Plate Boundaries. Why do we care about plate boundaries?
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Transcript of Plate Boundaries. Why do we care about plate boundaries?
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Plate Boundaries
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Plate Boundaries
Why do we care about plate boundaries?
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Plate Boundaries
Volcanoes and earthquakes most often occur where tectonic plates come together.
At plate boundaries, many other geologic features, such as mountains and rift valleys, can also occur.
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Plate Boundaries
There are three basic types of plate boundaries:
1. Divergent2. Convergent3. Transform Fault Boundary
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Divergent Boundary
A divergent boundary occurs where two plates move apart and create a gap between them.
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Divergent Boundary
Hot rock rises from asthenosphere and cools to form new lithospheric rock.
Diverging plates then pull newly formed lithosphere away from gap.
New lithospheric (oceanic crust) is formed.
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Divergent Boundary
Mid-oceanic ridges are mountain ranges at divergent boundaries in oceanic crust.
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Divergent Boundary
Real Life Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Mid-Atlantic Ridge runs through Atlantic Ocean from Arctic Ocean to an area off the southern tip of South America.
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Convergent Boundary
A convergent boundary occurs where two plates move toward one another.
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Convergent Boundaries
There are two types of convergent boundaries:
1. Subduction2. Collision
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Convergent Boundary - Subduction
Subduction is the process by which one lithospheric plate moves beneath another plate.
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Convergent Boundary - Subduction
Ocean – Ocean
Two oceanic plates collide
Generates volcanoesGenerates island
chains
Real World Example Japan
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Convergent Boundary - Subduction
Ocean – Continent
Oceanic and continental plate collide
A thin, dense oceanic plate collides with a relatively light, thick continental plate, the oceanic plate is forced under the continental plate
Real World Example Andes Mountains
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Convergent Boundary - Collision
Continental – Continental
Two continental plates collide
Real World Example Himalayas
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Transform Fault Boundary
A transform fault boundary occurs where two plates slide past one another.
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Transform Fault Boundary
Plate movement at transform fault boundaries is one cause of earthquakes.
Real World Example San Andreas
Fault
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http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo/animations/ch2.htm
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0804/es0804page01.cfm?chapter_no=08