LEISURE REFRENCE: these lines have been taken from ‘leisure’ written by ‘William Davies’. CONTEXT: poet laments on the modern man who is chasing his material ambitions. In this way he has ignore the beauty of nature as well as the beauty of human being. EXPLANATION: poet questions about the modern life, which is full of care. Modern man spends busy and fast life, as he finds no time to stay and think about himself. He is so besay that he doesn’t want to stay any were or any time. He doesn’t bother to stay as long as sheep and cows stop under the branches of trees. Poet says that modern man has ignored the beauty of nature. He is not be able to see how squirrels hide their nuts in grass. As he works throw the forest he is so busy and last in his own thoughts that he is unable to see the beautiful movements of the creatures of the forest. He is unable to see the beauty and charm of the light of the day; He has forgotten the blessing of God. He is unable to see the beautiful reflection of the streams, which has stars like the sky at night.

The poet personifies the lady to the beauty. He also bring the process of smiling to light, it is very short time process. As modern man is unable to see the smile of beautiful girl. He is unable to see such smile, which begins from her eyes and makes her face fright. He lemons desirably on the condition of modern man, he has involved fully in his cares of life in this way, he is helpless and can never be able to enjoy the pleasures of life. As he has no time to stay in his busy life.

TARTARY REFRENCE: these lines have been taken from ‘Tartary’ written by ‘Walter De La Mare’.

CONTEXT: Tartary is an imaginative land of the post and he wishes to become a sole lord of this island. He wishes to enjoy all the luxuries and comfort of life. EXPLANATION: Poet expresses his wish to be a sole land of his imaginative land, for which he has given the name of Tartary. After becoming the king of this, and he will decorate his palace according to his own likes, he says his bed would be made of ivory. His thrown would be made of pure Gold. He will keep the beautiful animal in his palace as peacocks. In his forest, Tigers will roam about freely. He will also keep great fishes in his pools. They will be so beautiful as their fins reflect the fight of the sun. In this way these fish will fascinate the people.

Poet says he would make his mealtime rather unusual. Here he wants to give orient touch to this mealtime. As he says trumpeters would be beaten which announced my mealtime. Poet also wants to make the atmosphere mystic and charming. He announces that lamps would be shown in the evening time. They would so beautiful as there color must be worth inspiring the colors of the lamps would yellow and read as well as honey and wine. He thinks harp, flute, and mandolin would make the music sweet and attractive. Poet denotes his ambitions. He would wear an expensive dress of beads. If he were lord of Tartary, he thinks the beads would have different kinds. They would be white, Gold and Green. They would be put in my dress in an infinite numbers. He thinks he would wear his decorated robe and scimitar before the Dawn. He thinks seven Zebras would drive his carriage through the deep forest of Tartary. Here poet rejects the world of

mechanism, as he prefers the Zebras to any luxuries Car and Wagon. He wants to create pure and rustic atmosphere in his own imaginary land.

Poet wishes to become the honor of the nature of his imaginary land. As he wants to be the lard of the fruits of Tartary. He clams that he would be the lard of silver and yellow rivers of Tartary. He wishes to become the lard of every corner of his imaginary land. He thinks he would be the lard of every forest and every valley. He wants to become the master of its flashing stars, scented breeze, trembling lakes, which would be like foamless seas. He claims to be the master of the birds, which delight on the citron trees. He considered that he would be the lord of every purple valley of his imaginary land. NEW YEAR RESOLUTIONS

REFRENCE: these lines have been taken from ‘New Year resolutions’ written by ‘Elizabeth Sewell’.

CONTEXT: Elizabeth Sewell determines to be quite so that she may know and judge her self. She may face the reality of life.

EXPLANATION: Poetess wants to be silent, as she considers necessary for the silence of her self. She wants to be serious and --------, she has resolute to portage herself from every excide. Certainly it is unusual resolution because one can’t be ready to analyze one self. One always knew oneself to correct once follies in life. These lines also show the wreath of the poetess who has selected very a few words to show her resolution.

Poetess resolves to know her own existence. She longs for the purpose of her own being. She wants to analyze her own character. Infect she has determine to clarify his own fault by remembering his past deeds. She wants to continue this process of knowing her own self so that she may walk to the write path.

Elizabeth makes unusual resolution that is of facing and living with reality. Although the nature of reality is uncomfortable yet she wants to feel its bitterness. She thinks that she will meditate over the realism. No doughty, reality will give her torture. But this pinching feeling will be the cause of her comfort ness. She thinks if her resolution is full filed, it will be great comfort for her future life.

WOMAN WORK

REFRENCE: These lines have been taken from ‘Woman work’ written by ‘Maya Angelou’. CONTEXT: Poetess is sick of the domestic activities and wants to escape somewhere as to give calmness to her nerves. She wishes to observe her self in nature as she considers it her true companion. EXPLANATION: In this stanza, Maya mentions her exhausted, domestic activities those are common for every domestic woman. As she tells that she has to prepare the children for going to school. She has to mend the term close. After these jobs, she will clean the floor and get the food form shop, so that meal can be prepare. Lines are very easy to under stand, which tell us only the common activities of domestic woman. In this stanza Maya describes further her domestic activities. These activities show that any woman, really excuse with her dole domestic works. As she is to do a lot of work in a day. She is to fry chicken, give bath to baby, cook food for gests, weed the grass of

garden, press the shirts, dress the babies, cut the cane and to cleanup the whole house. She is sick of all these regular works that have been done by her regularly. Maya calls the elements of nature as she thinks then her true companion. She address the sunshine to shine on her, address the rain to rain on her, address the dew drops to falls softly on her, and cool her brow so that she may feel calmness in her own self. These lines show how a man cut of from the beauty of nature that, why Maya wishes to attach her self to nature.

In this stanza poetess call the storm as to below her form her home with its fairest wined. Maya wants to contact every element of nature; she wants to give importance even then to the storm. She thinks that storm would float her across the sky at she can take rest form there. Infect dull and drab life has compiled her to accept the worst element of nature. That why she proffers the storm to the dull domestic life. Maya calls every element of nature for her health. Infect she feels and conceives every kind of environment. In this stanza she calls the snowflakes to fall on her gently. Certainly she is well aware of the beauty and calmness in such atmosphere. She wants that snowflakes would cover her with there cold icy kisses. In this way she may rest for a night. This stanza shows that she is closely attached to the nature. She thinks nature her true companion, that’s why she calls every element of nature. She claims that these elements always remain beside her as life giving friends. She finds a soothing effect from them. That’s why she trusts in the elements of nature. PATRIOT INTO TRAITOR

REFRENCE: These lines have been taken form ‘Patriot into traitor’ written by ‘Robert Browning’.

CONTEXT: Robert Browning has presenting a popular leader who has been labeled as a traitor. This leader has been appreciated so much but after some time people dropped him to death. But he is optimistic as to get the reward from God. EXPLANATION: In this stanza Browning describe the well coming seen for a leader. Peoples scatter roses in his way for showing their love and appreciation. They are made for seeing his glance. Poet drawn the emaciation of simple people in these lines. As simple people always welcome there leaders warmly. People are very excited for they decorate the church aspires and put the flags on them. This is the event of last year. People were very excited to say him welcome. As they rang bells so much that whole atmosphere sounded and misty because of it. Old walls of the city were shocking because of the slogan raised by the people. In this emotional time, leader addressed his nation that he needed not there slogans but there love. People told him that they had already given him there true sincerity and love to him and what he wanted more form them. In these lines poet exposes the sprits of the common people who love very much to there leaders. They think their leaders as the liberator who will relies them all difficulties. Leader exclaims with sorrow that he did done unusual and impossible task only to make happy to their friends. He did every think to his close bosom friends and nation. He claimed that no one could do such impossible task, which he has done for his people. He questions whether he feels in him self that he did nothing for his nation. Now he says that he is about to harvest what he has reaped in last year.

There line shows the common mode of the leaders who think that they have done enough for their people. But they always think in wrong direction. They lost every think what to do write and perfect for the people in their proud ness.

Leader has been labeled as a traitor. That’s why no body is present to welcome him. These lines show the grief of the leader who is being carried to shamble gate for punishment. This leader regards that no body come to see him. Old and sick people are appearing through the windows as no body is allotting to meet him. People came see only one seen that is his own hanging. This site can be seen at the shamble gate. So the leader walks towards this place regretfully and dull fully.

Leaders describes whom he goes towards shamble gate his condition is very bad, as he has to go in the rain, he is carried towards that place --------. A robe is around his wrist, which cut them up people through the stone at him. His forehead is wounded and no one care of it. Infect people are misbehaving with him because of his misdeeds in the last year.

These line show that common and innocent people love their leaders but if those leaders do not fulfill their wishes, they hate them intensely they dropdown them form their status to death.

In these lines leader finishes his story and hopes for good in his everlasting life. He says he came in the politics as triumphs but people dispelled him from his great status. They dropped him down to his batter death.

But he hope to get the reward from God that’s why he considers him self very safe. He says God may question him what he has don for him and he is creature. He thinks that he has done very well for the people and God will repay for his deeds. We find both the qualities of browning __ his optimism and dramatic melody. A ting of sadness runs through the whole poem and disparity is promenade in every life. But in these lines poet divert his concept his pessimism to optimism through his monolog. THE HUNTSMAN

REFRENCE: These lines have been taken from the ‘the huntsman’ written by ‘Edward Lowbury’.

CONTEXT: This poem is based on ---------------------------- which indicates paradoxical concept. Man must avoid form the excessive tacking. An other idea is that a dictator cannot bother any unusual thinking or idea said by common man. EXPLANATION: Poet narrated the story of Kagwa, Who was hunter; he used to go with his spear in to the forest and hunted the lion. Accidentally he saw a skull. He asked it how he had come there. The skull told him that tacking had brought there. In the first stanza, ‘Edward’ has presented his theme of the poem, which gives us the message that “silence is gold” lives have been written in narrative style. Kagwa is the representative of lower class in the society. He is not be able to control his nubs, he is very excited to tell about the tacking skull to the king. So he went at once to the king. He told the king what he had seen in the jungle. King had held his court and could not bother such unusual information told by the Kagwa. He was silent for a few minutes. He said that he never lesson such news since his birth. Infect he decided to punish Kagwa for such out spoke ness. The king decided to know the reality of this mater. So he ordered his guards to go with kagwa for knowing and verifying but he had told about, he said to them to look for the talking skull. He also ordered them that they had to check whether skull might speak or

not. He asked if the story of kagwa proved to be false, this person must be killed. These lines show that Kagwa is about to be punishing for his hasty habit. He may think not about any reward for telling this story but he cannot control his emotions. The guards ordered him to knee down, as the skill had not said any word. So they killed him severely with their sold and spear. In this way he met to his end because of his inconvenient hest. Then skull asked him how he had come there. The dead man answered that ‘Talking brought me here’. In these last lines, poet has given strong touch of his theme. One must not talk to much as talking always creates big problems for human being. The ending lines also shock the reader when he learns about the helpless end of Kagwa.

ONE ART REFRENCE: These lines have been taken form ‘ONE ART’ written by ‘Elizabeth

Bishop’. CONTEXT: Poetess advices the readers to be indifferent on losing anything if we ignore the treffel lose, we shall be able to bother big loss in life. EXPLANATION: Poetess believes in the concept to be a master of losing the things is not hard. She thinks that a lot of things are ready to be lost. There lost never brings disaster. She indicates the reality that we loss some thing every day as we are helpless in this mater. We can’t stop to happen. She thinks when thinks are to be lost, why should we bother it too much. In these lines, poetess advises the reader to lose the things daily, just for practice. She advises to be ready to face any confliction. She thinks one must lost the keys of door in one’s confection. She advises the readers that they are to forget the bad movement of life. As its her believe to be a master of losing the things in not hard. She advises to practice the losing things fastly. We must loss more and more as we shall be habitual of it. In this way we shall feel less sadness for our loss. She advices we must forget the places, names and the place we have traveled. Losing and forgetting this thing will never create disaster.

In these lines poetess give example of her own self. She tells that she has lost her mothers watch, which is very loving to her. She also tells that she has lost her three loved houses. As the home is ready to be a loving thing for a woman. That’s why poetess indicates her loving home. But she has loosed and forgotten all the houses. Again she insists that the art of losing something is not very hard. These lines poetess give example of her own loss. She tells that she has lost two beautiful cities that are very vast. Infect she wants to tell that she has been migrated from these cities. She claims she has lost some status, rivers and a continent. She tells that she misses them bitterly but it can’t create any disaster. Poetess indicates that every human being loves his own motherland city and even continent. If he she loses all these places, there will not be created any unusual event. She also intenfies her believe that no calamity will be created if we loss big thing or small.

In these lines she indicates her love for which she has been parted with. Here she created humorous tone in her verses to make fun of the love. She says that she will not tell a lie saying this that she felt no disaster even losing her love. She says, through, it seems very difficult that one lives any person but its not extraordinary to do such things.

THE SOLITARY REAPER REFRENCE: These lines have been taken form ‘the solitary reaper’ written by

‘William Wordsworth’. CONTEXT: In this poem poet mentions a solitary highland girl, who sings a melancholy song. Which is unknown for the poet. Poet is very much inspired by the tune of song and conjectures about its theme. EXPLANAT ION: Poet indicates a lovely highland girl who stands in the field for working. She is reaping the crops by her own self. During her work, she is singing a song, which inspired the poet very much. He address to stop there or goes through calmly and quietly. Infect he doesn’t want to disturb her contrition. As she has been absolved so much in her own work and singing. This scene and atmosphere is very touchy for the poet. Poet describes her activities in the field where she cuts and binds the grains by her own self. She sings a sad song during her working. Immediately, her song inspires poet. He feels that the whole very is resounding her song. May be her song is being raised in his own imagination. But these lines show that he feels the thrill of the song in his whole body. He feels the sound of the song in every object of the valley. In these lines poet compares the song of girl to the wise of Nighthingale, which seems very melodious to the extorted travelers. Poet tells that the song of Nighthingale spells the weary bands of travelers. As they are all ready looking for oasis? Nighthingale is the favorite bird of Wordsworth, who often uses ‘it’ in his poems. He is also much inspired by the voice of Nighthingale. But the song of the highland girl inspires him fully that he is compelled to prefer this song to the voice of the Nighthingale. In these lines poet described his feeling for the song that are worth thinking here he again prefers the song to the voice of Cuckoo-bird. He says it is the voice full of life and emotions that “Cuckoo” is not able to raise such cry in the spring season. The poet mentions the highland of Hebrides where atmosphere is very silent and peaceful. In this silent and lifeless atmosphere, Cuckoo sings joyous songs, which is the indication of life and cooler of spring. So the voice of Cuckoo very joy full but poet prefers the song to such joyous song of the Cuckoo. In these lines, poet questions by him self whether some one tell him what she is singing infect he longs to know the language of the song. Despite his desire, he is not being able to understand the language. So he conjectures about the language of the song. He says she may sing about the unhappy event. She may sing very old battles that have been fought in the ancient era. All these conjectures show the intense desire of the poet who is eager to know the theme of the song.