Lichhavis

• Lichhavi Dynasty ruled Nepal from 300 to 600 A.D. This period is the first documented period in the history of Nepal.

• They are the second rulers of Nepal.• After lost political fortune in India the come in the

Nepal. • They attacked and defeated the last Kirati king,

Gasti.• They were the Rajputs, from Bihar and Uttar

Pradesh of today’s India.

• The first Lichchhavi king of historical importance was Manadeva I.

• Mandev was known for the his development work.

• Anshuverma was another important Lichchhavi monarch who opened trade routes to Tibet.

• Bhirikuti, daughter of Anshuverma, was married to Tibetan ruler Tsrong-tsong-Gompo.

• Bhrikuti sprayed Buddhism all over Tibet.• Narendradeva, son of Udayadeva, initiated

friendly relations with China

• His successors laid the foundations of friendship with India by entering into matrimonial alliances with the Indian royal families.

• The last ruler was Jayakamadeva. • About 630 years Lichchhivi ruled over in Nepal. • On the whole these Lichchhavis kings seem to

have been successful in maintaining a stable and prosperous state .

• This period also known as golden period of Nepalese art.

Malla Dynasty

• Malla Dynasty (1200 - 1769 AD) came to the valley until 1200 AD.

• Malla Period is a golden era in the history of Nepal.• Mallas greatly developed trade and commerce,

industry, religion and culture. • The early Malla monarchs held absolute power they

were assumed to be incarnations of Lord Vishnu.• The Mallas were Hindu and followed strict Brahmin

rituals.• But they were tolerant of Buddhism.

Architecture in Kathmandu Valley during Malla Dynasty

Temple of Nyatapol (Bhaktapur).

Basantapur Palace complex (Kantipur).

Bhaktapur Durbar Square.

Bhaktapur Taumadhi square.

Royal Palace and Hindu temples in Patan (Lalitpur).

Old Royal Palace in Kathmandu (Kantipur).

Kasthamandap complex (Kantipur).

Near the palace of the Malla dyansty rulers in Lalitpur with pillar and statue of king Yoga Narendra Malla (Lalitpur).

Jayasthiti Malla (1354-1395)

• developed arts and literature, built temples and introduced the system of houses.

• Measuring land and Jayasthiti Malla was one of the most famous of all the Malla Kings.

• He was a great reformer. He categorized Nepalese society in a strictly orthodox Hindu frame.

Pratap Malla• Pratap Malla was the King of Kantipur (present Katmandu). He

was an specialist in religion, music, and the art of war.• He was a secular. He also reconstructed the Buddhist temple of

Swayambunath.• He constructed Krishna Mandir, the temple of Taleju, Rani

Pokhari, and Guheswari temple

Jaya Prakash Malla• Jaya Prakash was the last King of Kantipur. He was brave and

confident but unlucky. He tried to save the Valley from a Gorham attack. He tried to unite the three states around Katmandu.

• But he could not succeed. Even his request for help from the East India Company was denied. Fighting within his family was to blame for his loss.

Ranjit Malla• Ranjit Malla was the last King of Bhaktapur.

He was a lover of rare and precious things.• He Imported silver exporting it as coins to

improve economic conditions in his Kingdom.