

Quercus

No attempt was made to identify individual species but at the levels of greatest abundance several species appeared to be involved. Most common species throughout depth appeared to be Q. gambellii.

Populus

This pollen type was tallied but not included in the total used for a stopping criterion during counting because it is often not well preserved (Havinga, 1970) or is strongly underrepresented in the pollen rain by comparison with its abundance in the vegetation (Lichti-Fedorovitch and

Ritchie, 1965). Populus is included in the sum of total pollen shown on the count sheets, however.

Juniperus

Juniper pollen occurred only sporadically, even where other pollen types indicated it should be abundant. Differential preservation or low resistance to the extraction process may be responsible for this apparent anomaly (see, for example, Bradfield, 1973; Potter, 1967; Hevly, 1968; Havinga, 1970).

Compositae

Compositae were separated into Artemisia and "Other Compositae". Franseria was counted separately for many samples, but this procedure was not consistent, so the counts for Franseria and "Other Compositae" should be lumped together for analysis. Low-spine and high spine Compositae (Martin, 1963) were not separated.

Cheno-Ams

The Cheno-Am category includes pollen of the Chenopodiaceae and the related genus Amaranthus (Martin, 1963).

Miscellaneous

The miscellaneous category includes all unknown pollen grains and is included in the pollen sums shown in Appendix B. The "Unknowns" category was used for non-pollen unknowns, and is excluded from the pollen sum.

Pediastrum

The various forms of Pediastrum were counted as colonies and are excluded from the pollen sum. The "Pediastrum spore" category should be ignored.

Spores

Spores were noted separately where large specimens were encountered but counting was inconsistent since some slides revealed several thousand small spores during the course of counting 200 pollen grains. Such cases were recorded only as "abundant spores"; in the counts shown in the appendix, such counts are shown as 500 spores.

References Cited

Bradfield, Maitland, 1973, Rock-cut cisterns and pollen "rain" in the vicinity of Old Oraibi, Arizona: Plateau, vol. 46, p. 68-71.

Faegri, Knut, and Iversen, Johs., 1964, Textbook of Pollen Analysis, second revised edition: New York, Hafner, 237 p.

Hafsten, U., 1961. Pleistocene development of vegetation and climate in the southern High Plains as evidenced by pollen analysis, in Wendorf, Fred, editor, Paleoecology of the Llano Estacado: Fort Burgwin Research Center Publication No. 1, Museum of New Mexico Press, p. 59-91.

Havinga, A. J., 1971, An experimental investigation into the decay of pollen and spores in various soil types, ^n Brooks, J., Grant, P. R., Muir, Marjorie, van Gijzel, P., and Shaw, G., editors, Sporopollenin: London, Academic Press, p. 446-479.

Kapp, R. 0., 1969, How to know pollen and spores: Dubuque, Iowa, W. C. Brown, 249 p.

Lichti-Fedorovitch, Sigrid, and Ritchie, J. C., 1965, Contemporary pollen spectra in central Canada. II. The forest-grassland transition in Manitoba: Pollen et Spores, v. 7, p. 63-87.

Long, Austin, and Muller, A. B., 1981. Arizona radiocarbon dates X: Radiocarbon, vol. 23, p. 191-217.

Martin, Paul S., 1963. The Last 10,000 Years, a fossil pollen record of the American Southwest: Tucson, University of Arizona Press, 87 p.

Potter, Loren, D., 1967, Differential pollen accumulation in water-tank sediments and adjacent soils: Ecology, vol. 48, p. 1041-1043.

APPENDIX A Variables counted

Variable Number Variable Name

12 3 45 67 8 9 10 11 12 131415 1617 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 4243 4445

Pinus, large Pinus , small Abies Pioea Abies/PiceaPseudotsuga Tsuga QuercusPopulus Juniperus Juglans Alnus Acer Be tulaFraxinusArtemisiaFranseriaOther Compositae Cheno-Ams SarcobatusGramineae Saxifragaceae BerberisEphedra Rosaceae Leguminosae Cruciferae Malva Plant ago Nyctaginaceae Oxybaphus Polygonaceae Polygonum RhamnusGentian Cyperaceae Miscellaneous Pediastrum boryanumPediastrum boryanum longifoliumPediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumPediastrum sporeSpores Unknowns

APPENDIX B: POLLEN COUNTS

Walker Lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

S ampIe numbe rSample depth (cm)S ample ratio

Pi nus* I a rgePinus* smallAbi es/P i ceaPseudotsugaQuerc usA rtern i s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusGramineaeSaxifragaceaeBe rbe ri sE phed raI*" i see I I aneousPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

10.57.8

259045

490

65120

1500

10001

21.5

11 .7

7824

14

1339

19520

17206402

32.5

15.6

4733349

471

7640

11138610

43.57.8

515654

15470

57163

19012800

54.53.9

3829729

670

2110

112005

1000

Total poI I en 194 286 353 284 211


S amp I e number Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus* I a rgePinus* smallAbies/PiceaP seudotsugaOuerc usA rtemis i aFranseri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGramineaeSa x i f ragaceaeBe rbe r i sEphedr atfi seellaneous

65.5 3.9

4870

76.5 7.8

.5759

87.5 3.9

4444

93.5 3.9

5438

109.53.9

6242

1004

721

2517290112

833

1482

4431

119004

20

944

745

25134

280239

815

759

2019

124

124

13

1324

8638

172

1 70216

Total poI I en 262 404 268 274 265


Sample numberS amp I e dept h (cm)5 amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largeP i nus f sma 11Abies/Pi ceaP seudo t sugaQ u e r c u sA rt emi s i aF ranse r i a-typeOther Compos i ta eCheno-Ams6 rami neae P erber i s Ephedr a V i s ceIlaneous

1110.53.9

6555505

7613

22612

12

1211.53.9

55391424

1231

1 12020034

1312.57.8

85861336

13628

2731076

1413.53.9

4444805

8219

1715

123

1514.57.8

8466144

11134

0163648

139

Total polI en 256 296 410 231 426

walker Lake, Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-tieter section below cinders

S ample numberS amp Ie depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgePinus* smallAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQuerc usArtemisiaF ranseri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSa x i f ragaceaeBe rberi sEphedraIs* i see I I aneous

1615.53.9

3833526

773U11

181227

1716.53.9

284090

139608

14192318

1817.53.9

4346605

722

14130

160726

1918.53.9

3427616

9419

273

190439

2019.53.9

4533908

961

1226291369

TotaI po11 en 210 232 232 243 260


Sample numbe rS ample dept h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

Pinus f la rgeP i nus* smaI IAbi es/P i ceaP seudot sugaQuercusA rt emi s i aF ranse r i a-typeOther Composi taeC heno-AmsS a rcobatu sGramineaeBerber i sEphedr aMi see I Ianeous

2120.53.9

486191

1466

16

2316419

2221.57.8

86108203

148608

2009624

2322.53.9

48351303

8608

171

1033

11

2423.53.9

47351209

9139

221

24237

2524.53.9

424440

118505

210

18424

Total polI en 250 366 238 265 240

Walker Lake/ Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

Sample number Sample depth (cm) S ample ratio

P i nus/ largeP i nus* smaI IAbies/Pi ceaPseudotsugaQue rcu sArtemi siaF ranse ri a-typeOt her Compos i ta eC heno-AmsSa rcobatu sG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeB e r b e r i sE phedr a^ i see I laneousPediastrum boryanum

2625.53.9

425263

12120

21112

11304150

2726.53.9

402660

1274

12

312

1200210

2827.53.9

504272

1197

18

142715051

2928.53.9

4734110

10119

09

211

2000320

3029.53.9

3122409

746

1120

116

13320

TotaI polI en 284 209 252 277 203


Sample number Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pinus* largePinus* smallAbies/PiceaPseudot suqaQ ue rcusA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSaxi fragaceaeBerber i sE phedraM i s ceIlaneousPediastrum boryanum

3130.53.9

726612

121955

1513

127

15380

3231 .53.9

3843907

7148

270

3203530

3332.53.9

3946103

129647

210

1102140

3433.53.9

3927

114137409

133

2302030

3534.53.9

661678

1287

11121

12705432

Total pollen 345 250 256 221 269


S ample number SamplP depth (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus/ I a rgePinus/ smallAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaG uercusArtemi siaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eCheno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeBe rbe ri sEphedr aN1 i see I laneousPed . bory . long i foI

3635.53.9

4127124

117238

210

1210421

3736.53.9

392964

136808

180

1300110

3837.53.9

51404

111197?

1291

1902310

3938.53.9

30264

104

790

1090

2100220

4039.57.8

5245424

1182

11282

3804320

Total poI I en 218 205 263 197 315

Walker Lake* Arizona - Pollen counts . for 5-meter section below cinders

S amp Ie numberS amp Ie depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus/> largeP i nus* smallAbi es/P i ceaP seudo t sugaQuercusA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS arcobat usGramineaeBerbe r i sEphedraMi seel Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory . longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

4140.57.8

56302

114

1321

1325

1290120000

4241.53.9

3623742

750

1 1130

230410000

4342.53.9

3692

160

620

21242

561831000

4443.53.9

499445

722

17140

762503120

4544.53.9

4332554

1123

14200

392520002

Total polI en 310 199 240 259 286


S a mpIe n umbe r Samole depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pinus* largeP i nus* sma I IAbies/PiceaPseudot suga0 ue re usA rtemisi aFranseria-tyoeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS a rcobat usGrami neaeBe rbe r i sEphedraM i see I I an eousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

4645.53.9

4629741

662

13160

285250110

4746.53.9

4933

123

603

14200

461220012

4847.57.8

4924?

128

890

1519c

550723016

4948.53.9

5534676

1053

22270

360761000

5049.57,8

3415944

5626

183

430812060

Total polI en 224 236 282 314 203


11

Sample number Sample depth (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largeP inus f sma I IAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQ ue rcu sArtemisiaF ranser i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusG ram i neaeS ax i fragaceaeBerber i sE ohedraM i see I laneousPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

5150.57.8

7046112

1799?

12220

43004653

5251 .53.9

492962

1 16138

160

25003121

5352.53.9

51421229

7208

200

39212201

5453.53.9

5620556

7828

201

27025300

5554.53.9

4122647

784

11160

3200

14000

Total ooI I en 334 214 262 238 235


12

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) S amp Ie ratio

P inus/ largePinus* smallAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaOue rcu sA rtem i s i aF ranser i a-type0 t her Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusGramineaeS ax i f ragaceaeB erber i sEphedraMiscellaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

5655.57.3

61385

169

878

16240

4403

103001

5756.53.9

41333

125

4646

140

341151000

5357.53.9

5040344

763

13122

3403

111100

5958.57.8

47387

1613767

20250

5613

190010

6059.57.8

50423

1210806

16170

732250000

Tot a I poIlen 324 206 256 328 318


13

S ample number Samp Ie dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largePinus f smallAbies/PiceaP seudot sug aQuercu sArtemisiaFranser i a-typeOther Compos i t a eCheno-AmsSarcobatu sG ram i nea eSax i f ragaceaeBerber i sEphedraMi see I Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrum

6160.53.9

31U

157

5505

112

5700

17100

6261.57.3

40105

1 56

515

17130

7113

21200

6362.57.8

4519

1297

990

21160

5100

15000

6463.53.9

30105

146

420

1552

57019000

6564.57.8

44215

249

720

1012

15402

18111

Total poI I en 206 260 303 196 273


Sample number Samp Ie dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pi nus f la rgeP i nus f smallAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaOuercu sArtemisiaFranseri a-typeOther Composi taeC heno-Am sSarcobatusG rami neaeSax i f ragaceaeBerber i sF phed raMi see I Ianeou sPediastrum boryanum

6665.53.9

5223632

621

10120

2602010

6766.53.9

52271623

8509

230

3502700

6367.53.9

5517647

733

11170

A314510

6968.53.9

4716984

385

141 72

2705521

7069.53.9

37167

104

705

1320

12501800

Total polI en 230 261 247 249 217


15

Sample number Sample depth (cm) Samp Ie ratio

Pinus/ largePinus/ smallAb ies/Pi ceaPseudot suqaQue rcu sArtemisiaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsSa rcobatu sGramineaeS ax i f ragaceaeBerber i sfphed raMiscellaneousPediastrum integrum

7170.53.9

39117

101

565

1613

14621520

7271 .53.9

582016159

584

1 1180

7902

1000

7372.53.9

461211146

774881

4100221

7473.53.9

3913754

594

12122

6111810

7574.53.9

2815842

753

16270

4831500

Total pollen 21 5 300 232 229 235


16

Sample numberS ample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus f largeP inus t sma11AbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQuercu sPopulusAcerArtemisiaF ranse ri a-1yoeOther Compos i taeCheno-AmsSarcobatusGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeEphed raRosaceaeLegumi nosaeC ruci feraeMi s ceIlaneousPediastrum boryanumSpore sUnknowns

7675.53.9

36160061600

712

11163

43390002000

7776.53.9

44180068500

7039

101

50350000100

7877.53.9

48700

1519600

761

14213

512

10000120C

7978.56.5

41141313263

1350

315255000828000002

8079.53.9

3513121325

123102

461822270

106104

290020

Total polI en 225 232 274 284 297


17

Sample numbe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus/ large P inus/ small Abies P i ceaAbies/Picea P seudot suga Quercus Populus J un iperus J ug lans A Inus A rtemi s i a F ranse ri a-tyoe Other Compos i t a e C heno-Ams Gramineae Sa x i f ragac eae .Be rbe r i s E phed ra Rosaceae Legum i nos ae C ruci ferae Malvaceae P I ant ago Spore s

8180.53.9

242086

14363220

491617133481614

17002

8281 .53.9

251564

1053

19703

372631199

106106

18025

8382.52.6

3428

14

152

105320

55111816726115510

10

8483.53.9

3630325228540

717

11272539632501

1 1

8584.56.5

261932511

12012

628

1523153

103259006

Total polI en 254 262 232 267 227


18

S amp Ie numbe rSamp Ie depth (cm)Sample ratio

Pinus* largePinus* smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQue re u sP opulu sJuniperusJ ug lan sA InusArtemi siaFranseria-typeOther Compos i ta eC heno-AmsG rami neaeSaxifraqaceaeBerber i sEphedraRosaceaeL egumi nosaeCruci feraeM a I va c eaePI an t aqoSpores

8685.55.2

26U5384U

16520

57151944892026

1102

39

8786.56.5

3907

1219

10

1 7101

869

13396

135023703

108

8887.510.4

3719

1625

10

10000

451721331337o02

2403

295

8938.511.7

251

16153101

26300

9324

24378070016

319

9089.515.6

461

21173804

21402

875

1233

1691

121001

500

Total DO I I en 262 283 267 273 322


19

Sample numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)Sample ratio

Pi nus/ I a rgeP i nus/ smaI IAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot s ugaTsugaQue rcusPopulu sJ un i pe ru sJ ug lansA r t e m i s i aFranseria-typeOther Compos i ta eCheno-Am sG rami neaeSax i fr agaceaeB erber i sEphedraPosac eaeLegumi nosaeC rue i f e raeP I antagoSpores

9190.55.2

239

111324202

2720

663

11313331

114

130

23

9291.56.5

3512101 121201

1 980

7127

2511035190

18

9392.57.8

25361016301

2150

844

12276213

14951

12

9493.57.8

4048

1222400

2671

713

1227691395

132

1 1

9594.57.8

3209

1120010

2311

7338

374020

1 12

251

12

Total poI I en 262 244 258 285 264


20

Sample numberS ample dept h (cm)Sample ratio

P inus t largePi nus/ s ma I IAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudot sug aTsugaQuer cusPopulusJ un i pe rusA rtemi si aF ranse ria-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS arcobat usGrami neaeSax i fragaceaeBerber i sFphedraRosaceaeLegumi nosaeCruc i feraeMalvaceaeP I ant agoSpores

9695.55.2

29589

17115

302

565

112728110

147010

32

9796.56.5

392

109

1920

17197

405

1422

14210

17131 100

56

9897.55.2

4806

101600

21117

3212162844220

109

2000

22

9998.55.2

290

10112100288

614

1317

19133

194

1701

16

10099.56.5

434

10112100699

497

13242721256

2200

42

Total poI I en 240 254 253 242 253


21

Sample numbe r Sample dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largeP inus f s ma 11AbiesPi ceaAbies/Pi ceaP seudotsuqaQuercusPopulusJuniperusBetulaArtemisiaFranseria-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobatusG rami neaeSa xi f ragaceaeBerber i sE ph ed r aRosaceaeLegumi no s aeCruciferaeMalvaceaePlant a goSpores

1011C0.5

5.2

358

U1630

13

1551

657

U31

213

30U

68

1010

25

102101 .5

5.2

567

U1024

01

1631

343

2021

31 1

30386

3201

24

103102.5

11.7

422

201131

020

101

388

1620

416

C0 '

18

1415

000

104103.5

5.2

453

111930

05

1740

54101217

214

00029

12006

105104.5

5.2

505

149

2311

2040

51121526

115

12073

2700

18

Total poll en 292 282 259 266 287


22

S amp Ie numbe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus/ largeP i nus/ smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot suga0 ue rcu sPopuIu sJ un iperusBetu laArtemisiaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeS ax i f raqaceaeBerber i sEphedraRosace aeL egum i nosaeC ru c i f eraeSpor es

106105.5

9.1

428U112522

2520

501116250630184

1821

107106.5

5.2

54487

1540

4641

6616

152

151118

101418

108107.5

6.5

488

101828

10

7251

3946

371

1700003

1017

109108.5

3.9

37177

111800

2031

7046

351

2210271

1232

1 10109.5

6.5

38195

111632

2250

8011

271

16300273

30

Total pollen 273 283 303 275 262


23

S amp Ie numberSamp Ie depth (cm)Sample ratio

Pi nus* I a rgeP i nus* sma11Abi esP i ceaAbies/Pi ceaPseudot sugaQuercusPopulusJ uni pe rusBetulaArtemisiaF rans er i a-type0t her Compos i taeC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeS ax i f ragaceaeB erber i sEphedr aRosaceaeLegumi nosaeC ruci fe raeSpores

1111 10.5

5.2

4013109

1911

3740

8805

2110000116

19

112111.5

6.5

39767

1321

2051

584

1122

116

10095

2137

113112.5

5.2

224846

1000

2240

8726

210

11111218

56

114113.5

3.9

2743181331

10

1890

996

1333

116212324

20

115114.5

5.2

255357

1210

2500

676

1 52208210216

17

Total poI I en 257 249 257 342 258


24

Samel e numbe rS ample depth (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P inus* largePi nus f smallAbi esP i ceaAbies/PiceaQuercu sPopu lusJ un i pe r usJ ug lansA I nus9etul aA rtem i s i aF rans er i a-typeOt her Compos i t aeC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeB erber i sEohedr aRosaceaeL egumi nosaeC ruc i feraeM a I va c eaePI ant agoSpores

1161 15.5

3.9

3139129

210

202020

948

17182

2921043000

15

1171 16.5

3.9

20351010203

144000

7018

172

3424224810

12

118117.5

3.9

30318

1220

11453C0

8969

200

1401026300

69

1191 18.5

3.9

203088

161

235200

668

1317.

11520041

1001

39

120119.5

5.2

252575

121

219101

5959

170

10121

121

2600

54

Total po I I en 314 271 274 251 250

Walker Lake/ Arizona - p ollen counts for 5-meter section below cinaers

25

Sample numbe rSample depth (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P i nus , largeP i nus f s-na I IAbiesP i ceaAb i e s/P i c eaP seudot supaQuer cusPopu I usJ un i oe rusJ ugI a n sA I nusPetuI aF r ax i nusA rt em i s i aFranseria-t ypeOther Compos i t aeC h eno-Am sSarcobatusGramineaeSaxifragac eaeBerber i sE phed raRosace aeL egum i no sa eCruciferaePI ant agoNyctaginaceaefxybaphusSpores

1211 20.5

3.9

374613112403

1693041

*238

360

24311817001

32

12?121 .5

5.2

3339106

1601

2421000

7025

1 50

190002230104

123122.5

5.2

475738

1 109

23511C0

709

18190

14201

1309000

47

1241 23.5

3.9

302376

1304

1550000

76182425

110

102074100

45

125124.5

2.6

3015131124

11960010

704

101908127233000

16

Total oolI en 342 251 320 272 240


26

S ample numbe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

Pinus* l.argeP i nus* smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudotsugaQ ue rcu sPopu I usJ un iperusBet ulaArtemi siaFranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGramineaeSax i f ragaceaeEphedr aRosaceaeLegumi nosaeCruci feraeSpores

Tot a I poI len

126125.5

3.9

416

17173403

1191

8645

260

1712241

19

127126.5

3.9

441717183501640

861 12222

11822243

69

128127.5

3.9

318

14304421830

701623200

2821355

34

129128.5

2.6

371226204601330

8113

250

1431011

500

130129.5

3.9

488

16324801840

6533

262710020

500

287 315 3U 278 274


S amp Ie numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

Pi nus* I a rgeP i nus* smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot s uga0 ue rc usPopulusJ uni pe ru sJ uglan sBetulaA rtemi s i aFranseria-t ypeOther Compos i taeCheno-AmsS ar cobatusG rami neaeS ax i f r agaceaeBerber i sE phed raRosaceaeLegumi nosaeCruci feraeSpores

1311 30.5

2.6

4814161177

12

21211

546

1015

1170022038

132131.5

2.6

5625101 12102

10010

355

13270

2721212

1212

133132.5

5.2

483113142704

13704

474

10180

25412028

25

1341 33.5

3.9

602811162707

16501

6847

201

27101224

42

135134.5

5.2

45237

2532

14Q000

659

15180

20702014

39

Total po I I en 254 863 282 308 287


28

S ample numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgeP i nus* sma I IAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot s ugaQ uerc usPopulusJ un i pe ru sJuglan sA InusBetulaA rt emi s i aF ranse ria-typeOther Compos i t a eCheno-AmsG ram i n eaeS ax i f ragaceaeFohedraRosac eaeL egumi no saeC r u c i f e r.a ePlant agoOxybaphu s .PolyqonaceaeSpores

1361 35.5

5.2

461813344704

270102

7726

171220111000

500

137136.5

5.2

5814121 72902

123000

7736

161200020000

500

138137.5

6.5

50327

1118

11

253020

733

12132252125110

43

139138.5

2.6

45229

172602

100000

7736

122833057003

10

140139.5

3.9

40226

2733

1093001

6079

132430314000

13

Total polI en 31 1 263 290 278 266


29

S amp Ie number Sample depth (cm) 5'amp I e ratio

Pi nus* largeP i nu s* smallAbiesP i cea£ b i es/Pi c eaPseudot s uga0 ue re u sPopulu sJ uni pe ru sJ ugI an sPetu laArtemisiaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eCheno-AmsSarcobatusGramineaeSaxifragaceaeBerbe r i sE phed raRosaceaeLegumi nosaeCruciferaePI ant agoPolygonaceaeSpores

1411 40.5

2.6

3213112435003401

5705

120

3700023102

11

14?141.5

3.9

35229

192322

12216

5748

1 70

34'3

0002303

30

143142.5

3.9

2927P

1119C0

19010

5069

102

4210014810

31

1441 43.5

5.2

25198

14?200

17400

671

22180

1911127310

68

145144.5

3.9

3913152237

10

13503

9627

250

5120235510

88

Total po I len 242 272 248 252 347


30

S ample numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)Sample ratio

Pi nus* largeP i nus/ smaI IAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQue re usP opulu sJ un i perusJ ugIansBetulaA rtemi s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i taeC h eno-Am sS a rcobatusG r am i n eaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sE phedraRosace aeL egum i nos aeCruciferaeMalvaceaePI ant a goPo lygonaceaeSoore s

1A61 45.5

3.9

28166

2P34

10

16031

8049

180

313110181208

147146.5

3.9

3199

1928009400

864

1020

142212143110

26

148147.5

5.2

36178

152302

19424

808

122G0

3950152

12001

500

149148.5

3.9

27251 1172820

21134

647

12280

72111157000

500

150149.5

6.5

3428141832226023

3335

200

49000112102

500

Total polI en 289 287 315 338 258


31

Sample numberSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

Pinus* largeP i nus* sma I IAbi esP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaG ue rcu sPopu lusJuniperusJ ug lansBetulaA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS a rcoba t usG r ami neaeSaxi f ragaceaeBe rbe r i sRosaceaeLegum i nos a eC rue i feraeMa I va c eaePI ant a goPolygonaceaeMi seel IaneousSporesPediastrum (undiff.)

1511 50.5

5.2

1512132639461605

5178

132

721004620021

5003

1521 51 .5

5.2

181318213906S803

5359

300

42312740110

500

153152.5

7.8

25169

2534

. 145713

7758

140

57402130120

534

1541 53.5

5.2

3299

22310

128902

533

10180

105500330110

481

155154.5

3.9

28115

1722373110

48. 5

7110

48101541230

293

Tot a I poI I en 305 292 304 336 234


Sample numberS ample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P inus* la rgeP i nus f smallAbiesP i ceaAbi es/Pi ceaP seudotsugaQuercusPopulusJ uni pe rusJ ugl an sBetul aA rtemi s i aF ranser i a-tyoeOther Composi t aeC heno-AmsG rami neaeSaxi fragaceaeB erber i sE ohedraRosaceaeLegumi nosaeC rue i f eraeMalvaceaePI ant agoOx ybaphusPolygonac eaeSporesPediastrum (undiff.)

1561 55.5

5.2

18115

1318

111

1313

417

1311772002450014

322

1571 56.5

3.9

26215

1419013605

4049

1775

1041270001

5001

158157.5

3.9

323637

10015601

464

10,119020121

101200

5911

1591 58.5

3.9

3833128

20054602

465

192155

12051

100200

5001

160159.5

2.6

181977

14252300

40595

1363102120300

125

Total polI en 252 261 281 295 284


33

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus* la rgeP i nus* smaI IAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaT sugaGuercu sPopu lusJ un i per usJ uqlansBetulaA r temi s i aF r ans e r i a-t ype0t her Compos i taeC heno-AmsGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeEphedraRosaceaeL egum i nosa eC rue i f er aePI ant agoPoIygonac eaeC ype raceaeMiscellaneousSporesPeciiastrum (undiff.)

1611 60.5

3.9

162437

100101213

2737

11124

402340100

273

162161 .5

1 .3

18283470010002

34576

11702212010030

163162.5

3.9

242546

101017304

429

16186601123000C

252

164163.5

6.5

342298

172014306

4548

24520I2083000

240

165164.5

3.9

40352

1315

1054006

618

1120735013

100022

5000

Total poI I en 254 240 243 254 317


34

S ample numberS ample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus/ la rgePi nus/ sma 11AbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaQuercusPopuI usJ uni per usBetulaA rtemi si aF ranse r i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsGramineaeSax i f ragaceaeBerber i sF phedr aRosaceaeL egumi nosaeC rue i feraeP lantagoPolygonac eaeC ypera ceaeMi see I IaneousSporesPediastrum (undiff.)

166165.5

3.9

38268

13216010

413

101582

1105051012

181

167166.5

3.9

31223

13160415

336

105

78100319100490

168167.5

5.2

50302

1012

1632

3824

16792201120001

231

169168.5

2.6

4335

11819

11022

426

1512

1121013270101

244

170169.5

3.9

4939

117184831

3035

1686

1002110101

263

Total poI I en 280 246 264 334 287

walker Lake/ Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

35

S amp Ie number Samp Ie dept h (cm) S ample ratio

Pi nus/ I a rgeP i nus* smalIAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudotsugaQuercusPopulu sJ uni pe ru sAcerBetu laA rt emi s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Composi taeCheno-AmsG rami neaeBerber i sL egum i nosa eC ruc i f eraePlantagoVi see I Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPediastrum sculptatumSporesPediastrum (undiff.)

1711 70.5

3.9

572811152603

10006

3826

15580172200

232

172171.5

2.6

3426

59

14004002

2125

1 1812060000

150

173172.5

4.6

598009320110

3406

12110

000017100

174173.5

7.8

84400

27100000

5509

2094000032000

175174.5

3.9

67200

27110000

46059

65000004000

Total poI I en 287 222 246 297 223

Walker Lake/ Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-"neter section below cinders

36

S amp Ie nuitbe rS ample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nusx I argpPinusx smallAbies/PiceaPseudo t sugaGuerc usJ uni pe ru sAcerF rax i nu sArtemisiaOther Co mpos i t aeC heno-AmsG rami neaeE phedraMi seel IaneousPediastrum boryanum

176175.5

9.1

1474

1600120

91252762010

177176.5

9.1

4826929330

82181649012

178177.5

9.1

9716130

12601

81131931010

179178.5

7.8

826120

10341

93142640

122

1SO179.5

3.9

531090

14090

71172017022

Total poI I en 376 266 290 294 222


37

S ample numberSample depth (cm)S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largeP i nus f smallAb i e s/P i ce aP seudot sugaQ ue rcu sJ un iperusA InusAcerBetulaF ra xi nusArt emi siaOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsG ra mi neaeEphedr aR hamnu s^ i s eel IaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum sculptatumSpores

1311 80.5

9.1

1221

202802700

119182654203120

1321 81 .5

3.2

12918130

2120012

9314211 1

100101

183182.5

3.9

10713250300000

6811241200220C

184133.5

9.1

1231716

1901001

112236447212201

185184.5

6.5

9118160

1510000

84223532011000

Total polI en 384 336 265 419 316

Walker lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

38

Samp Ie numberSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgeP i nus* sma I IA bi es/Pi ceaP seudotsugaG u e r c u sJ uni pe rusA I nusAcerArtemisiaOt her Compos i t a eC heno-AmsGrami neaeSaxi fragaceaeEohedraPi seellaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

1861 85.5

6.5

126131508110

93183319

1000000

187186.5

3.9

741 51 10

15011

506

1077000

14001

188187.5

3.9

5711100

27020

5699

800054100

189188.5

7.8

1022

1 130005

280

13602

128013

190189.5

2.5

50231 52

17010

59121 1810003000

Total oolI en 328 260 266 211 271

Walker Lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section oelow cinders

39


P i nu s * largeP i nus f smallAbies/PiceaPseudotsugaG ue rcu sPopuIu sJuniperusA In usBetulaFraxinusArtemi siaOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusGramineaeSaxifragaceaeEphed raPhamnu sPi seellaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastruoi inteqrumPediastrum sculptatum

1911 90.5

6.5

861821

130

02100

6<?

2019

048

0200300

1921 91 .5

19.5

788

1615

360000

27010

730021

1509

193192.5

3.9

156

1013

50C312

1343

00

9111C2

3195

194193.5

15.6

41136000000

7100

132080

1011

32

195194.5

7.8

620

299000003

5305

1040

1207734

Total polI en 317 248 206 236 235


40


P i nus* largeP i nus* sma I IA bi es/P i ceaPseudo ts ugaGuercusA rt em i s i aOther Compos i taeSar cobatusG ramineaeSax i fr aq aceaeB erber i sF D h e d r aM i s c e I I a n e o u sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

196195.5

7.8

010

1565

411

9431

2290304

197196.5

7.8

201

324

12S10

10810

2477028

193197.5

7.8

1234

1098

340

10630

21121602

14

199198.5

7.8

511

161120810

1343083

28463

200199.5

7.8

500

241428360

1342318

10003

Total po I len 198 242 222 283 255


41

S amp Ie numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)S amp le ratio

P i nus * largePi nus/ smallAbies/Pi ceaP seudo t sugaQuercusJ un i pe r usA I nusAcerF rax i nu SA rtem i s i aF r anse r i a-1 ypeOther Composi taeC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxi fragaceaeEphedr aCruci feraePo lygonumR hamnusMi seel Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumSnores

201200.514.3

646

190

226101

11006

200

27500018

12001

202201.5

9.1

463

12022010

9808

130

130022003004

203202.5

9.1

780

13671210

850

1528C

30100 o009002

204203.515.6

2007020000

1001902

344

100008

331140

205204.515.6

1323070000

493

1100

29500007

1818

10

Total pollen 296 202 267 197 129


42


P i nus/ la rgeP i nus/ smaI IAbi es/Pi ceaPseudot sugaQue re usA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Co.nDositaeC heno-AmsSarcobatusGrami neaeSaxi fragaceaeBerber i sFohedraV i see I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. I ong i fol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

206205.522.0

40016

620

1600

2640

1245053

207207.5

3.9

102112

1701

1611

1 5507

108130

208208.5

7.8

144304

1271920

17301

116062

209209.511.7

196219

1404

1210

2553529252

210210.5

7.8

81132205

1393

1951

17421

152000

Total pollen 135 242 196 234 327


43


P i nus* largeP i nus f smallAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQue rcu sArt emi siaF ranse r i a-typeOther Co mpos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeEphedr a* i s ceIlan ecusPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum inteqrumPediastrum sculptatum

211211 .5

3.9

451210

10

1162710

220125001

212212.5

3.9

541217

31

1274800

142200111

213213.5

3.9

881128

12

2041

1402

162004000

214215.5

3.9

771734

31

1440

1504

221303010

215216.5

3.9

921114

34

1210

1711

429

1131000

Tot al poI I en 219 244 369 321 311


44

S ample numberS ample deot h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largeP i nus* sma 11Abies/PiceaP seudotsugaQuercu sArtemisiaOt her Compos i t aeC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami nea eSaxi fragaceaeB erber i sEphedraM i s ceIlaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUn knowns

216217.5

3.9

376740

131412910401031

21 7218.5

7.8

466

1260

109502

1 500303110

218219.5

3.9

449401

1631400

111153

10421

219220.5

3.9

102404821

1021862810012100

220221.5

3.9

31101032

122100052037

12230

Tot a I poI I en 206 204 256 331 205


45

S amp Ie numberS amp Ie dect h (cm)Samp Ie ratio

Pi nus/ I a rgeP i nus/ smallAbies/Pi ceaP seudot sugaQuercusJ un i pe rusft ce rA rt em i s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Composi taeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeBerbe r i sEphedr aMi s ce I I aneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

221 222222.5 223.5 3.9 7.8

5625222100

1240

1512

123001

1001

9042142000

683

1964

205142921

223224.5

3.9

5431160000

504

1070

17000n800

224225.5

4.6

2331

120

1654

4606

100

130000100

225226.5

7.8

11655343200

410990

243002500

Total polI en 264 280 189 346 298


46


P i nus* largeP inus * sma11A b i es/Pi ceaPseudot s ugaQ ue rcusA rtemi s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusGrami neaeSaxi fragaceaeBerber i sE phedratfiscel laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

226227.5

3.9

69261303

471770

220031

170010

227228.5

7.8

94241350

653

1 11 5

1180061

1 50100

228229.5

3.9

452620

13

581992

20611060001

229230.5

2.0

85391525

341

1 1134

191040

1 71001

230231.5

3.9

50411205

5022

141

11503060001

Total pollen 199 256 202 283 196


47

Sample numberS ample depth (cm)S amp I e ratio

P i nus/ la rgeP i nus/ smallAbies/PiceaP seudotsug aQuercusJ un iperusA InusAcerPetulaA rtern i s i aFranser i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusG ram i neaeSaxi fragaceaeR erber i sE phedraPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumUnknowns

231232.5

3.9

513415030000

782

1290

18300

1411

232233.5

3.9

6033

5210000

68158 ,0

13012

2020

233234.5

4.6

9614C32162

970

14220

150C0000

234235.5

3.9

592214

180000

644

12114

18122

1220

235236.5

3.9

493515

110000

560581

20102301

Total poI I en 225 1 99 263 222 194


Sample numbe rSample dept h (cm)Samp le ratio

Pinus/ largePinus* smallP i ceaAbi es/Pi ceaP seudot sugaQue rcu sJ un iperusA InusAcerA rtem i s i aF ranse H a-typeOther Compos i ta eC heno-AmsS ar cobatusGrami nea eSa x i f ragaceaeBerberi sEphedraGentianf' i s ce I laneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumUnknowns

236237.5

3.9

58460

1303000

430431

2310500

1400

237238.5

3.9

65580

2033000

353990

1641400911

238239.5

3.9

60380

2501000

491512

2310301

1100

239240.5

4.6

14011312140

290770

1500000301

240241.5

4.6

11510

1621101

440

1120

2100010

1010

Total polI en 200 230 210 21 1 216


49

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) S ample ratio

P i nus* largePinus f smaI IAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaCue rcusPopulusJ un iperusAcerArtemisiaOther Composi taeC heno-Am sG rami neaeEphedr aPediastrum boryanumPediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumSpores

241242.5

7.2

1041226012

41119

19070000

242243.5

5.9

119460

12021

379

121 9000002

243?44.5

8.4

73688

22030

325

1359070006

244245.5

7.2

525441511

58112940070101

245246.511.0

51161002021

77131653

1194040

Total po I len 198 221 229 211 242


50

Sample numberS ample fleot h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P i nus, largeP i nus* sma L IAbiesPi ceaAbies/PiceaPseudo tsugaG uer c usPooulusJ uni pe rusA I nusAcerPetulaA rt emi s i aOther Co mpos i t a eC heno-AmsG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sCyper a ceaePi see IlaneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

2462^7.5

4.6

6640074131290

77131856000090030

247243.5

5.9

«020n

121

1 5321

100

631 122570010

1 11000

243249.5

5.9

761CC

1?c973032

33172443000070104

249250.5

3.8

9060

10148000000

971331411200010000

250251.522.0

6624

123267100000

131224462710500003

Total po I I en 261 230 236 322


51

Sample number Samp Ie dept h (cm) Sample ratio

Pinus* largePi nus* sma11Abi esP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudotsugaQuercusArtemisiaFranse r i a-t ypeOther Compos i ta eCheno-AmsS arcobat usGramineaeSaxi f ragaceaeB e r b e r i sEphedraMi see I laneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum araneosumUnknowns

251252.522.0

6214

11218

12

1030

?032

1816007001

252253.511.7

1089

221 14145

2210

21430

112720

10003

253254.5

7.8

55403340

886

19260

58611

1825' 2

1

254255.511 .0

7611

16

1110

1200

20290

80404

18103

255257.5

8.8

93526

1310

1440

10260

33150154 o0

Total polI en 360 616 292 381 354

walker Lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

52

Sample n uTibe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgePinus* s^allAbiesP i ceaA b i es/Pi ceaPseudot s ugaArtemisiaFranseri a-t yoeOther Compos i t aeC h eno-Am sS arcobat usGramineaeSa x i f ragac eaePe rbe ri sEphed raMI seel I an eousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastruti inteqrumPediastrum sculptatumPedi as t rum soor eUnknowns

256258.511.6

71300

100

1140u1 70

313116

12000001

257259.510.5

7912280

1407

15360

3720023000000

253260.522.0

59111

142

149?

13202

319008

722

11131C

259261 .515.6

42004

140

1 532

15280

2910000

69781200

260262.519.5

4320250

14004

240

410000

23420000

Total pollen 271 331 312 297 261


53

Sample number Samp Ie dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

P i nus* largePi nus* smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudotsugaGuer cusArtemi siaFranse ri a-typeOther Compos i ta eC heno-AmsS arcobat usG rami nea eSa x i f ragaceaeBe rbe r i sWi seel Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum sculptatumUnknow ns

261263.522.0

33205

1400

12824

233

40051

185100

262264.511.7

111326

1930

1341

14263

34490

101001

263265.514.3

91111

1710

1086

17230

24617

237300

264266.5

9.1

66225

2011

8436

220

22110582100

265267.5

7.8

61245

2220

1174

1027

137500

1121010

Total oollen 260 369 304 250 297


54


Pi nus f largeP i nus f sma I IAbiesPi ceaAbies/PiceaPseudotsuqaQuercusA rtemis i aF ranse ri a-typeOther CompositaeC heno-AmsSarcobatu sGramineaeSax i f rag aceaeP* i s ce I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumUnknowns

266268.5

7.8

117323

3140

1215

1135

339

60

1411

000

267269.5

7.8

72203

1 101

10129

292

394082221

268270.5

7.8

159475

3460

1714

2623

254

7357000

269271.5

7.8

130266

3230

122112326

02822

734000

270272.5

3.9

64613

2250

8139

120

22202

1 1020

Iota I po I len 380 275 505 418 230


55

S ample numberS ample dept h (cm)Sample ratio

Pi nus r la rgePi nus* sma 11AbiesPi ceaAbi es/Pi ceaPs eudot sugaQuer cusA rtemi s i aFranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsS arcobatusGramineaeSa x i f ragaceaeEohedraMi seel IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumUnknowns

271273.5

7.8

83337

2655

8508

230

32216

1036

30

272274.5

7.8

119311

1344

1128

1820

117

1076

1100

273275.515.6

55001104

995

1534

127

1021710

274276.5

7.8

129203

1355

1177

1122

225

2004801

275277.511.7

97223

1440

102101511

033

1145100

Total polI en 289 329 245 343 299


56

Samp I e numbe r Samp.I e depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus* IargeP i nus* smaI IAbiesP i ceaAb i es/Pi c eaPseudot sugaQue rcusA rtem is i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Co mpos i taeC heno-AmsSarcoba tu s6 ramineaeSax i fragaceaeI* i s ce I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. lonqifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

276278.5

7.8

98200620

8126

111

152222000

277279.5

7.8

160214

1420

9038

120

110710000

278280.5

5.2

158326

3027

72132911

025

1200000

279281 .5

3.9

86034

2129

578

1311

114

3101000

280282.5

11.7

90247

3750

8144

120

1942

514614

96

Total poI len 228 314 361 233 271


57

Sample number Sample deoth (c m) Samp Ie ratio

P inus f largePinus* smallAbiesPi ceaAbies/Pi ceaP seudotsuqaGuer cu sA rt em i s iaF ranse r i a-type0 ther Compos i t aeCheno-Am sGramineaeS ax i f r agaceaeEphedr aMi see IlaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

281283.511.7

87511

2533

9138

1615

100

5827121590

232284.515.6

80554

4308

1103

1 51318230

30764

1011

283285.513.0

35147

4217

790

117

21?02

5341101830

284286.511.7

4901

10385

16606

16168502

5366224126

1

285287.511.7

57028

528

124838

1 120

112

17231124420

Total polI en 259 309 219 232 233


58

Samp Ie numbe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgeP i nu s* sma I IAbi esPi ceaAb i es/Pi c eaPseudot sugaQue rcu sArtemisiaF ranser i a-typeOt her Co mpos i t aeC heno-AmsGramineaeSa xi f ragaceaeEphedraMi s eel IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

236288.515.6

712A3

28A

16A33788811

2417299

287289.515.6

4112A

5A15

926

101517A0000000

288290.511.7

5103A

330

109A27

1A16202A0200

289291 .520.8

52121

5203

323

11162531223025

290292.519.5

109016

6603

5218

15213200101

Total poI I en 307 252 238 25A 269

walker lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

59

Sample nurr»be rSample dept h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P i nus f largeP i nus t sma I IAbiesP i ceaAbies/Pi ceaP seudot sug aQuercu sArtemisiaFranseria-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-Am sS arcobatusG rami neaeS ax i f r agaceaeEohedraMi see I IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

Total pollen

291293.5

6.5

1272D1

3603

1822804C1100000

205

292294.5

7.3

247205

3320

152420300510

o00

320

293295.5

15.6

2173C4

1202

210221100210000

267

294296.5

19.5

139412

1 105

5304907500

1218

16

12

240

295297.520.3

. 15161392

1214

024

032003604

20

209


60


Pinus/ largeP inus/ smallAbi esP i ceaAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQue rcusArtemisiaF ranser i a-t ypeOther Co mpos i t a eC heno-AmsSar cobat usGrami neaeS ax i f ragaceaeBerher i sEphedraMi s ceIlaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

296293.516.9

91201

110

127436

100

11130004

26154

13

297299.518.3

125302

141

10100

71229

1149003

10503

16

298300.511 .7

88303

140

155710121C0

12900040202

299301 .511.7

85304

5508

2578

120

10601210000

300302.511.7

167124

6009

3017519710320000

Total poI I en 234 330 233 226 307


61

S amp Ie number Sample dept h (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus* largePinus* smallAbiesF i ceaAbies/Pi ceaPs eudot suqa0 ue rc usA r t e»ni s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC h eno-AmsG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeEerberi sM i s eel Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

Total po I I en

3013C3.519.5

176312

642

1048293

10101200000

332

302304.513.0

115035

7523

6429

195312500000

308

303305.514.3

80311

5802

66128

102

. 0010000

13

234

304306.511 .7

88223

5803

9125

108206

1582530

285

3053C7.520.8

74525

431

1366

12

1 17232222320

237

walker Lake* Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

62

Sample numbe r Sample dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

P i nus * largeP i nus * smallAbiesPi ceaAbies/PiceaP seudo t sugaQ ue r CD sA rtemi s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsSarcobatu sGramineaeSaxifragaceaeBarber i sMi see I Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

306308.515.6

72130

3519

3859

13071A

1370A03

307309.515.6

79226

332

10A33980

292A

1 111020

308310.511.7

7810

13A9

13

62A

10210

12355AA011

309311.511.7

88128

3715

6526

1A0

2310110000

310312.511.7

179027

3713

272661

1220000000

Total polI en 21 1 243 267 25A 285


63


P i nus/ largePinus/ smallAbiesP i ceaAbies/PiceaPseudotsuqaQue rcu sA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobat usGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sEphedraMi s ce I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. Iong i fol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

311313.5

7.8

155114

192

1018

?471

14100200000

312314.5

7.8

199214

3905

155

12308110

1000000

313315.5

11 .7

143262

2727

2038209000

1300C00

314316.5

15.6

12011055

1549

41311

010

141020130

315317.511.7

4016

20422

804

1224

023

2106

166204

Total poI I en 241 305 244 240 218


64

S amp Ie numberS ample dept h (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* largePi nus* smallAbiesP i ceaAbi es/Pi ceaPseudotsuaaQuerc usArt em i siaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsG rami neaeSax i f ragaceaeBerbe r i sE phedra.M i seel IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum inteqrumPediastrum sculptatum

316318.5

11.7

8111021

11«8

4122813

2101

31537

11

317319.5

11.7

7890133

159610192313

3312

428439

318320.511.7

52620509

936

101433

1300

4323

01730

319321.511.7

5830081

1079

824

922

70

110

502724

614

320322.5

7.8

5820

1118

60

804

139

203070

8038

012

9

Total poIlen 246 279 234 240 231

Walker Lake, Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

65

Sample number Sample depth (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pinus, largeP inus f sma I IAbies /Pi ceaP seudot sugaG ue rcu sA rt em i s i aF ran ser i a-t ypeOt her Compos i t aeC heno-AmsSa rcobatu sG ram i neaeS ax i f rag aceaeEphedr aPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

3?1323.5

7.8

7072

103

792790

1233

3420

045

322324.5

7.8

838144

671440

274

1 15933

0181 1

323325.5

7.8

753386

445

1860

244

134814

C19

4

324326.5

6.5

13539

131072

611

45

2612

844010

325327.5

3.9

91115

4938

4560

289620100

Total po I I en 207 213 209 243


66

Sample numberS amp Ie dept h (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus f largePi nus* sma I IAbi e s/P i ceaP seudot sugaQuercusArtemisiaFranseria-t ypeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsS ar cobatusGramineaeS ax i f ragaceaeEphedraPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. Iong i fol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

326328.5

3.9

961649

633430

133200000

327329.5

7.8

1335

1 199

736364

294410100

328330.5

7.8

1210054

441330

191221001

329331.5

7.8

1443

1316

937

5740

134300000

330332.5

7.8

1051210

91326

31 7

13

1717

102010

Total pollen 207 301 203 258 234


67

S amp Ie number Sample deot h (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus* I a rgePi nus* smaI IAbi es/Pi ceaP seudotsugaOuercusArtemisiaFranse ri a-t ypeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSa x i f ragaceaeBerber i sEphedraPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum araneosumPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

331333.5

3.9

8635

221

271922

34150491206

332334.5

7.8

933

10277

294932

5292372052 '

333335.5

3.9

9143

213

204933

4760410217

334336.5

3.9

6924

299

204841

4761611167

335337.5

3.9

9535

2740314771

8412

182102

11

Total polI en 21 1 253 218 210 325


68


P i nu s/ IargeP i nus/ smallAbies/Pi ceaPseudot sugaQ uerc usA rtemi s i aF ranse ria-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSaxi f r aqaceaeBerber i sEphedraPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. Iong i fol.Pediastrum sculptatum

336338.5

3.9

107091314183541

28103001

337340.5

7.8

15893

1010310061

27513210

338341 .5

7.8

101227

146

1 70172

13104104

339342.5

7.8

85851 1243

2014328013002

340343.5

7.8

96128

42525373633

13302102

Total polI en 206 264 195 250 348


69


P i nus/ la rgePinus/ smallA hi es/P i c eaPseudot sugaQue rcusArtemi siaF ranse r i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobat usGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeB erber i sE phedraMi see I laneousPediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

341344.5

3.9

60749

163

192230

22014000

342345.5

3.9

6864

1257

1834309020315

343346.5

7.8

589224

133235504402010

344347.5

7.8

3765

11

25475710

121235001

345348.5

7.8

256103

3047

13619813000

Total polI en 220 207 224 221 198


70

Sample numbe r Samole depth (cm) Samel e ratio

P i nus/ largeP i nus t smallPseudot sugaQ uerc usArtemi siaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC h eno-AmsS arcobat usGramineaeSa xi f ragac eaeBe rber i sEphedraPediastrum boryanumPed. bory.PediastrumPedi as t rumUnk nowns

long i foI. i nte grum sculotatum

Total pollen

346349.5

7.8

3157

32144

6662

1410

2533151

207

347350.5

7.8

2996

42748

58

103

1012

56360

100

263

348351 .5

3.9

1454

42341

1272

3010

3504130

196

349352.5

3.9

1134

4150

251313

5081231080

293

350353.5

3.9

847

57137

2461

2260413040

213


71

Sample numbe r Sample deoth (cm) Sample ratio

Pinus/ largePinus/ smallA bi es/Pi ceaP seudot s ugaQue re usA rt em i s i aF ranse ri a-typeOther CompositaeC heno-AmsSa rcobat usG ram i neaeSaxi fragaceaeB erber i sE phedr aM i see IlaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculotatum

351354.5

7.8

8527

76530444

1720

1339

380

30

352355.5

7.8

1422123

3052

1433

375193

4908

28

353356.5

7.8

91180

49353622

5380

250

3804

39

354357.5

3.9

413

101

181614911

10920

1303736

355358.5

3.9

102891

5434

11540

21140

1900202

Total po I len 198 199 211 436 210


72

Sample number Sample dept h (cm) Samp I e ratio

Pinus* largePi nus* sma I IAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQue r cu sArtemisiaFranseria-typeOt her Compos i taeC heno-AmsS arcobatusG rami neaeSax i f ragaceaeBerber i sEphedraMi seel IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

356359.5

7.8

3991

63360

1403

35100

1842105

357360.5

7.8

346933

10282750

1218

1510001

358361.5

7.8

131931

41450

1431

55130

354431

13

359362.5

3.9

211793

1835

13720

1219

124

11003

360363.5

7.8

263354

24334

4140

20230

2002002

Total pollen 205 193 247 200 237


73

S amp Ie numbe r Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus/ largePi nus/ sma 11A bi es/Pi ceaPseudotsugaQue re usJ uni pe rusArtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS arcobat usG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeFphedraMi seel I aneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

361364.5

7.8

1510

64

600

383

5711

235

2502603

362365.5

7.8

384012

536

047

134

31

198

2000306

363366.522.0

22945

240

353

6940

155

131191

15

364367.5

22.0

104045021

2300

101501022

365368.5

1.9

2730

26161

12004001000000

Total pollen 248 264 209 65 324


74

Sample numbe r Sample dept h (cm) S ample ratio

Pi nus* IargeP inus f sma 11Abies/PiceaP seudot sugaQue rcusA r t e m i s i aF rans er i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSar cobatusGrami neaeSax i fragaceaeBerber i sEphedraMi seel laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

366369.511.7

64160

34

1017

19625

151900000

367370.522.0

407202

1238

113419

200

2700000

368371 .522.0

2113047

1900

300

1490

1301000

369372.522.0

2273

138

250

6300

24130

1400002

370373.522.0

920

11417410

7810

32150

2921126

Total poI I en 306 244 130 246 259


75

Sample number Samole depth (cm) S amoIe ratio

Pinus, largeFinus* smallAoies/PiceaPseudo t suga0 ue rcu sArtemisiaFranseria-typeOther Comoos i t a eC heno-AmsS 3 rcob atu sGramineaeSaxi fragaceaeBerber isE ohed raMiscellaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

Total polI en

371374.5

22.0

461

112511

151

10

2211

010

01

170

1$0

154

372375.5

15.6

5919

07

1624

056

10

4430

219

1570

220

278

373376.5

22.0

482069

170

2100

2612

0U13

10080

146

374377.5

15.6

1226

16

2331

723

70

2540

015

15

1 51

1521

217

375378.5

3.9

2730

4101048

81614

21 528

013

72707

38

23


76

Sample n umbe r Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus* largePinus* smallAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQuerc usA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-tyoeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGrami neaeSax i f ragaceaeEohedr aMi seel laneousPediastrum boryanumRed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

376379.5

7.8

161480

16616

1562

181320132

184

2028

377380.511 .7

1 51823

21829

3152

3510341 A3

2179

41

378381 .5

7.8

131565

22523

5160

303

2150

1038

12

379382. 522.0

0012

261 70

16400

363830

222

1712

380383.5

7.8

235230

16514

3470

161418116

22478

Tot al poI len 208 284 232 260 249

Walker Lake* Ari2ona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

77

Sample number Sample dept h (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pinus* largePinus/ smallAbies/PiceaP seudotsugaQuercu sArtemisiaF r anser i a-typeOther Compos i ta eCheno-AmsSa rcobatu sG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeEphedraMi see I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUn knowns

381384.5

11.7

0000

6122

292

10

292

1010

121

108

382385.5

3.9

1480000

171

8010

414

20015021

383386.5

7.8

515

20

5327

134

52

294

2025965

57

384387.5

11 .7

418

01

4382

130

10

120

2931

30101724

385388.5

7.8

2027

50

2874

018

71

141

1071

285

231

Total pollen 220 312 199 22A 212


78

S ample numberS amp Ie depth (cm)Sample ratio

P i nus* largeP i nus* smallAbies/PiceaP seudo tsug aQuerc usJ uni perusA rt em i s i aF ranse r i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGr ami n ea eSa x i f ragaceaeEohedraMi see I IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

386 337389.5 390.511.7 7.8

28 111

388 389 390391.5 392.5 393.5

7.8 11.7 3.9

25 16 96720

130

652

120230992

245

160

4232

104

760

1 1200

1800000000

5482

370

613

2014091

15000001

8500

300

792

2213

1160

16301024

2802

640

357

2150

250

13120012

Total poI I en 212 279 249 283 210


79

Samp Ie numbe r Sample depth (cm) S ample ratio

P i nus* largePi nus » sma 11Abies/Pi c eaP seudot suqa0 ue rcu sArtemi siaF r anser ia-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxifragaceaePohedr aMi see I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

391394.5

7.8

204704

108516

4412

1390

1621404

392395.5

7.8

143923

72363

34130

210

1681212

393396.5

3.9

1040

13

12227

52570

420

1020001

394397.5

3.9

226304

31465

1080

182

1540120

395398.5

3.9

256101

1846102616

171

1060011

Total poI I en 350 261 294 223 228


80

Sample numberS ample depth (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P i nus f la r gePinus* smallAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQuercu sAr tem i s i aF ranser i a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsSa rcobatu sGramineaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sFphedraMi see I IaneousPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum sculptatum

396399.5

3.9

366802

10455

12516213

1010

397400.5

7.8

557900

16622710530

1 11003

398401 .5

3.9

42122

017

5924501008400

39940?. 5

3.9

676732

105747512002000

400403.5

3.9

527902

10627

21811006300

Total poI len 206 251 255 227 252


81

Sample numbe rS ample dept h (cm)Samp le ratio

P i nus f largePi nus* sma I IAbi e s/P i c eaP seudot sugaQuercusArtemisiaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsSarcobatusGramineaeSaxifragaceaeEohedr a^ i see I laneous

4014 04. 5

3.9

7595

226

617

29614010

402405.5

3.9

7174

412

741

5110

12021

403406.5

3.9

751 10

005

899

56601001

404407.5

3.9

56121

005

570

48710040

405408.5

3.9

61107

01

1762

427

526131

Total polI en 289 294 352 299 297


S amp I e numbe r Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus* largePinus* smallAb i es/Pi ceaPseudot sugaQue re usArtemi si aF rans e ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSar cobat usGrami nea eSaxifragaceaeEohedr aMi s ceI I aneous

Total po11 en

4064C9.5

3.9

707400

16691223812252

407410.5

3.9

67119

001

423

1 1502024

40341 1 .5

3.9

91112

03

143326404121

409412.5

3.9

115132

14

152623203011

410413.5

3.9

110114

136

512420

10111

254 256 273 305 306


83

Sample numberS ampl e dept h (cm)S amp S amp I e ratio

P i nus / largePinus/- sma11Abi es/Pi ceaP seudot sugaQ ue rcu sA rtemi s i aF rans er i a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeB erber i sE phedr aMiscellaneous

411414.5

3.9

1.38117

01

17731016960060

412415.5

3.9

93113

046

335

1 1412110

413416.5

3.9

10475028

3223251000

414417.5

3.9

1088221

113245220041

415418.5

3.9

7469019

242

13350040

Total po11 en 393 274 234 254 204

Walker Lake, Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

84

S amp Ie numbe r Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus, la rgeP i nus, smaI IAbies/PiceaPseudotsugaQue re usA rtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGramineaeSaxi f ragaceaeEph edraP* i see I I an eous

416419.5

3.9

111109

04

26526

10503010

417420.5

3.9

929501

22504

1 1703111

418421 .5

3.9

198185

05

21558

1232

12020

419422.5

3.9

889700

21448

15603030

420423.5

3.9

152138

10

3438

18215000

Total poI len 327 288 503 285 380


85

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) Samp le ratio

P i nus/ largePi nus f sma 11Abies/PiceaP seudotsugaQuercu sArtemisiaF ranse r i a-tyoeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsGrami neaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sEphedraP i s ceIlaneousPed. bory. longifolPediastrum integrum

421424. 5

3.9

93109

014

366870000000

422425.5

3.9

8384

119

283621001100

423426.5

3.9

12272078

4215363C2100

424427.5

3.9

108115

019

653612104221

425428.5

3.9

1009603

17487

1533113201

Total polI en 264 220 272 317 299


86

S ample numbe r Sample depth (cm) Samp Ie ratio

P i nus f largePinus* smallAbies/PiceaPseudot suqaQ ue rcu sA rtem i s i aF ranser i a-typeOther Compos i ta eC heno~AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeEphedr aPi s ceIlaneousPediastrum sculptatum

426429.5

3.9

8760

12

16472

152053310

427430.5

3.9

1196701

13894

104201131

428431 .5

3.9

968001

29101

26

17240330

429432.5

3.9

646621

25677

112032020

430433.5

3.9

807900

3393687000310

Total polI en 244 314 344 25? 310

walker Lake, Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

87

S amp Ie numbe rSample depth (err)Sample ratio

P i nus, largeP i nus, smaI IAbies/PiceaPseudot sugaQue rc usArt emi siaFranseria-tyoeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatusG rami neaeSaxifragaceaeBe rber i sF phed r aI* i s ce I I an eousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

431434.5

3.9

834004

10112

529506112300000

43?435.5

3.9

7055019

728

31805213000001

433436.5

7.8

411801

281 09

032404412i10010

434437.5

3.9

681902

21915

14317018220100

435438.5

3.9

6339

15

32107

8331 1

13103121170

Tot a I poI ten 301 265 245 242 308


88

Sample numbe rS ample dept h (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P inus f largeP inus f sma11Abies/PiceaP seudot sugaQ ue rcu sArtemisiaF ranse r i a-typeOther Compos i taeCheno-AmsS a rcobatu sG rami neaeS ax i f r ag a ceaeB er ber i sEohedr a^ i see IlaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUn knowns

436 437439.5 440.5

3.9 3.9

6343

12

41130

9231402112001000

534000

2568101713

15000000213

438441 .5

7.8

976407

301 1010191408120103011

439442.5

3.9

534506

257512221302000211201

440443.5

3.9

404108

166813341106011500100

Total pollen 332 232 363 255


89

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) S amp Ie ratio

Pi nus/ I a rgePinus/ smallAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQ ue rc usA rtemi s i aFranseri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGramineaeSa x i f ragaceaeBe rbe r i sEphed raI* i seel I an eou sPediastru-n boryanumPediastrum integrumUnknowns

441444.5

3.9

744929

15508

259161C02032

442445.5

3.9

81663

1421571 3357120034601

443446.5

3.9

1026424

1971135840

230C31001

444447.5

3.9

12666

168

414

187161000000

445448.5

3.9

119664

1310723

105040100000

Total pollen 251 307 364 285 307


90

S amp le n umber Sample depth (cm) Sample ratio

Pi nus/ I a rgePinus/ smallAbies/PiceaP seudotsugaGuerc usArtemi si aF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsS ar cobat usGramineaeSa x i f ragaceaeBe rber i sFohedr aWi see I IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnk nowns

446449.5

3.9

1044901

137069R

21112300000

447450.5

3.9

7343

14

49738

26707123600004

448451 .5

3.9

6859

12

3249

1171304021210040

449452.5

3.9

7759

15

36453

2111

110

107590000

450453.5

3.9

6842

170

600

135290050105150

Total poI I en 267 303 251 282 212


91

S a mpI e numbe r Sample depth (c T) Samole ratio

P i nus/ largeP i nus/ sma11Abies/PiceaP seudot suga0 ue rcu sArtemisiaFranseria-typeOther Compos i ta eC heno-AmsGrami neaeS ax i f raqac eaeBerber i sEohedr aVi s ceIlaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. Iong i fol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

451454.5

3.9

70?4

1132840

116

192232

104150

452455.5

3.9

753533

1 7380

?566006185062

453456.5

3.9

803526

1344

133102119730011

454457.5

3.9

906625

1153

12867002200000

455458.5

7.8

222130

06

14733

331 114034521001

Tot a I po I len 222 220 244 273 518


92

S ample number Sample depth (cm) S ample ratio

Pinus/ largePi nus/ sma11Abies/PiceaP seudotsuqaQuercusA rtemi s i aFranse r i a-t ypeOther Compos i t aeCheno-AmsGramineaeSaxifragaceaeBerber i sEphedraMi see I I aneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum integrumPediastrum sculptatum

456459.5

3.9

1138934

13543

224712411001

457460.5

3.9

864621

1243

1123402052005

453461 .5

3.9

1308602

25512

245

2503113133

459462.5

3.9

13886

19

14334

186

1000203002

460463.5

3.9

9860

17

1221

1134301111000

Total pollen 320 217 355 321 223


93

S ample numbe r Sample depth (cm) Samp Ie ratio

Pinus/ largeP i nus/ sma11P seudot sugaQuer cusArtemisiaF ranse ri a-1 ypeOther Compos i t aeC heno-Am sSarcobatusGramineaeBerbe r i sEphedr aMi see I Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPediastrum sculptatum

461 462464.5 465.5

3.9 3.9

11551

9455

463466.5

3.9

9662

464 465467.5 468.5

3.9 3.9

11894

11369

922313

2310

11623132

133

261

2430300000

142

21C

1020201n00

77

281650322100

116

5128

100700000

Total poI len 287 222 210 274 277


94

S amp Ie number Sample depth (cm) S amp Ie ratio

P i nus/ I a rgeP i nus/ smallAbi es/Pi c eaP seudotsuqaOuerc usArtemisiaF ranse ri a-typeOther Compos i taeCheno-Am sSarcobatusGramineaeBerbe r i sEphedraMi see I IaneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol

466469.5

3.9

13853299

47055030201 .0

467470.5

3.9

10934356

494

1 970711001

468471 .5

3.9

95532

146

380

1350813110

469472.5

3.9

99582

1914433

1281521610

470473.5

3.9

1073112111 3510

1040640

1501

Tot a I po I len 273 245 239 273 264


95

S amp Ie number Samp Ie dept h (cm) Sample ratio

P i nus/ la rgeP i nus* sma I IAbies/PiceaP seudot sugaQuercusA. rtemi siaF ranse ri a-1 ypeOther Compos i t aeC heno-Am sS arcobatusGramineaeSax i f ragaceaeBe rbe ri sE phedraf i seel Ianeou sPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum sculptatum

47174.57.8

119285

221642053090213124

472475.5

3.9

109?5

149

30074020112000

473476.5

3.9

15726813

6235

10040513000

474477.5

3.9

12534627

4428

130

110564100

475478.5

3.9

10241556

36049171233300

Total Pol I en 255 205 283 267 225


96

Sample nuiibe rSample depth (cm)Sample ratio

Pinus* largePinus* smallAbies/Pi ceaP seudotsugaQuerc usArtemisiaF ranse ri a-1ypeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsGramineaeSa x i f ragaceaeBe rbe ri sEphedraMi see I laneousPediastrum boryanumPed. bory. longifol.Pediastrum sculptatumUnknowns

476479.5

3.9

11036

096

40064803211000

477480.5

3.9

12627

528

37174303010000

478481 .5

3.9

12120

336

71075414C40100

479432.5

7.8

14032

13

1066

12112

721240011

4804P3.5

3.9

1342914

47

41047111330000

Total polI en 225 224 249 302 249


97

Sample numbe rSample depth (cm)S ample ratio

Pinus* largeP inus f s ma I IAbiesAbies/PiceaPseudotsuqaQue rcu sArtemi siaF ranser i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsSarcobatu sG rami neaeS ax i f r agaceaeB erber i sEphedraKi s ceI laneousPediastrum boryanumPediastrum integrumUnknowns

481484.5

3.9

11371

014

32

42055041114000

482485.5

3.9

13788

110

63

412

144051153101

483486.5

3.9

8938

0631

5014611C210010

484487.5

3.9

9454

0945

45056030120000

485488.5

3.9

11461

0742

28020120202000

Total polI en 271 321 203 228 225


98

Sample numbe r Sample dept h (cm) S amole ratio

P i nus/ I argeP inus/ sma I IAbies/Pi ceaPseudot sugaQue rcu sArtemisiaF rans er i a-typeOther Compos i t aeC heno-AmsGrami neaePe rbe r i sEphedraMi s ceI laneous

486489.5

3.9

14856477

522441115

487490.5

3.9

1 1466575

531194113

488491 .5

3.9

775710115

460750012

489492.5

3.9

1 14891164

530788052

490493.5

3.9

9559445

410633121

Total pollen 292 270 221 307 224

Walker Lake., Arizona - Pollen counts for 5-meter section below cinders

99

S amp Ie numberS ample depth (cm)S amp Ie ratio

P i nus/ la rgeP i nus/ sma 11Abies/PiceaP seudo t suqaQ u e r c u sArtemisiaFranseri a-t yoeOther Compos i ta eCheno-AmsS arcobatusG rami n eaeBerber i sEohedraMi see I I aneous

491494.5

3.9

1128111

16

6717

1116162

492495.5

3.9

905712

35

541

10307022

493496.5

3.9

824311

32

48165C2031

494497.5

3.9

934814

54

4014201032

495493. 5

3.9

946620

13

4702402110

Total pollen 313 246 207 21 7 241


100

Sample numbe r Sample depth (cm) S ample ratio

P i nus/ largeP i nus/ sma 11Abies/PiceaP seudot suqaP ue rcu sA rtemis i *F r anser i a-typeOther Compos i t a eC heno-AmsGrami neaeBe rber i sEphedr aPi see IlaneousUnknowns

496499.5

?.9

75731743

3807810100

497500.5

3.9

84631424

310

22331210

498501 .5

3.9

102701337

901

12530111

499502.5

3.9

1 1275?8

13

5107750000

500503.5

3.9

72592627

444

16942300

Total pollen 227 230 308 289 248

Pollen data from a 5-meter Upper Pleistocene Lacustrine ... · Faegri, Knut, and Iversen, Johs.,...

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Transcript of Pollen data from a 5-meter Upper Pleistocene Lacustrine ... · Faegri, Knut, and Iversen, Johs.,...