Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction: Plants being remade without sex cells (egg or sperm/pollen)
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Transcript of Plant Reproduction Asexual Reproduction: Plants being remade without sex cells (egg or sperm/pollen)
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Plant Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction: Plants being remade without sex cells (egg or sperm/pollen)
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Asexual Reproduction
A. Tip and Stem layering – stem comes in contact with ground and develops roots.
Ex. Raspberry bushes
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Asexual Reproduction
B. Cuttings – stem/leaves placed in water; start to develop roots.
Ex. Geraniums
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Asexual Reproduction
C. Grafting – take a twig from one plant and attach to stem of another.
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Asexual Reproduction
D. Budding – attach the end bud from one plant to another.
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Asexual Reproduction
E. Runners – stems that extend along ground and “plant themselves”.
Ex. Strawberries
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Asexual Reproduction
F. Bulb and corm duplication – onions, daffodils, tulips. Flower is at center.
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Asexual Reproduction
G. Rhizome – stem growing below ground.
Ex. Grass
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Asexual Reproduction
H. Tubers – “eyes” are modified rhizomes that will develop into plant.
Ex. Potato
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Seeds
Definition: An embryo plant with a food supply and a protective coat.
Function of seed parts
a. Testa – seed coat
b. Cotyledon – embryo leaf
c. Radicle – root tip
d. Epicotyl – embryo stem
f.
f.
d.
b.
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Seeds
Definition: An embryo plant with a food supply and a protective coat.
Function of seed parts
e. hypocotyl – embryo root
f. endosperm – starch for embryo f.
f.
b.
WHY WOULD A PLANT NEED ITS OWN FOOD SUPPLY?
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Function of Seed Parts
Hilum – where seed attaches to seed pod.
Micropyle – where fertilization of egg took place.
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Germination
Definition – The development of a seed into a plant.
Germination requirements:
A. water
B. oxygen
C. Correct temperatureWHY NOT LIGHT?
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Label flower and give function of parts
1. Sepals (ALL – calyx)
A. green; leaf-like
B. Protect bud before opening
2. Petals (ALL – corolla)
A. Protection
B. Attract pollenators (bees, etc.)
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Label flower and give function of parts
3. Stamen – male structure
A. Anther – produces pollen
B. Filament – Holds anther up high; aids pollination
C. Pollen – plant sperm
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Label flower and give function of parts
4. Pistil – female structure
A. Ovary – creates eggs, becomes fruit
B. Ovules (eggs) – turn into seeds if fertilized
C. Style – supports stigma
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Label flower and give function of parts
4. Pistil – female structure
D. Stigma – pollen sticks to it
5. Receptacle – point of stem where flower meets stem
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Variations existing in flowers
a.Perfect flower – both male and female parts are present on same flower
b.Imperfect flower – only has male OR female parts
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PUMPKIN FLOWERS ARE IMPERFECT.
WHICH PUMPKIN FLOWER IS THE FEMALE?
HOW DO YOU KNOW?
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Variations existing in flowers
a.Complete flower – All parts present
b.Incomplete flower – missing one or more of main parts
PETALS MISSING
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Type of pollination
1.Define pollination – transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
2. Self-pollination – pollen from same plant pollinate its own flowers
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Type of pollination
1.Define pollination – transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
3. Cross-pollination – pollen exchanged between flowers
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Fertilization
1.Pollen released from anther and sticks to stigma
2. Pollen tube (corn silk) grows down style to deliver sperm to ovary
FertilizationPollen tube animation
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Three main pollinators
1.Insects/animals – attracted by “bright” petal
2. Wind
3. water/rain
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Flowers to fruit
1.If fertilization happens, ovary develops into fruit with seeds inside.
2. If no fertilization, flower dies and falls off.
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Various methods of seed dispersal
1.Mechanical
2. Wind -
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NminPy_ZGpk
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Function of Seed Parts
Testa – seed coat
Cotyledon – starch (energy source) for embryo
Radicle – embryo root tip
Hypocotyl – embryo root
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Function of Seed Parts
Epicotyl – embryo leaf
Cotyledon – starch (energy source) for embryo