Plate Tectonics. Major Divisions of Earth Plate Tectonics.
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Transcript of Plate Tectonics. Major Divisions of Earth Plate Tectonics.
Plate Tectonics
Plate Tectonics
MajorDivisionsof Earth
Plate Tectonics
DifferentProperties
Plate Tectonics
Rigid
Plate Tectonics
Plastic
The outer layer is the thinnest
= Crust
Two kinds of Crust
Plate Tectonics
• continental crust:
thicker, light
(granite)
• oceanic:thinner, dense
(basalt)
Plate Tectonics
2.7g/cm³
3.3 g/cm³
• Each Tectonic Plate: Oceanic crust
or
Oceanic & Continental crust
Plate Tectonics
• Each Tectonic Plate: Oceanic crust
or
Oceanic & Continental crust
(none with continent only)
Plate Tectonics
• Oceanic crust or
Oceanic & Continental crust
Plate Tectonics
• Active continental margin:
leading edge of plate
(earthquakes, volcanoes, steep mountains)
Plate Tectonics
• Passive continental margin:
trailing edge of continent
(eroded mountains, flat plains, little activity)
Plate Tectonics
http://www.simonwinchester.com/images/map1_large.jpg
http://www.simonwinchester.com/images/map1_large.jpg
Act
ive
mar
gin
Pas
sive
mar
gin
Plate Tectonics
Classification of Plate Boundaries
Plate Tectonics
I. Divergent Boundaries: • tension = pull apart
• normal faults
Plate Tectonics
I. Divergent Boundaries: • tension = pull apart
• normal faults
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Plate Tectonics
I. Divergent Boundaries: • new ocean crust formed • mid-ocean ridge with a rift valley down the middle
Plate Tectonics
I. Divergent Boundaries:
young basin
Plate Tectonics
I. Divergent Boundaries:
mature basin
Plate Tectonics
I. Convergent Boundaries:
• compression = push
together
• reverse faults
Plate Tectonics
I. Convergent Boundaries:
• compression = push
together
• reverse faults
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Plate Tectonics
I. Convergent Boundaries:
• folding & uplift earthquakes
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Plate Tectonics
Three kinds of
Convergent Margins(Crust Type)
oc - ococ - cont.
cont. - cont.
Plate Tectonics
IIa. Ocean - Ocean
• deep sea trench
• subduction zone (recyle)
• volcanoes & uplift
Aleutians, Japan, Philippines, Indonesia
Plate Tectonics
IIb. Ocean - Continent
• deep sea trench
• subduction zone (recycle ocean side)
• volcanoes & major uplift
Plate Tectonics
IIb. Ocean - Continent
Andes, Cascades
Plate Tectonics
IIc. Continent - Continent
• collision
• no subduction, no vulconism (can't recyle continents)
• heat & pressure, folding & major uplift
Plate Tectonics
IIc. Continent - Continent
Himalayas
Plate Tectonics
III. Transform Plate boundaries
• shear = sliding past in opposite directions
• lateral movement with earthquakes
Plate Tectonics
III. Transform Plate boundaries
CaliforniaSan Andreas fault