Planning the Conversion System

7/27/2019 Planning the Conversion System

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THE NEED FORGOOD FACILITIES PLANNING

1. Plant facilities influence operating costs andprofits.

2. Planning allows facilities and its operations(OSHA, ISO 14001, etc.) to comply with lawsand/or regulations.

3. Facilities are fixed investments involving highcapital-cost expenditures.

4. Facilities are inflexible and long term

commitments.5. The planning, design and construction of facilities

require long lead times.

6. Good planning helps to avoid disruptions in

production and shipping or delivery.


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THE NEED FORGOOD FACILITIES PLANNING

7. The quality of facilities influences the attitudes of and theability to attract suitable employees.

8. Industrial facilities must be planned to meet anticipated futurerequirements yet compete profitably today.

9. Facilities need to be planned for an appropriate degree offlexibility, expandability, versatility

10. Good plans help management to take advantage of businessopportunities that arise.

11. Good planning is an aid to obtain approval and financing

monies.12. Good planning reduces the high materials handling $

resulting from ad hoc expansion of plant facilities.


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Planning the ConversionSystem

Successful operations depend on

Physical layout facility

Flows of materialProductivity


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Types of manufacturing and service operations

Intermittent operations

For made to order productsLow product volume

General purpose equipment

Labour intense operations

Interrupted product flowFrequent schedule changes

Large product mix


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Continuous operation

Standardized product made to store inventory

High product volumeSpecial purpose equipment

Capital intense operation

Continuous product flowSmall product mix


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Basic layouts:

Layout : physical configuration of departments,

workstations and equipment in the conversionprocess. The spatial arrangement of physicalresources used to create the product

Type

Process oriented

Product oriented

Fixed position


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Plant Layout

A Systematic Layout Planning(SLP) Approach


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Product layout

For producing one standardized product Usuallylarge in volume

Each unit of output requires the same sequence ofoperation from beginning to end

Work centers and equipment are ideally arranged in

a line to afford a specialized sequence of tasksExamples

Automatic car washes, cafeterias, automobile makers,beverage bottlers


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TYPES OF MANUFACTURING

LAYOUT CONFIGURATIONS

I. Product Line Layout

Product

A

B

C

Lathe Mill Grind

Lathe

Lathe

Drill

Seal

wash

Wash


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CHARACTERISTICS

High volume production

Special purpose machines and

material handling equipment Throughput rates--high

Work-in-process--low

Setup/Run time ratio--low

System is very inflexible

Control is relatively simple


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TYPES OF MANUFACTURING LAYOUT CONFIGURATIONS

GOAL: GAIN the advantages and efficiency of high volume production in aLOW/MEDIUM VOLUME (FLEXIBLE) ENVIRONMENT.

II. Flow Line Workcell

T T T

M M T M

D D M D

SG CG CG D

SG

T = turningD = drilling

M = milling

CG = center grinding

SG = surface grinding


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Process layout

For intermittent operations

Work centers or departments are grouped togetheraccording to their functional type

Examples

Distribution warehouses

Hospitals

Universities

Office buildings

Job shops


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Fixed position layout is appropriate when becauseof size shape or any other characteristic it is notfeasible to move the product

eg ship building home plumbing repair business etc

Often a combination of layouts may be used . Most

typically a process layout is combined with aproductlayout

Planning the Conversion System

Documents

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