Planning for Integrated Programs within USAID program cycles Overview
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Planning for Integrated Programs within USAID program cycles
Overview
Presenter: Diane Russell
Treasure, Turf and Turmoil: The Dirty Dynamics of Land and Natural Resource Conflict
February 2011
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Objectives of module 2
By the end of this module, participants will be able to:
• Describe the program cycle• Understand the important role that integrated assessment
and analysis plays as the starting point for programming• Use selected assessment tools
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What is an “integrated approach”?
A combination and synthesis of concepts, tools, objectives and theories from different fields
Integration can take different forms, e.g.•Tools and methodologies from each field may be used separately, then the results combined•Special integrated tools and methodologies can be designed
Works best if activities are integrated right from the start.
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Integrated programming overview
The fundamentals:
• Get the right mix of people
and skills• Expect debates and trade-offs:
integration isn’t easy• Integration is an ongoing process, not an event• There are tools and approaches but no blue-
prints: adapt as necessary
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The program cycle
Adaptive Management
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Integrated programming: The assessment phase
• Sets the tone and often the parameters for future programming
• It MUST therefore integrate different sectors and perspectives
• Should take a broad view, rather than narrowing down too quickly
• Preliminary mapping of context, issues, and actors
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The assessment phase
• Desk-based or field-based• “Cast a wide net” • If field-based, consult with
key actors from the start• An assessment should be
a chance to learn, not just provide opinions
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Integrate for success!
• Ensures that programming addresses key drivers of change and root causes of conflict
• Technical fixes that ignore drivers and root causes will be quickly undermined
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Failure to integrate is expensive
• Wasted resources• Negative impacts on other
USAID programs• Potential criticism and negative
evaluations• Time and money involved in
bringing in new actors late in the program cycle
• Risks of exacerbating existing conflict dynamics
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A cautionary tale
Cambodia LMAP land tenure project:• National-scale land tenure reform • Didn’t secure indigenous rights• Didn’t properly classify forest resources
Resulted in land grabbing, displacement, environmental degradation
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The Good News!
• There are plenty of tools, principles and approaches to guide integrated assessment and programming