Politics Presentation

8/8/2019 Politics Presentation

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is the use of legislated powers byis the use of legislated powers by

government officials for illegitimate privategovernment officials for illegitimate privategain.gain.

Misuse of government power for otherMisuse of government power for other

purposes, such as repression of politicalpurposes, such as repression of political

opponents and general police brutality, isopponents and general police brutality, isnot considered political corruption.not considered political corruption.


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Corruption poses a serious development

challenge. In the political realm, it undermines

democracy and good governance by flouting or

even subverting formal processes.

. Corruption in elections and in legislative bodies

reduces accountability and distortsrepresentation in policymaking; corruption in the

judiciary compromises the rule of law.


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Corruption undermines economicdevelopment by generating considerabledistortions and inefficiency.

In the private sector, corruption increasesthe cost of business through the price ofillicit payments themselves, the

management cost of negotiating withofficials, and the risk of breachedagreements or detection.


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Corruption facilitates environmental

destruction. Corrupt countries may

formally have legislation to protect the

environment, it cannot be enforced if

officials can easily be bribed.

The same applies to social rights workerprotection, unionization prevention, and

child labor.


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The scale of humanitarian aid to theory and

unstable regions of the world grows, but it is

highly vulnerable to corruption, with food aid,construction and other highly valued assistance

as the most at risk.

Food aid can be directly and physically diverted

from its intended destination, or indirectlythrough the manipulation of assessments,

targeting, registration and distributions to favor

certain groups or individuals.


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A bribe is a payment given personally

to a government official in exchangeof his use of official powers.

Bribery requires two participants: one to

give the bribe, and one to take it.


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Includes governmental spending on the

courts, which is completely financiallycontrolled by the executive in many

transitional and developing countries.

This undermines the principle of checks

and balances and creates a critical

financial dependence on the judiciary.


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refers to the situation where a person is

selling his/her influence over the decision

process involving a third party (person or

institution).

The difference with bribery is that this is a

tri-lateral relation. From a legal point of

view, the role of the third party (who is thetarget of the influence) does not really

matter although he/she can be an

accessory in some instances.


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Refers to favoring supporters, for examplewith government employment. This maybe legitimate, as when a newly elected

government changes the top officials inthe administration in order to effectivelyimplement its policy. It can be seen ascorruption if this means that incompetentpersons, as a payment for supporting theregime, are selected before more ableones.


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is a coalition among seemingly

antagonistic groups, especially if one is

religious, for ad hoc or hidden gain. Like

patronage, unholy alliances are not

necessarily illegal, but unlike patronage,

by its deceptive nature and often great

financial resources, an unholy alliance canbe much more dangerous to the public

interest.


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is outright theft of entrusted funds. It is a

misappropriation of property. Anothercommon type of embezzlement is that of

entrusted government resources; for

example, when a director of a public

enterprise employs company workers to

build or renovate his own house.


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Is an official's share of

misappropriated funds allocatedfrom his or her organization to an

organization involved in corrupt

bidding.


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Politics Presentation

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