Poetry is rich in imagery, - Coach Danner · Poetry is rich in imagery, rhythm, and emotion. 2 To...

Poetry is rich in imagery, rhythm, and emotion.

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To convey this, writers use multiple poetic devices.

These are just a few: Alliteration Anaphora Hyperbole

Irony/Paradox Metaphor Onomatopoeia Personification

Rhyme(true rhyme, internal rhyme, near/half

rhyme, eye rhyme) Simile

IMAGERY DEVICESPURPOSE IS TO CREATE AN IMAGE

IN THE READER’S MIND.

1. Simile

2. Metaphor

3. Personification4

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1. SIMILE

A comparison of two things using the words like or as.

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EXAMPLES OF A SIMILE

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EXAMPLES OF A SIMILEBob is hungry as a wolf.•Bob and wolf are the two things being compared, using “as”

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Sue smells like a rose.•Sue & rose are the two things being compared, using “like”

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Lisa looks like a total fox today.•Lisa & fox (using “like”)

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Bob is hungry as a wolf.•Bob and wolf are the two things being compared, using “as”


Lisa looks like a total fox today.•Lisa &fox (using “like”)

Matt is as fine as chocolate syrup on ice cream.•Matt & syrup (using “as”)

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EXAMPLES OF A SIMILE

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2. METAPHOR

A comparison of two unlike things without

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using like or as.

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EXAMPLES OF METAPHOR

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Bob is a hungry wolf.

• Bob is compared to a wolf.

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Sue is a rose, filling the room with her sweet scent.• Sue (or Sue’s scent) and rose (or the rose’s

scent)are being compared.

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Sue is a rose, filling the room with her sweet scent.• Sue (or Sue’s scent) and rose (or the rose’s

scent)are being compared.

My sister is such a witch.

• Sister is compared to a witch.

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EXAMPLES OF METAPHORBob is a hungry wolf.


Sue is a rose, filling the room with her sweet scent.• Sue (or Sue’s scent) and rose (or the rose’s scent)are being

compared.

My sister is such a witch.•Sister is compared to a witch. This class is my ticket out of EHS.

• (This) class is compared to ticket.

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A type of metaphor in which non-human things or ideas possess human qualities or actions.

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3. PERSONIFICATION

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EXAMPLES OF PERSONIFICATION

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EXAMPLES OF PERSONIFICATIONThe wind whispered her name.

Wind is being personified: “wind whispered”, because “wind” can’tactually “whisper.”

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The wind whispered her name.Wind is being personified: “wind whispered”, because “wind” can’tactually “whisper.” Love is blind.Love is being personified: because love has no eyes that could be blinded. (If something had eyes, saying it is “blind” isNOT personification.

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EXAMPLES OF PERSONIFICATION

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SOUND DEVICESPURPOSE IS TO CREATE A RHYTHM OR

SET THE TONE IN THE POEM.

4. Alliteration5. Assonance6. Onomatopoeia7. Rhyme: True Rhyme8. Rhyme: Internal Rhyme9. Rhyme: Near/Half (or Impure) Rhyme10. Rhyme: Eye Rhyme

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The repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of neighboring words. (Consonants are all the letters except a, e, i, o, u, and y.)

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4. ALLITERATION

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EXAMPLES OF ALLITERATION

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Thedark dance ofdeath whisked her away.Repetition of the “d” sound in “darkdance of death”

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Thedark dance ofdeath whisked her away.Repetition of the “d” sound in “darkdance of death”

Like a lucky charm, he looks on.Repetition of the “l” sound in “Like,”

“lucky,” and “looks”

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The repetition of vowel sounds (within stressed syllables) of neighboring words.

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5. ASSONANCE

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EXAMPLES OF ASSONANCE

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Talking and walking, hours on end.

Repetition of the “ah” sound in

“talking” “walking”

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Talking and walking, hours on end.

Repetition of the “ah” sound in

“talking” “walking”A turtle in the fertile soil.

Repetition of the “er” sound in

“turtle” “fertile”

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6. ONOMATOPOEIA

Words which imitate the sound they refer to.

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EXAMPLES OF ONOMATOPOEIA

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The eagle whizzed past the buzzing bees. “whizzed” and “buzzing” imitate the sound they are referring to

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● The eagle whizzed past the buzzing bees. ○ “whizzed” and “buzzing” imitate the sound

they are referring to● Rip-roar fire, thegun stutters on.○ “Rip-roar” and “stutters”

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The eagle whizzed past the buzzing bees. “whizzed” and “buzzing” imitate the sound they are referring to

Rip-roar fire, the gun stutters on.“Rip-roar” and “stutters”

Plop, plop, fizz, fizz. Oh! What arelief it is. (from an Alka-Seltzer ad)

“Plop, plop” and “fizz, fizz” both sound like the sound they describe.

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7. RHYME

Words which end with the same sounds, usually at the end of lines.

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EXAMPLES OF RHYME

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EXAMPLES OF RHYME

So go ahead and preach, / ‘cause I’m the oneyou teach.

“teach” and “preach”

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EXAMPLES OF RHYME


“teach” and “preach”You think you’re just so cool, / but you’re lookin’ like a fool.

“cool” and “fool”

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“teach” and “preach”You think you’re just so cool, / but you’re lookin’ like a fool.

“cool” and “fool”When he holds me tight, / I know it’s going to be alright.

“tight” and “alright”19

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EXAMPLES OF RHYME

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8. INTERNAL RHYME

Rhyme within a line.

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EXAMPLES OFINTERNAL RHYME

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Bright night, a full moon above.

“bright” and “night”

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Bright night, a full moon above.“bright” and “night”

We will stay today and then we must go.

“stay” and “today”

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Bright night, a full moon above.“bright” and “night”

We will stay today and then we must go.

“stay” and “today”It’s a play day and we’re feeling good.

“play” and “day”

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9. NEAR/HALF RHYME

Slight or inaccurate repetition of sounds(also called impure rhyme).

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EXAMPLES OFNEAR/HALF RHYME

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On top of the hill, / the moon is full.

“hill” and “full”

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On top of the hill, / the moon is full.

“hill” and “full”

Give this to the man, / he’ll know what I mean.

“man” and “mean”

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10. EYE RHYME

Words that look like they rhyme (similar spelling), but do NOT rhyme (also called

sight rhyme).

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EXAMPLES OF EYE RHYME

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Listen to the water flow,from top I don’t see how.“flow” and “how”

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When the game is over, a true champion we’ll discover.

“over” and “discover”

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When the game is over, a true champion we’ll discover.

“over” and “discover”What would I have to prove, to show you how much I love?

“prove” and “love”

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MISCELLANEOUS DEVICES

11. Hyperbole

12. Irony/Paradox

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11. HYPERBOLE

An obvious and deliberate exaggeration(to emphasize something or for humorous purposes).

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EXAMPLES OF A HYPERBOLE

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I love you more than life itself.

Love is exaggerated.

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I love you more than life itself.

Love is exaggerated.

He could eat ahorse.

His appetite is exaggerated.28

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12. IRONY

Saying the opposite of what you actually mean.(Paradox explained later.)

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EXAMPLES OF IRONY

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EXAMPLES OF IRONY

Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink.

Surrounded by water in theocean, but none of it is drinkable.

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EXAMPLES OF IRONY

Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink.

Surrounded by water in theocean, but none of it is drinkable.

The directions were as clear as mud. Obviously, they weren’t very clear directions (this is also a simile!).

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12. PARADOX

A statement that seems to contradict or oppose itself, yet actually reveals some truth.

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EXAMPLES OF A PARADOX

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It’s hard work doing nothing.

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It’s hard work doing nothing.

Youth is wasted on the

young.

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It’s hard work doing nothing. Youth is

wasted on the young.

The more we know, the less we understand.

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It’s hard work doing nothing. Youth is wasted on

the young.


The less you have, the more you are free. (Or …the more you have.)

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the young.


The less you have, the more you are free. (Or …the more you have.)

I can resist anything but temptation.

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the young.


The less you have, the more you are free. (Or …the more you have.)I can resist anything but temptation. Her silence

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Practicing Poetic Devices - Terms & Definitions

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Term/Device Definition Example of How it is Used in Poetry

1. simile

2. metaphor

3. personification

4. alliteration

5. assonance

6. onomatopoeia

7. rhyme: true/pure rhyme

8. rhyme: internal rhyme

9. rhyme: near/half/ impure rhyme

10. rhyme: eye rhyme

11. hyperbole

12. irony/paradox Irony: Paradox:

Practicing Poetic Devices - Terms & Definitions

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Term/Device Definition Example of How it is Used in Poetry

1. simile A comparison of two things (that may or not be alike) using the words like or as.

Lisa looks like a total fox today. Bob is hungry as a wolf.

2. metaphor A comparison of two unlike things without using like or as. (Things = person, place, thing, or thought)

Bob is a hungry wolf. Lisa is a fox.This class is my ticket out of EHS.

3. personification A type of metaphor in which non-human things or ideas possess human qualities or actions.

The wind whispered her name. Love is blind.

4. alliteration The repetition of a consonant sound at the beginning of neighboring words. (Consonants are all the letters except a, e, i, o, u, and y.)

The dark dance of death whisked her away. Like a lucky charm, he looks on.Summer is the sweaty circus scents.

5. assonance The repetition of vowel sounds (within stressed syllables) of neighboring words. (Vowels are a, e, i, o, u, and y.)

Talking and walking, hours on end. A turtle in the fertile soil.

6. onomatopoeia Words which imitate the sound they refer to. The eagle whizzed past the buzzing bees. Rip-roar fire, the gun stutters on.Plop, plop, fizz, fizz. Oh! What a relief it is. (from an Alka-Seltzer ad)

7. rhyme: true/pure rhyme

Words which end with the same sounds, usually at the end of lines. So go ahead and preach,ʻcause Iʼm the one you teach.

8. rhyme: internal rhyme Rhyme within a line. Bright night, a full moon above.We will stay today and then we must go.Itʼs a play day and weʼre feeling good.

9. rhyme: near/half/ impure rhyme

Slight or inaccurate repetition of sounds (also called impure rhyme). Hint: The vowel sounds in the words do not quite rhyme.

On top of the hill, the moon is full.

10. rhyme: eye rhyme Words that look like they rhyme (similar spelling), but do NOT rhyme (also called sight rhyme).

Listen to the water flow, from top I donʼt see how.(Other examples of eye/sight rhymes: prove/love, over/discover, height/weight, tomb/comb,sew/dew, plow/crow, do/so, though/rough, daughter/laughter, tone/gone, roll/doll, good/mood)

11. hyperbole An obvious and deliberate exaggeration (to emphasize something or for humorous purposes).

He could eat a horse. She cried for days.Running faster than the speed of light. I had a ton of homework.

12. irony/paradox Irony: Saying the opposite of what you actually mean.

Paradox: A statement that seems to contradict or oppose itself, yet actually reveals some truth.

Irony ex.: The directions were as clear as mud. Paradox ex.: Youth is wasted on the young.The less you have, the more you are free. Her silence was deafening.

Poetry is rich in imagery, - Coach Danner · Poetry is rich in imagery, rhythm, and emotion. 2 To...

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