PMMPerpetual Motion Machine

Sam

It’s not a dream?

Are you kidddddddding me?

IN FACT…

History

People have dreamed about this since 1200.

In 1500 Leonardo Da Vinci

In 1670 John Wilkins

The perpetual machine of the first kind

Violates the Law of Conservation of Energy

Laws of conservation of energyLaws of conservation of energy

• The total amount of energy in an isolated system remains constant. A consequence of this law is that energy cannot be created or destroyed.

The perpetual machine of the second kind

???Could they achieve?

Comparison

First kind• Produces energy from

NOTHING, giving the user unlimited ‘free’ energy.

• Violates the Law of Conservation of Energy

Second kind• A machine which

spontaneously converts thermal energy into mechanical work.

• This need not violate the law of conservation of energy!

WOULD THEY SUCCEED?

Maxwell’s demon

The perpetual machine of the second kind

Violates the Second Law of Thermodynamics

The second law of thermodynamicsThe second law of thermodynamics

• Initially: In a system, a process that occurs will tend to increase the total entropy of the universe.

• Clausius statement: Heat generally cannot spontaneously flow from a material at lower temperature to a material at higher temperature.

• Kelvin statement: It is impossible to convert heat completely into work.

People just can’t stop dreaming…People just can’t stop dreaming…You are all lying!

Nowadays…

What can we learn?What can we learn?

• The laws of nature can’t be broken, and we all have to obey the laws.

• Science is useful.

• Don’t FIGHT against the NATURE!

And we could learn

Sometimes MISTAKE can make PROGRESS

That’s all. Thank you and thanks to

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