Poetry Terminology. Rhyme The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are...

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Poetry Terminology

Transcript of Poetry Terminology. Rhyme The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are...

Page 1: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Poetry Terminology

Page 2: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Rhyme The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that

share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry are called internal rhymes.

Rhymes create a pleasing effect in poetry and it also makes it easier to memorize things (i.e.: nursery rhymes)

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall,Humpty Dumpty had a great fall.

All the King’s horses, and all the King’s menCouldn’t put Humpty together again!

Page 3: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Rhyme Scheme A way of describing the pattern of end rhymes in

a poem. Each new sounds at the end of a line is given a

letter, starting with “a,” then “b,” and so on. If an end sound repeats the end sound of an earlier line, it gets the same letter as the earlier line.

My cat is nice. aMy cat likes mice.

aMy cat is fat.

bI like my cat.

b

My cat is nice. aMy cat is fat.

bMy cat likes mice.

aI like my cat.

b

My cat is gray. aMy cat is fat.

bMy cat is cute. cI like my cat.

b

Page 4: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

My Penmanship is Pretty Bad

My penmanship is pretty bad.My printing’s plainly awful.In truth, my writing looks so

sadIt ought to be unlawful.

Rhyme scheme: a,b,a,b

Roses Are RedRoses are red.

Violets are blue.Sugar is sweet,And so are you.

Rhyme scheme: a,b,c,b

Today I Had a Rotten DayToday I had a rotten day.

As I was coming in from playI accidentally stubbed my toes

And tripped and fell and whacked my nose.

Rhyme scheme: a,a,b,b

Page 5: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Rhythm A series of stressed and unstressed sounds in a group of

words. Rhythm may be regular or it may be varied. Rhythm in writing acts as beat does in music. Rhythm

captivates the audience by giving musical effect to a speech, poem, or literary piece.

Double, double, toil and trouble;

Fire burn, and caldron bubble DOU-ble, DOU-ble, TOIL and TROU-ble;

FI-re BURN, and CAL-dron BUB-ble (from Macbeth by Shakespear)

Page 7: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Figurative Language

Page 8: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

What is figurative language? Figurative language is

language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.

Figurative language makes literature more vivid. It is especially common in poetry.

Examples include:SimileMetaphorOnomatopoeiaHyperbolePersonificationSymbolism

Page 9: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Simile A comparison between two unlike things using the words

like or as. Granny was as blind as a bat.

YES – Granny and bat are unlike things – compared with “as.” The dog was as fast as lightning.

YES – Dog and lightning are unlike things – compared with “as.” He is as tall as his brother.

NO – Uses “as” for comparison, but he and his brother are both tall boys, so this does not compare unlike things.

He slept like a log.YES – Boy and lumber are unlike things – compared with “like.”

Page 10: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Metaphor

A direct comparison of two unlike things; metaphors DO NOT use like or as for comparison.

When two unlikes you match direct

A METAPHOR makes them connect.

The streams are snakes, toupees are rugs,

And human arms give big bear hugs.

Page 11: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Metaphor He hogged the road.

YES – Humans and animals are unlike things. He is not really a hog, but he has acted in a manner often attributed to hogs by taking more than his fair share of something.

She toyed with the idea. YES – Her thought process is unlike a toy, but the implication is that she

considered the idea so lightheartedly that it is as if she were playing with a toy.

Dad was a rock through all their trouble. YES – Dad and a rock are unlike objects, but his ability to remain unchanged

through pressure conditions is compared to a rock not being changed by the conditions around it.

DAD was a man through all their trouble. NO – Dad is a man, so unlikes are not compared, even though being a male

adult and acting like a man may imply different things.

Page 12: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

PersonificationGiving human characteristics to non-human

things

Personification is realized

When things not human are humanized.

This lets clouds skip on high and play

And trees lift leafy arms to pray.

Page 13: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Personification The sun was eaten by the storm clouds.

YES – Eating is a human activity. Clouds cannot eat.

Mickey MouseYES – Real mice do not wear clothes or speak.

There are many examples of animals that have been given human qualities in fiction, such as Winnie the Pooh, Lion King, or Bambi.

The flower grew.NO – While growing is a human activity, flowers

also grow, so the flower is not doing something restricted to humans.

Page 14: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Onomatopoeia

Occurs when the sound of the word gives the meaning of the word.

Buzz, whisper, meow, sizzle, hiss, ping

Page 15: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Edgar Allan Poe is considered the master of onomatopoeia in both his prose and his poetry. His poem “The Bells” is generally recognized as the greatest example of sustained onomatopoeia ever written. Each verse sounds like the type of bell it describes.

Read these excerpts from Verse III of Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Bells.” Listen for the onomatopoeia.

Page 16: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

HyperboleHyperbole is an extreme exaggeration. Poetry, especially love poems are a good source

for finding hyperbole.

“O, My Luve’s Like a Red, Red Rose” by Robert Burns

And I will luve thee still, my dear,

Till a’ the seas gang dry.

Page 17: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Hyperbole

Her boom box was loud enough to wake the dead.YES - No amount of noise can do that.

I have a million errands to run today.YES - If you run 100 errands a day, this would

take over 27 years. I caught a trophy fish! (Actually it was barely

big enough to keep.)NO – This is an exaggeration, but is just in the

“stretcher” category.

Page 18: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

Symbolism Occurs when a

noun which has meaning in itself is used to represent something entirely different.

One example of symbolism would be to use an image of the American flag to represent patriotism and a love for one’s country.

Red rose or the color red Love / romance

The color black Evil / death

Lion Bravery / power

Book Education /

knowledge Dove

Peace

Page 19: Poetry Terminology. Rhyme  The repetition of syllable sounds. End words that share a sound are called end rhymes. Rhyming words within a line of poetry.

I ask them to take a poem

And hold it up to the light like a color slide

 

Or press an ear against its hive.

 

I say drop a mouse into a poem

And watch him probe his way out,

 

Or walk inside the poem’s room

And feel the walls for a light switch.

 

I want them to water-ski

across the surface of a poem

waving at the author’s name on shore.

 

But all they want to do

is tie the poem to a chair with a rope

and torture a confession out of it.

 

They begin beating it with a hose

To find out what it really means.

                                Billy Collins