Plate Boundaries. Continental Drift Review Breakup of Pangaea Future Plate Movement Animation.
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Transcript of Plate Boundaries. Continental Drift Review Breakup of Pangaea Future Plate Movement Animation.
Plate Boundaries
Continental Drift Review
• Breakup of Pangaea
• Future Plate Movement Animation
Sea Floor Spreading
• http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0803/es0803page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
What causes plates to move?
A- Ridge push- Material from mid-ocean ridges pushes the plates
B- Convection Currents- in the mantle, molten rock rises, cools, then sinks, pushing the plates with the current
C- Slab Pull- Gravity pulls cooler, denser plates into mantle
Diagram
Plate Boundaries
• Convergent- “coming together”
• Divergent- “separating”
• Transform- “scraping past”
Convergent Boundaries
• There are 3 types:– Continental-Continental– Continental-Oceanic– Oceanic-Oceanic
Continental-Continental Collisions
• Responsible for creating…
– continental mountain ranges• Examples:
– Himalayas – The Alps
Continental-Continental CollisionsDIAGRAM
Convergent boundary
MANTLE
(Asthenosphere)
Mountain Range
2 converging continental plates
2 converging continental plates
Continental-Oceanic Collisions
• Also called a Subduction zone
• Responsible for creating…– Volcano ranges– Oceanic Trenches (write this in)
• Example:– Cascade Range (WA and OR)– Andes mountains
Continental-Oceanic CollisionsDiagram
Continental CrustOceanic Plate
MANTLE
(Asthenosphere)
Trench
Convergent boundary-subduction zone-
The Andes Mountains
Trench
Oceanic-Oceanic Collisions
• Responsible for creating…– Volcanic Island Chains – Oceanic Trenches
• Examples-– Japan, The Phillipines– Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean
Oceanic-Oceanic CollisionsDiagram
Oceanic Plate Oceanic Plate
Trench
MANTLE
(Asthenosphere)
http://www.platetectonics.com/book/images/Convergence2.gif
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/875/20120887.JPG
Mariana Trench-
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Mariana_trench_location.jpg
Divergent Boundaries
“When plates go their separate ways…”
Divergent Boundaries
• Occur when two tectonic plates separate from each other
• Responsible for– Sea-floor spreading – Mid-ocean ridges– Rift valley (on land)
• Examples: Mid-Atlantic Ridge (oceanic); Great Rift Valley (E. Africa)
Divergent Boundary
Diagram
MANTLE(Asthenosphere)
PLATE PLATE
Parting is such sweet sorrow…
Divergent boundary-Two plates move apart-
Animationhttp://www2.nature.nps.gov/GEOLOGY/usgsnps/animate/A48.gif
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Great Rift Valley
earth.imagico.de/views/eafrica_large.jpg
Transform Boundaries
“friction never felt so good”
(unless you live in California)
Transform Boundary
• Occur when two tectonic plates scrape past each other horizontally
• Responsible for most earthquakes – Earthquakes can occur at any plate boundary
• Example: San Andreas Fault, CA
Transform BoundaryDiagram
San Andreas Fault, CA
http://nationalatlas.gov/articles/geology/features/images/sanandreas.jpg
http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/graphics/San_Andreas.gif
Wrapping Up
• http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0804/es0804page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization