MARGINS Education/Outreach Activities at the MARGINS-IFREE IBM Workshop, and Beyond
Plate Margins on a flat planet
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Transcript of Plate Margins on a flat planet
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Plate Margins on a flat planet
Constructive Convergent
Transform LL
Transform RL
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http://www.gasd.k12.pa.us/~dpompa/Mini%20Lecture.html
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Plattenränder:a) Konstruktiv (mittelozeanischer Rücken), Spreizungsrate 2cm/yrc) Destruktiv (Subduktionszone), Subduktionsrate 10cm/yre) Konservativ (Transformstörung), Relativbewegung 6cm/yrb) Relativbewegung A/B = 4cm/yrd) Ibid 10cm/yrf) Ibid 6cm/yr
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6 Arten dextraler (rechtshändiger) Transform-Störungen:
a) Rücken/Rücken (die häufigste Transform Störung in ozeanischen Becken)b)/c) Rücken/Subduktiond)/e)/f) Subduktion/Subduktion ( häufige Transformstörung auf Kontinenten)
z.B. San Andreas
(Es gibt ebenso 6 sinistrale (linkshändige) Transform Störungen.)
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Rogers, 2008
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Hot spot
www.tulane.edu/.../geol204/volclandforms.htm www.gasd.k12.pa.us/~dpompa/Mini%20Lecture.html
www.geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de/~schmelin/
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Hot spot
www.tulane.edu/.../geol204/volclandforms.htm www.gasd.k12.pa.us/~dpompa/Mini%20Lecture.html
www.geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de/~schmelin/
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Hotspots
Dataset from Smithsonian (not all point are real hotsp
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Inverting for the plates Euler pole
Rigid plate rotation: V = Ω x P
V·n = Vn
V·e = Ve
Rogers, 2008
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Example AF EU motion at GibraltarEulerian pole :
Ω = (-0.1728, 0.1327,-0.1059) deg/Myr)
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Coordinates Gibraltar 36N 6W (-6E)
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Vn = n ·(Ω x r) = (r x n) ·Ω
Ve = e ·(Ω x r) = (r x e) ·Ω
(r x n)x (r x n)y (r x n)z Ωx Vn(r x e)x (r x e)y (r x e)z Ωy Ve
Ωz
Invert for Ω that minimizes residual (Vcomputed - Vobserved)
Inverting for the plates Euler pole
Rigid plate rotation: V = Ω x r
V·n = Vn
V·e = Ve
· =
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CO NZ pole:4.8N 124.3W 1.36 deg/Myr
V @ 7.5N 82W:
67.8 mm/yr
N359E
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Rogers, 2008
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Beispiel: Mittelatlanik Relativbewegung Afrika, Südamerika wird durcheinen Pol nahe des Nordpols beschrieben.Dieser lässt sich aus der Orientierung derTransformstörungen im mittleren Atlantik bestimmen.Die Relativbewegung Amerika/Afrika ist in diesemSegment besonders groß, bedingt durch den fast 90 Grad Abstand zum Rotationspol
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How fast plates move ???
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Processed GPS data for Pacific plate in IGSb00 reference frame
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Stable Pacific plate reference frame
Residual motion of GPS stations w.r.t. Pacfic plate Euler vector
63.69° S110.77° E
0.679+0.002
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Transform fault???Only for constructive margines!
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Velocity Of EU wrt AF
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Marshak, 2005
Where do Eqs occur?
Earthquake are release of elastic strain accumulated due to deformation.
If plate are rigid must be at plate boundaries!
In subduction zone the thermal advection play a big role on location of earthquakes.
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How many plates???
Seismicity from USGS Volcanoes from Smithsonian institute
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How many plates???
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NA EU pole:62N 135E