Plants: Presentation One for Spaced Learning
Transcript of Plants: Presentation One for Spaced Learning
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PLANTS: A SPACED LEARNING LESSON
1st Presentation – No paper or pencils!!
By: Andrea Kirk
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NONVASCULAR PLANTS
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NONVASCULAR PLANTS
Nonvascular: These plants lack vascular tissue to transport water and nutrients. They rely on simple diffusion to move water,
and must live in a moist environment. Cannot grow very tall because they lack
vascular tissue. Lack true roots, stems, or leaves. Some
have root-like structures called rhizoids Includes Mosses, Liverworts, and
Hornworts
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NONVASCULAR PLANTS
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NONVASCULAR PLANTS
Life Cycle: The gametophyte is the dominant
generationDoes not utilize seeds, but uses wind
blown spores to disperse the offspring.Flagellated sperm requires water to
reach and fertilize the egg; another reason why they must live in a moist area.
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SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS
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VASCULAR PLANTS
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VASCULAR PLANTS
Vascular plants have specialized structures:Roots, stems, and leavesDifferentiated tissues: meristematic,
ground, vascular, and dermal tissues. Can grow much taller than nonvascular
plants due to their vascular structures. The life cycle has a dominant sporophyte
generation, in contrast to the dominant gametophyte in nonvascular plants
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TISSUES Vascular plants have differentiated tissues
that perform separate but important functions. Meristematic Tissue: consists of cells that
grow and divide repeatedly. Vascular Tissue: these cells form the xylem
and phloem that transport water and nutrientsGround Tissue: has cells that are rich in
chloroplasts and conducts photosynthesisDermal Tissue: these cells protect the
vascular structures of the plant.
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TISSUES IN VARIOUS PLANT PARTS
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MAIN PLANT PARTS
Roots Stems Leaves
All of these parts contain dermal vascular and ground tissues.
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THE ROOTS
Functions: Anchoring Absorption Storage
Structure: Root Hairs – increase the surface area for more
absorption Zone of Elongation Meristematic Zone – part of the root tip where
cells grow and divide to extend the root. Root Cap – protects the root tip
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STRUCTURE
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STEM
Function: Connects the roots to the leaves and acts as the plumbing for the plant
Structure: Xylem:
One way Transports water and minerals upward Stiff, thick walls
Phloem Two way Transports products of photosynthesis and water up
and down Perforated walls
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STRUCTURE
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STRUCTURE
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LEAVES
Function: Capture the sunlight and are the main area of photosynthesis for the plant.
Structure: Leaf Margins:
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LEAVES
Leaf Types
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LEAF STRUCTURE
Cuticle – waxy and water repellent. Excreted by the epidermis
Epidermis - outer layer of cells Palisade Mesophyll – elongated cells that
contain a lot of chlorophyll Spongy Mesophyll – Round irregular cells that
allow for gas exchange Stoma – opening in the leaves for water and
gas movement (more on the bottom of leaf) Guard Cells – “Guard” the stoma to open and
close it. Vein – contains the xylem and phloem for the
leaf.
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LEAF STRUCTURE
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PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Reactants Products
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TYPES OF VASCULAR PLANTS
Seed: Gymnosperms Angiosperms
Seedless: Ferns Whisk ferns Horsetails
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTS
Gymnosperms: Ginkgos, Gnetales, cycads, and
conifers“naked seeds” that are not enclosed in a
protective structure. The ovule normally develops on the surface of a scale (cone) or at the tip of a modified leaf.
Conifers are the most abundant gymnosperms and include pine trees
Life Cycle: The Sporophyte is the dominant portion of the life cycle.
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GYMNOSPERMS
Ginkgo
Conifer
Gnetales
Cycad
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTS Gymnosperms:
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTS
AngiospermsThe most diverse group of land
plants.“Flowering plants” - the ovule
develops inside a protective ovary. The mature ovary becomes a fruit.
Life Cycle: The sporophyte is dominant. Double fertilization occurs to produce an endosperm, the food supply, and a zygote.
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTS Angiosperms
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTSAngiosperms
Two main divisions of flowering plants.Monocotyledon: Monocots
One cotyledon (seed leaf) Flower parts in threes Parallel leaf veins Scattered vascular bundles
Dicotyledon: Dicots Two cotyledons Flower parts in fours and fives Net-like leaf veins Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring.
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SEED VASCULAR PLANTS Seed structure
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SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS Include whisk ferns, ferns, club
mosses, and horsetails.Life Cycle: The sporophyte is
dominantUse windblown spores, not seeds, to
disperse their offspring.The sperm is flagellated and requires
water to reach the egg. These plants are limited to moist areas
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SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS
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SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS
Sorus = cluster of sporangia that can be located on the underside of a fern leaf.
Sporangia = enclosure of spores
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SEEDLESS VASCULAR PLANTS: FERN
Fiddlehead:An uncurling frond
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BRAIN BREAK
Stretch! 2 minutes
Push-up/sit-ups Grab a partner Do as many push ups or sit ups as you can while
your partner counts for you 4 minutes
Switch and count your partners push ups and sit ups! 4 minutes