POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...

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POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka and murdered there. She, together with her mother and sister-in-law, was transferred to the camp in Majdanek in Lublin, where her mother died. Then, Halina Birenbaum was taken to Auschwitz- -Birkenau, subsequently to Ravensbrück and Neustadt-Glewe, were she was liberated. After the war, she emigrated to Israel. She is a writer and a poet. She is the author of the following books: Hope is the Last to Die, Return to the fore- fathers’ land, Each regained day, Call for remem- brance, Remote and close echoes – meeting the youth and a collection of poems. Halina Biren- baum meets the youth in Israel, Poland, Germany, Italy, as well as in other countries. The evil of Auschwitz, unconscious and unexplored that smoulders undisturbed, returns in increasing terrorism, anti-Semitism and racism that evolve into scenes of public, unpunished decapitation of humans in the eyes of the entire world, only because these people are different. I am terrified when I look at the surrounding world. I say to myself that if Auschwitz could have thrived legally and unpunished for so many years, then everything, even the worst thing, is possible. You cannot be astonished but you must recognise in time, counteract and prevent further tragedies, anarchy and crime. Halina Birenbaum Auschwitz Survivor Born in 1925 in Łódź as Izabella Rubinstein. She fled from her hometown with her parents and siblings to Radom when Germans entered Łódź. She got involved in a secret youth organisation Hashomer Hacair whilst at the ghetto in Radom. Part of her responsibility there was to travel to the Warsaw ghetto from where she smuggled the “Pod Prąd” magazine to Radom. In 1942, she es- caped from Radom ghetto and used false docu- ments to travel to Germany. After several months, she was arrested and sent to Auschwitz, where she stayed until the beginning of 1945, when to- gether with other female prisoners she was evac- uated to Ravensbrück and to Malchow. On 2 May, 1945, she was freed by the British Army. After lib- eration, she moved to Palestine, where together with her husband Paul she changed her name to Dagan. She is the author of publications for chil- dren and youth used in teaching about the Holo- caust: What happened during the Holocaust: Rhymed tale for children who want to know, Czika, the Dog in the Ghetto, If stars could talk. A collec- tion of poems Imagination: Blessed Be, Cursed be: Reminiscences from There. Life is a one-time gift! Sorrows come uninvited, but you can create joys by yourself and try anew every day. In the era in which we live, interpersonal communication has weakened due to inventions of new media. Just remember! Smartphones cannot replace friendship and love between people! Enjoy what can be enjoyed, and do not give in to bad thoughts. The sun comes out after each thunderstorm. Batszewa Dagan Auschwitz Survivor HALINA BIRENBAUM BATSZEWA DAGAN

Transcript of POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...

Page 1: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsawghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka andmurdered there. She, together with her motherand sister-in-law, was transferred to the camp in Majdanek in Lublin, where her mother died.Then, Halina Birenbaum was taken to Auschwitz--Birkenau, subsequently to Ravensbrück andNeustadt-Glewe, were she was liberated. After

the war, she emigrated to Israel. She is a writerand a poet. She is the author of the followingbooks: Hope is the Last to Die, Return to the fore-fathers’ land, Each regained day, Call for remem-brance, Remote and close echoes – meeting theyouth and a collection of poems. Halina Biren-baum meets the youth in Israel, Poland, Germany,Italy, as well as in other countries.

The evil of Auschwitz, unconscious and unexplored that smoulders undisturbed, returns in increasing terrorism, anti-Semitism and racism that evolve into scenes of public,

unpunished decapitation of humans in the eyes of the entire world, only because these people are different. I am terrified when I look at the surrounding world.

I say to myself that if Auschwitz could have thrived legally and unpunished for so many years, then everything, even the worst thing, is possible.

You cannot be astonished but you must recognise in time, counteract and prevent further tragedies, anarchy and crime.

Halina Birenbaum Auschwitz Survivor

Born in 1925 in Łódź as Izabella Rubinstein. Shefled from her hometown with her parents and siblings to Radom when Germans entered Łódź. She got involved in a secret youth organisationHashomer Hacair whilst at the ghetto in Radom.Part of her responsibility there was to travel to theWarsaw ghetto from where she smuggled the“Pod Prąd” magazine to Radom. In 1942, she es-caped from Radom ghetto and used false docu-ments to travel to Germany. After several months,she was arrested and sent to Auschwitz, whereshe stayed until the beginning of 1945, when to-

gether with other female prisoners she was evac-uated to Ravensbrück and to Malchow. On 2 May,1945, she was freed by the British Army. After lib-eration, she moved to Palestine, where togetherwith her husband Paul she changed her name toDagan. She is the author of publications for chil-dren and youth used in teaching about the Holo-caust: What happened during the Holocaust:Rhymed tale for children who want to know, Czika,the Dog in the Ghetto, If stars could talk. A collec-tion of poems Imagination: Blessed Be, Cursed be:Reminiscences from There.

Life is a one-time gift! Sorrows come uninvited, but you can create joys by yourself and try anew every day. In the era in which we live, interpersonal communication

has weakened due to inventions of new media. Just remember! Smartphones cannot replace friendship and love between people!

Enjoy what can be enjoyed, and do not give in to bad thoughts. The sun comes out after each thunderstorm.

Batszewa Dagan Auschwitz Survivor

HALINA BIRENBAUM BATSZEWA DAGAN

Page 2: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

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Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

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The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

Page 3: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

Was born in 1901. As a scout he participated inthe defence of Vilnius. He was also a volunteer in the Polish-Bolshevik war. At the outbreak of the Second World War, he fought for his Home-land. He was the co-organiser of the Secret PolishArmy which later became a part of ZWZ/AK. Inthe summer of 1940, he took a voluntary deci-sion to penetrate Auschwitz in order to establisha conspiracy network there, collect credible dataon SS crimes, and then prepare the camp forfighting when an appropriate moment arrives.The Military Organisation Union (ZOW), estab-lished upon his initiative, entered into collabo-ration with the camp resistance movement. Bymeans of this organisation, reports were sent tothe Headquarters of the Union of Armed Struggle(ZWZ) in Warsaw, and were passed on to Londonso that the world stayed informed about crimes

committed by the Nazists in Auschwitz. After escaping from the camp (at night 26/27 April,1943), he took part in the Warsaw Uprising, beingsubsequently detained in POW camps. After thewar, he served in the Second Corps of GeneralWładysław Anders. In the last months of 1945, theRittmeister created an informative network in a non-sovereign country governed by commu-nists and sent the collected data to Italy. While ful-filling his tasks, in spring 1947, he was arrested inWarsaw and one year later, after a long-term in-vestigation and trial, he was sentenced to death.The death penalty was carried out on 25 May,1948 despite his family’s petition for amnesty.Years later, on 1 October 1990, Witold Pilecki wasposthumously acquitted and Stalin’s sentencewas cancelled.

What I have written so far on these dozens of pages is not important, especially for thosewho will read them as sensational information. I would like to write using such huge letters,

which unfortunately do not exist in typewriters, so that all these heads bearing mush under a beautiful hair partition, that can only thank their mothers that this mush does not

leak from their heads as they have well sealed skulls – let them think a bit deeper about their own lives, let them look at people around them and start a fight from

themselves, with their falsehood, hypocrisy, interest cunningly underlying ideas, truth and even a great cause.

Rittmeister Witold PileckiAuschwitz Prisoner

Was born on 14 October, 1913 in Kiev. In 1926, he became a student of the Corps of Cadets inRawicz. He passed his “Matura” exam in 1934 inKalisz and went to law school at the University ofWarsaw. He participated in the defense of Polandin September 1939. After coming back to Warsawfrom German captivity, he joined the conspiracy.He dealt with prison intelligence, i.e. contactswith people detained by Gestapo. He was ar-rested on 20 April, 1943, imprisoned in Pawiak,and then transferred to Auschwitz. Subsequently,he was imprisoned in Neuengamme and its sub-sidiaries, where finally on 4 May, 1945, in the sub-camp Ludwigslust, he was liberated. After thewar he decided not to go back to his country oc-cupied then by the Soviets. Together with his wifehe lived in London where he was a history writer.

He was awarded a PhD at London School of Eco-nomics and Political Science. He published nearlytwenty books. The most popular ones include:Fighting Auschwitz: The Resistance Movement in theConcentration Camp, Hitler's Last Weapons: The Un-derground War Against the V1 and V2, The EnigmaWar: The Inside Story of the German Enigma Codesand How the Allies Broke Them. He was invited tolecture in the USA, Canada, Great Britain, Switzer-land and Scandinavia. In Poland, he could sharehis knowledge only after 1989. He protected thegood reputation of Poland on every possible oc-casion and everywhere he went; he corrected distorted information, popularised truth and ac-complishments. He died in London on 25 Novem-ber, 2005.

We must never forget what happened in Auschwitz. However, if we are not ready to forgive, then hatred will forever dwell in our hearts and in the hearts of those

whom we hate. And this will never end. Hatred is a negative and destructive feeling, and if we fail to overcome it, then our reality will end with yet another insanity.

Józef Garliński Auschwitz Prisoner

WITOLD PILECKIJÓZEF GARLIŃSKI

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Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

Page 5: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

Was born in 1923 in Warsaw. As a member of theJewish Combat Organisation (ŻOB), on 19 April,1943, when the uprising broke out in the Warsawghetto, he joined the fighting. He was a prisonerin German concentration camps in Majdanek, inAuschwitz-Birkenau and in Mauthausen-Gusen.After the war, he emigrated to Israel where he wasa witness in the trial of Adolf Eichmann. He was

a popular Jewish historian cooperating with theHebrew University in Jerusalem and with YadVashem – the World Holocaust RemembranceCentre. Israel Gutman is an author of numerouspublications concerning Jewish history and exter-mination. In the years 2000–2012, he was a vice-president of the International Auschwitz Council.He died on 1 October, 2013 in Jerusalem.

Our mission is not only to provide a warning, but to teach people that a cordial attitude towards another person, the understanding of a person suffering and helping him,

as well as striving for unity and peace, is our ultimate goal.

Israel Gutman Auschwitz Survivor

Was born on 12 June, 1930 in Warsaw. She spenther childhood in Wola where she started her edu-cation. Her father was arrested during the SecondWorld War. On 1 August, 1944, when The WarsawUprising broke out, she was at home alone. For thefirst eight days of the fighting, she coped on herown, with the help of older tenants in the build-ing where her entire family lived before the war.

Together with others, Janina was led to the tran-sit camp in Pruszków and then transferred toAuschwitz. She survived the death march andwas liberated in Ravensbrück camp. After the war,she graduated from University and was awarded a PhD in Pharmacy. Currently, she lives in Warsaw,she meets the youth whom she talks to about herwar experiences.

I will not say much because I do not know how to speak gracefully. I think that youth must remember our history, what was bad in it and the reason why it happened.

Youth must understand that the future belongs to them and now it will betheir turn to write history. Will they be remembered as those we recall negatively?

Will they do something positive what will be remembered well by future generations?

Dr Janina IwańskaAuschwitz Prisoner

JANINA IWAŃSKAISRAEL GUTMAN

Page 6: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

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Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

Page 7: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

Was born in 1926 in Druskininkai (presently inLithuania). He lived in Łódź. In April 1940, he andhis family were sent to the Łódź ghetto; later, inAugust 1944, he was sent to Auschwitz-Birkenaucamp. He worked in one of Auschwitz sub-campsin Czechowice. In January 1945, after the “deathmarch”, he reached Buchenwald and then There-sienstadt. After many weeks of convalescence, hecame back to his country. He lived and studied in Wałbrzych and Wrocław, and then in Warsaw.

Marian Turski is a historian and journalist, author,co-author and editor of a few books. Since 1958he has been involved with “Polityka” weekly. Heis also the vice-president of the Jewish Historical Institute Association in Poland, a member of theInternational Auschwitz Council and the presidentof the Council of the Museum of the History ofPolish Jews. In 1997 he was awarded a Comman-der’s Cross with Star – Order of Polonia Restituta.

The worst was HUMILIATION! You were not treated as a human being – especially when youwere a Jew and just because you were a Jew – you were not treated even as an animal

but like an insect, louse, nit, cockroach, bedbug. And what do you do with a nit or a cockroach? You must crush it, smother and destroy it. 

Therefore, when today people, especially young ones, ask me: What do you remember from those experiences? What could you say to contemporary people? From all

the words and sciences, if I could use one word, I would say EMPATHY!

If the statement: NO MORE AUSCHWITZ is not to be a cliché, a triviality, we must learn to understand another person: DIFFERENT THAN ME, DIFFERENT THAN US!

We must try to understand his way of thinking, his motives for action and point of view. If we want to live in a world with less hatred, we must try

to demonstrate compassion, understanding and empathy.

Marian Turski Auschwitz Survivor

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

Was born in 1925 in Ostrów Mazowiecka. As a 16-years-old boy he was arrested together withhis father, Józef and elder brother, Zygmunt forbelonging to a secret organisation. After beinginterrogated in Pawiak prison in Warsaw, he wassent to Auschwitz, and then after two years inthe camp he was sent to Ravensbrück and Sach-

senhausen, where he was liberated. After thewar he became a medical doctor, he conductedresearch on the war pathology of children andminor prisoners of Nazi concentration camps. Heis the author of the memoirs Survive a day andThe continuation of Nuremberg cases.

It is not easy to constantly bring back history from the past and cast it on a rebuilt worldwhere young generations now live. All that needs to have been said, has been told:

crimes, exterminations, individual and collective murders. All that remains are the last wills of those who died and the obligation to remember them,

their pain, their courage, and their fight. A remembrance which is hope for future generations that what happened on this soil will never repeat itself.

Czesław KempistyAuschwitz Prisoner

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

MARIAN TURSKICZESŁAW KEMPISTY

Page 8: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

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Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

Page 9: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

Born in Łódź in 1925. His father was the owner ofa textile factory. He had two elder sisters and oneyounger brother. In 1940, his whole family wentto the Łódź ghetto, and later in 1944 they weretransferred to Auschwitz. During the selection atthe camp, Roman Kent was separated from hisfamily. One brother, Leon stayed with him andwent through other camps: Gross-Rosen, Flossen-bürg and Dachau. Roman’s father died in the Łódźghetto and his mother was murdered in Ausch-witz. Fortunately, with his brother they managedto find their sisters in Sweden, but one of them

died during her convalescence period. In 1964, together with Leon, he was accepted as part of socalled “children’s quota” to the USA, where theyboth lived in difficult conditions. It was difficult toexplain who they were and where they camefrom. Roman Kent took up economic studies andgot married. He has two children and lives in NewYork. He described his war experiences in memo-rials and a book My dog Lala. He is a member ofthe International Auschwitz Council and an ac-tivist for education about the Holocaust.

What is Auschwitz today? Auschwitz is no longer just a word. It is an expression of evil. The worst evil that humanity could experience then, and I hope that it will never

happen again. I dread that Auschwitz in the near future may become only a minor footnote in history. And that would be a tragedy for humanity –

if we forgot about Auschwitz.

Roman KentAuschwitz Survivor

Is a Polish Roma. He was born in 1929. He livedwith his parents and a large family in a wanderinggroup. In September 1942, together with friendsand his brother, he was arrested for conspiracyand detained in a prison in Radom, and thentransported to Auschwitz. He was registered as a political prisoner. In 1944 he was transferred

to Buchenwald and then to Bergen-Belsen. Hecame back to Poland in 1947. Unfortunately, allthe members of his family had been murdered.Edward returned to a traditional wandering type of life. In the 60’s he lived in Opole and then in Zawiercie. He has a family and he is retired.

Every time I come to Auschwitz, all my nightmares become alive again. I feel this acute fearand anxiety, I see all these faces, I feel the scent. Despite all this, I want to come back here

and I want to talk about my past because I feel this is my duty. When I tell the youth about everything what happened here, I know that I will feel ill. For me, it is like digging

in an unhealed wound. But I want to talk. I want to warn them so that this nightmare never happens again, so that the past is a lesson for tomorrow. Our only fault was that we were Roma people, that was the reason we were killed. I always repeat not to throw

everyone into the same bag because that is what caused the evil of Auschwitz to win. In that time a human was not important but his race and nationality. Keep your eyes

wide open and do not allow race nor religion to become the basis for assessing a human.This always brings consequences. React to each sign of hatred, draw conclusions

from the past, and do not let the past come back.

Edward PaczkowskiAuschwitz Prisoner

POLISH CITIZENS INKL AUSCHWITZ

EDWARD PACZKOWSKIROMAN KENT

Page 10: POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ...POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ POLISH CITIZENS IN KL AUSCHWITZ Was born in 1929 in Warsaw, survived the Warsaw ghetto. Her father was taken to Treblinka

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Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

Recommended literature:

If you want to learn more about the Heroes of the lesson, you can read theirmemoirs:

• Czesław Kempisty, Survive a day. Memoirs from the years 1941–1951, Wrocław 1989

• Bogdan Bartnikowski, Childhood in a striped uniform, Oświęcim 2016

• Rutka Laskier, Journal, ed. Adam Szydłowski, Będzin 2008

• Marian Turski, My happiest day, Oświęcim 2011

TASK:

My afterthoughts:

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory

The History of Polish citizens in KL AuschwitzProject producer:

State Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau

Fundacja Wiara i Prawda (Faith and Truth Foundation)

Production financed by the Foundation for the Development of the Education System

as part of the program supporting activities related to national memory