Poetry

Introduction to Poetry

TO BE REPORTED BY:NIEL RICHARD LOPEZ

RONALYN BUEZA

Definition

• A collection of words that express an emotion or idea.

• Poems are literary attempts to share personal experiences and feelings.

• Good poems show images which leave the reader the sense of delight, awe and wonder.

Which half do you use when studying poetry?

• Poetry requires creativity• Poetry requires emotion• Poetry requires an artistic quality• Poetry requires logic.

Purpose of Poetry

• To express ideas, feelings and emotions.

Types of Poetry

Free Verse:Poetry that doesn’t follow any specific patterns in rhythm, rhyme scheme, or line length; free

verse may contain rhymes, but they are

not used in a prescribed manner

Types of Poetry

A three-line Japanese poetic form in the lines

follow the pattern of five syllables in the

first line, seven syllables in the

second line, and five syllables in the third

line.

Haiku Kochira mukeWare mo sabishiki

Aki no kure

Will you turn toward me?

I am lonely too,This autumn

evening.

Types of Poetry

Types of Poetry

Narrative Poem:

A poem that tells the sequence of events of a story; “The Song of Wandering Aengus” is a narrative poem


THE SONG OF WANDERING AENGUSby: W.B. Yeats

WENT out to the hazel wood,Because a fire was in my head,And cut and peeled a hazel wand,And hooked a berry to a thread; And when white moths were on the wing,And moth-like stars were flickering out,I dropped the berry in a streamAnd caught a little silver trout.


When I had laid it on the floorI went to blow the fire a-flame,But something rustled on the floor,And some one called me by my name:It had become a glimmering girlWith apple blossom in her hairWho called me by my name and ranAnd faded through the brightening air. Though I am old with wanderingThrough hollow lands and hilly lands,I will find out where she has gone,And kiss her lips and take her hands;And walk among long dappled grass,And pluck till time and times are doneThe silver apples of the moon,The golden apples of the sun.

Types of Poetry

Sonnet:

A very structured fourteen-line poem that follows a specific rhyme structure and

rhythm. The two most common sonnets are the Italian sonnet and the English sonnet. William Shakespeare wrote many English

sonnets, which are also referred to as hakespearean sonnets.


Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed,And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.

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Elements of Poetry

Meter

• The length of a line of poetry is measured in metrical units called “FEET”. Each foot consists of one unit of rhythm. So, if the line is iambic or trochaic, a foot of poetry has 2 syllables. If the line is anapestic or dactylic, a foot of poetry has 3 syllables.

(This is where it’s going to start sounding like geometry class, so you left-brainers are gonna love this!)

Each set of syllables is one foot, and each line is measured by how many feet are in it. The length of the line of poetry is then labeled according to how many feet are in it.

*there is rarely more than 8 feet*

1: Monometer2: Dimeter

3: Trimeter

4: Tetrameter

5: Pentameter6: Hexameter

7: Heptameter

8: Octameter

II.One shade the more, one ray the less,

Had half impaired the nameless graceWhich waves in every raven tress,

Or softly lightens o’er her face;Where thoughts serenely sweet express,

How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.

She Walks in BeautyI.

She walks in beauty, like the nightOf cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that’s best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes:

Thus mellowed to that tender lightWhich Heaven to gaudy day denies.

III.And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,

So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow,

But tell of days in goodness spent,A mind at peace with all below,

A heart whose love is innocent!

Reading this poem out loud makes the rhythm

evident. Which syllables are more pronounced?

Which are naturally softer?

Count the syllables in each line to determine

the meter.

Examination of this poem reveals that it would be considered iambic tetrameter.

Stanzas

• It is one of the divisions of a poem, composed of two or more lines usually characterized by a common pattern of meter, rhyme, and number of lines.

Rhyme

One of the most beautiful elements found in poetry is rhyme.

Rhyme is the matching of sounds that are similar.

Say, Pay, Tray, Spray, Day, May

Blue, True, zoo, do, too

Rhyme

When working with rhyme, you should always remember that the most

important part of verse is the last word.

• The last word of each verse is what establishes they rhyme.

Twinkle, twinkle little star!How I wonder what you areUp above the world so high.Like a diamond in the sky.

A

A

B

B

Rhyme Scheme

Practice

Nature’s first green is gold,

Her hardest hue to hold.Her early leaf’s a flower;But only so an hour.

Then leaf subsides to leaf So Eden sank to griefSo dawn goes down today.Nothing gold can stay.

A

ABB

C

C

D

D

Was it Easy?

Practice

When I was one and twenty

I heard a wise man say.

‘Give crowns and pounds and guineas

But not your heart away;

Give pearls away and rubies

But keep your fancy free’

But I was one-and-twenty

No use to talk to me!

A

B

C

B

C

D

A

D

How many stanzas and verses does the poem

have?

Rhythm

• It is a movement with uniform recurrence of a beat or accent." In its crudest form rhythm has a beat with little or no meaning.

Alliteration

• The repetition of the initial letter or sound in two or more words in a line.

To the lay-person, these are called “tongue-twisters”.

• Example: How much dew would a dewdrop drop if a dewdrop did drop dew?

She Walks in BeautyI.

She walks in beauty, like the nightOf cloudless climes and starry skies;

And all that’s best of dark and brightMeet in her aspect and her eyes:

Thus mellowed to that tender lightWhich Heaven to gaudy day denies.

Let’s see what this looks like in a poem we are familiar with.

Allite

ratio

n

Allite

ratio

n

Alli

tera

tion

These examples use the beginning sounds of words only twice in a line, but by definition, that’s all you need.

Repetition

• Using the same key word or phrase throughout a poem.

This should be fairly self-explanatory,

but . . .at risk of sounding

like a broken record . . .

Time to spend;

time to mend.

Time to hate;

time to wait.

Time is the essence;

time is the key.

Time will tell us

what we will be.

Time is the enemy;

time is the proof.

Time will eventually

show us the truth.

Time is a mystery;

time is a measure.

Time for us is

valued treasure.

Time to spend;

time to mend.

Time to cry . . .

Time to die.

Valued Treasue

by Chris R. Carey

So, which is the repeated key word or phrase?

Time to spend;

time to mend.

Time to hate;

time to wait.

Time is the essence;

time is the key.

Time will tell us

what we will be.

Time is the enemy;

time is the proof.

Time will eventually

show us the truth.

Time is a mystery;

time is a measure.

Time for us is

valued treasure.

Time to spend;

time to mend.

Time to cry . . .

Time to die.

Valued Treasue

by Chris R. Carey

So, which is the repeated key word or phrase?

Fairly obvious, huh?

Refrain

• The repetition of one or more phrases or lines at the end of a stanza.

• It can also be an entire stanza that is repeated periodically throughout a poem, kind of like a chorus of a song.

Phenomenal Woman

by Maya AngelouPretty women wonder where my secret lies.

I’m not cute or built to suit a fashion model’s size

But when I start to tell them,

They think I’m telling lies.

I say,

It’s in the reach of my arms,

The span of my hips,

The stride of my step,

The curl of my lips.

I’m a woman

Phenomenally.

Phenomenal woman,

That’s me.

Remember this

I walk into a room

Just as cool as you please,

And to a man,

The fellows stand or

Fall down on their knees.

Then they swarm around me,

A hive of honey bees.

I say,

It’s the fire in my eyes,

And the flash of my teeth,

The swing of my waist,

And the joy in my feet.

I’m a woman

Phenomenally.

Phenomenal woman,

That’s me.

Men themselves have wondered

What they see in me.

They try so much

But they can’t touch

My inner mystery.

When I try to show them,

They say they still can’t see.

I say,

It’s in the arch of my back,

The sun of my smile,

. . .

The grace of my style.

I’m a woman

Phenomenally.

Phenomenal woman,

That’s me.

Look familiar? That is refrain.

Figurative Language

Simile:

Example:

A direct, explicit comparison of one thing to another in which the words like or as are used.

She looks like an angel.

Her lips are as sweet as honey.

Figurative Language

Figurative Language

Metaphor:

Example:

An indirect comparison of one thing to another in which

one thing is given characteristics of another.

My love is a flower

He was a lion in battle.

Figurative Language

Personification:

Example:

The strategy of giving animate qualities to abstract concepts, or

inanimate things.

This handless clock stares blindly from its tower.

Figurative Language

Onomatopoeia:

Example:

The attempt to echo or imitate sounds with

words.

Bow-wow, oink-oink, tic-tac, howling

Figurative Language

Hyperbole:

Example:

An exaggeration

I have been waiting for a million years.

Imagery

A poet must stimulate the imagination. He or she has to use a language that creates mental pictures or images.

Sensory Images:• Visual- to the sense of sight.• Olfactory- to the sense of smell.• Gustatory- to the sense of taste• Tactile- to the sense of touch• Auditory- to the sense of hearing

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Poetry

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