PLANET EARTH (GEOGRAPHY: TYPE OF LAND AND ITS …
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i PLANET EARTH (GEOGRAPHY: TYPE OF LAND AND ITS FORMATION) SITI NURSUHAILAH NASUHA BINTI KHAIRUL PATAH BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN 2019
Transcript of PLANET EARTH (GEOGRAPHY: TYPE OF LAND AND ITS …
i
PLANET EARTH
(GEOGRAPHY: TYPE OF LAND AND ITS FORMATION)
SITI NURSUHAILAH NASUHA BINTI KHAIRUL PATAH
BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(INFORMATICS MEDIA) WITH HONOURS
FACULTY OF INFORMATICS AND COMPUTING
UNIVERSITI SULTAN ZAINAL ABIDIN
2019
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DECLARATION
This dissertation is submitted as a partial fulfillment for the award of a Bachelor of
Information Technology (Informatics Media) with Honours at the University Sultan Zainal
Abidin (UniSZA). The work is the result of my own investigations. All sections of the text
and results which have been obtained from other workers / sources are fully referenced. I
understand that cheating and plagiarism constitute a breach of University regulations and
will be dealt with accordingly.
________________________________
Name : Siti Nursuhailah Nasuha Binti Khairul Patah
Date : ………………………………………………….
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APPROVAL
This project report entitled Planet: Earth Geography - Type of Land and Its
Formation was prepared and submitted by Siti Nursuhailah Nasuha Binti Khairul Patah,
matrix number 044627 and has been found satisfactory in terms of scope, quality and
presentation as partial fulfillments of the requirements for the Bachelor of Information
Technology (Informatics Media) With Honours in Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
(UniSZA).
________________________________
Name : Puan Hasni Binti Hassan
Date : 8th May, 2019
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DEDICATION
First and foremost, praised be to Allah, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful
for blessing me and giving me the opportunity to undergo and accomplish my final year
project, - Planet Earth: Geography - Type of Land and Its Formation. I would like to take
this opportunity to thank my supervisor, Puan Hasni Binti Hassan for her teachings,
guidance, patience, and motivations towards this project.
I would also like to thank to my family for their support and understanding while
completing this project and all the lectures in Faculty Informatics for teaching and helping
me by giving ideas in order to complete my final year project. Not forgetting all my friends
for their teaching, high technical supports and good skills. I really appreciate for their help,
support and kindness.
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ABSTRAK
Di zaman yang serba moden ini, maklumat dan juga teknologi merupakan sesuatu
yang amat penting dan tidak boleh dipisahkan dari kehidupan manusia. Kita mendapat
maklumat dari pelbagai sumber yang ada seperti internet, majalah, buku, surat khabar dan
sebagainya. Medium yang paling kerap sekali digunakan adalah melalui medium
perantaraan dunia internet. Sememangnya aplikasi mudah alih merupakan satu teknologi
yang semakin diberi perhatian kebelakangan ini. Kemajuan di dalam teknologi berasaskan
telefon pintar akhir-akhir ini telah banyak mempengaruhi perkembangan beberapa bidang
lain, termasuk pengajaran dan pembelajaran, contohnya subjek geografi.
Oleh itu, aplikasi mudah alih ini dibangunkan bagi membantu guru dan pelajar
sebagai alat tambahan bagi membantu proses pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Aplikasi ini
dibangunkan dalam bentuk animasi dan multimedia bagi menarik minat pelajar untuk
mendalami subjek tersebut supaya senang faham dan hafal. Di samping itu, pembelajaran
geografi ini adalah perlu untuk membantu pelajar supaya faham dengan lebih baik. Planet
Earth: GEOGRAPHY - Type Of Land And Its Formation adalah salah satu topik yang
dipilih dalam buku teks geografi tingkatan satu dan dioleh dalam bentuk aplikasi untuk
membantu menarik minat pelajar. Sebagai kesimpulan, adalah menjadi harapan bahawa
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projek ini boleh menjadi titik permulaan untuk pengalaman pengajaran dan pembelajaran
geografi yang lebih baik.
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ABSTRACT
In these modern times, information and technology are something that is very
important and inseparable from human lives. We get information from various sources such
as internet, magazines, books, newspapers and so on. The most commonly used medium is
through the medium of Internet. Mobile applications is a technology that has been
increasingly addressed lately. The advancements in smartphone-based technology lately
have greatly affected the development of several other areas, including teaching and
learning process, for example; the teaching of geography subject.
Thus, mobile application was developed to help students and teachers as an
additional tool for teaching and learning. This application was developed in the form of
animation and multimedia elements to attract students to explore and learn geography. In
addition, this geography learning application is deemed necessary to help students better
understand the subject materials. - Planet Earth: GEOGRAPHY - Land Types and Its
Formation is one of the topics selected in form one geography textbook. In conclusion, it
is hoped that this project could be of assistance for a better experience in teaching and
learning geography.
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CONTENTS
DECLARATION ......................................................................................................................... ii
APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................ iii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................................... v
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................ vii
CHAPTER 1 ................................................................................................................................. 1
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND ................................................................................. 1
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT ................................................................................... 3
1.3 OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................... 3
1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................. 4
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT ....................................................................... 4
1.7 EXPECTED RESULTS ....................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 ................................................................................................................................. 6
LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................................... 6
2.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 6
2.2 COMPARISON ON EXISTING PROJECTS. ..................................................... 7
2.3 SUMMARY ........................................................................................................ 12
CHAPTER 3 ............................................................................................................................... 13
METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................... 13
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3.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 13
3.2 ADDIE MODEL ................................................................................................. 14
3.3.1 Requirements Analysis ............................................................................... 15
3.3.2 Design .......................................................................................................... 15
3.3.3 Development ................................................................................................ 16
3.3.4 Implementation ............................................................................................ 16
3.3.5 Evaluation .................................................................................................... 16
3.4.1 Software ....................................................................................................... 17
3.5 APPLICATION DESIGN ................................................................................... 18
3.5.1 Project Implementation Approach ............................................................... 19
3.5.2 Navigation Map. .......................................................................................... 19
3.5.3 Storyboard .................................................................................................... 21
3.6 CHAPTER SUMMARY ..................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER 4 ............................................................................................................................... 22
IMPLIMENTATION ............................................................................................................... 22
4.1 SPECIFICATIONS OF MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS ...................................... 22
4.1.1 Button ........................................................................................................... 22
4.1.2 Audio ............................................................................................................ 23
4.1.3 Video ............................................................................................................ 23
4.1.4 Animation .................................................................................................... 24
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4.1.5 Concept ........................................................................................................ 24
4.2 APPLICATION IMPLEMENTATION .............................................................. 24
4.3.1 Application Startup ...................................................................................... 25
4.3.2 Interface of Introduction. ............................................................................. 27
4.3.2 Interface of Land Formation. ....................................................................... 28
4.3.3 Interface of Quiz .......................................................................................... 32
CHAPTER 5 ............................................................................................................................... 37
CONCLUSION .......................................................................................................................... 37
5.1 PROJECT ACHIEVEMENT .............................................................................. 37
5.2 PROJECT CONTRIBUTIONS / PROJECT BENEFITS ................................... 38
5.3 CONSTRAINTS / CHALLENGES .................................................................... 38
5.5 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................... 39
REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 41
APPENDIX ................................................................................................................................. 42
APPENDIX A ................................................................................................................ 42
APPENDIX B ................................................................................................................ 53
APPENDIX C ................................................................................................................ 54
APPENDIX D ................................................................................................................ 58
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 2. 1 Comparison of The Projects or Websites ......................................................... 11
Table 3. 1 Software Specification ...................................................................................... 17
Table 3. 2 Hardware and Justification ............................................................................... 18
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2. 1 The World Geography Games website .............................................................. 7
Figure 2. 2 The Abberley and Malvern Hills Geopark Website .......................................... 8
Figure 2. 3 The National Geographic website ..................................................................... 9
Figure 2. 4 The Oxford Owl website ................................................................................. 10
Figure 3. 1 ADDIE Model Phase ....................................................................................... 14
Figure 3. 2 Navigation Map ............................................................................................... 20
Figure 4. 1 Start up Interface ............................................................................................. 25
Figure 4. 2 Main Page ........................................................................................................ 26
Figure 4. 3 Interface of Introduction .................................................................................. 27
Figure 4. 4 Interface of Land Formation in Malaysia ........................................................ 28
Figure 4. 5 .......................................................................................................................... 28
Figure 4. 6 .......................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 4. 7 .......................................................................................................................... 29
Figure 4. 8 .......................................................................................................................... 30
Figure 4. 9 .......................................................................................................................... 30
Figure 4. 10 ........................................................................................................................ 31
Figure 4. 11 ........................................................................................................................ 31
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Figure 4. 12 Interface of Insert Name User ....................................................................... 32
Figure 4. 13 Interface Level of Quiz .................................................................................. 33
Figure 4. 14 Interface Quiz Easy ....................................................................................... 33
Figure 4. 15 Interface Quiz Medium .................................................................................. 34
Figure 4. 16 Interface Quiz Hard ....................................................................................... 34
Figure 4. 17 Interface Score ............................................................................................... 35
Figure 4. 18 Interface Setting ............................................................................................. 36
Figure 6. 1 Incoming Menu ............................................................................................... 54
Figure 6. 2 Type of Land and Its Formation ...................................................................... 54
Figure 6. 3 Highlands ......................................................................................................... 55
Figure 6. 4 Seafront ............................................................................................................ 55
Figure 6. 5 Lowlands ......................................................................................................... 55
Figure 6. 6 Physical Features Along The Seafront ............................................................ 55
Figure 6. 7 Drainage .......................................................................................................... 56
Figure 6. 8 Quiz 1 .............................................................................................................. 56
Figure 6. 9 Quiz 2 .............................................................................................................. 56
Figure 6. 10 Quiz 3 ............................................................................................................ 56
Figure 6. 11 Setting ............................................................................................................ 57
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LIST OF APPENDIXES
Appendix 1. 1 Key Activities and Timescales In Implementing This Project ................... 58
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND
In the current development of technology, most communities cannot escape the use
of Information Technology and Communications (ICT) sophistication and efficiency. This
phenomenon occurs because humankind face various changes and progress from the era of
agriculture to the industrial era and subsequently into the era of ICT. This paradigm shift
has led to the need for a change in many aspects of lives including educational system in
line with current technology development. It is time for ICT usage skills in the teaching
and learning process including Geography to be emphasized and prioritized. Furthermore,
with the development of the latest geography curriculum that requires high level of
application and thinking skills, it requires changes in the teaching and learning of
Geography that involves critical and creative thinking through a combination of
constructivism, contextual and fieldwork studies.
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This “Planet Earth: GEOGRAPHY - Type of land and its formation” is a project to
develop learning using multimedia in mobile applications. This project aims to make it
easier for users to understand the subject. For example, with this mobile application, users
will have the opportunity to be more familiar with what is being learned since the project
that embraces multimedia elements help users to better understand the subject matters. Not
only the multimedia elements will attract users’ interests in viewing and memorizing, it
will also help them comprehend the process of learning. Additionally, the project is easy
to use can where users learn the subject materials any time, at their own space.
A landform is a feature on the earth's surface that is part of the terrain. (-Douglass,
A. E., 1935). Mountains, hills, plateaus, and plains are the four major types of landforms.
Minor landforms include buttes, canyons, valleys, and basins. Tectonic plate movement
under the Earth can create landforms by pushing up mountains and hills. (-Dietrich, W. E.,
& Perron, J. T., 2006). Both processes happen over a long period of time, sometimes
millions of years. Malaysia has many beautiful terrains and ranges, such as the Titiwangsa
Range, the Crocker Ranges and the highlands of Kapuas Hulu Mountains with varying
altitudes. So, this project aims to encouraging students to use modern technology to keep
pace with today's technology circulation. It also aims to help students to understand the
subject. Additionally, this project is also accessible everywhere.
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1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT
The emphasis on memorization techniques among students might cause students
not to think scientifically. Geography is a new subject to Form One students and sometimes
they find it difficult to understand certain concepts or prone to misinterpret a concept.
Teachers need to diversify the methods of teaching and learning by using more teaching
aids in the process of teaching and learning. Therefore, this project serves as an aid to the
process of teaching and learning in Geography by providing fun learning via interactive
mobile applications to help students understand the subject materials.
1.3 OBJECTIVES
The main objective of this project is to develop a mobile application for students to
learn geography regarding land and its formation. The main objective can be divided into
three, that are:
➢ To design an interactive mobile apps for students to learn geography subject
regarding land and its formation.
➢ To develop mobile applications using multimedia elements that are text, image,
audio, video, and animation.
➢ To evaluate the proposed application.
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1.4 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
Scope is very important in every project to be developed since the scope will
facilitate the selection and determination of elements and contents in the project. This
project is intended to be used by Geography teachers and Form 1 to Form 3 students. It
aims to help students in recognizing the types of land and its formation in Malaysia. The
scope of the project can be defined as in the scope of:
A. Students:
➢ Can achieve the desired learning goals.
➢ Can nurture creative thinking in geography.
➢ Easier to understand and interpret geographic concepts using multimedia
elements.
B. Geography teachers:
➢ Can help facilitate the process of learning by providing appropriate guidelines
or explanation.
1.5 LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
There are also limitations to this project especially regarding mobile application.
First, small screens on touch devices results in reduced context. This tend to be more
difficult for the users to get an overview of the page, compare various options, and
remember prior contents. Besides, using touch devices people use their fingers to click links
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and buttons on the screen, which significantly decrease the accuracy of clicks. This is also
known as the “fat finger problem”.
1.6 REPORT ORGANIZATION
This report is organized as follows. The first chapter provides brief introduction of
the project. Chapter 2 summarizes previous research regarding the technique to learn the
subject of geography with respect to the type of land and its formation. This chapter also
serves the purpose to identify what are the issues, drawbacks, and contributions from the
previous researches. Chapter 3 discusses the methodology used in this study. Chapter 4
focuses on the analysis and the design of the project. Finally, Chapter 5 summarizes the
contributions and the future works of this study.
1.7 EXPECTED RESULTS
The expected results for Planet Earth: Geography - type of land and its formation
using multimedia is to be implemented is a mobile application. That can facilitate the
process of teaching and learning. Furthermore, this mobile application can help students to
improve their learning experience in geography.
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CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Literature review is very significant in any research process prior to developing a
system including the development of a mobile application. The review has been made on
read media and existing websites as reference materials for the mobile applications project
to be developed that is " Planet Earth: Geography - land types and its formation". It was
discovered that the sources for teaching and learning are mostly in the form of reading
materials that are not suitable for the students. Through observations of reading materials
such as power point slides and textbooks, there are several disadvantages, among which is
too much use of texts making them less attractive. Additionally, some references are simply
static and without any interactions.
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2.2 COMPARISON ON EXISTING PROJECTS.
A review of the current learning courseware has been conducted to find out how
other developers implemented their projects. As a result, a few existing interactive project
courseware have been analyzed.
First, the website on World Geography Games is shown in Figure 2.1. This website
provides simple geography learning games regarding the world. – (Patterson, T. C., 2007).
This website brings about many entertaining and stimulating map games to improve
geographical knowledge. The quizzes include questions about countries, capitals, flags,
regions, bodies of water, mountains, deserts, metropolitan areas and other topics that will
test and challenge everyone who wants to explore and learn about the world.
Figure 2. 1 The World Geography Games website
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Secondly, Abberley and Malvern Hills Geopark website as shown in Figure 2.2,
users can read learn about geography. This website has many functions such as, home,
news, calendar and so on. This is a Geopark that can be enjoyed by all and provides the
opportunity to experience and learn about its impressive landscape and all to be found
within it – geology, wildlife, archaeology, art and heritage. The philosophy behind the
Geoparks concept was first introduced at the Digne Convention in 1991 as a means to
protect and promote geological heritage and sustainable local development through a global
network of territories containing geology of outstanding value (Jones, C., 2008).
Figure 2. 2 The Abberley and Malvern Hills Geopark Website
Third, the website of National Geographic is shown in Figure 2.3. The website
allows users to search any information about geography and without having to login.
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Through the world’s best scientists, photographers, journalists, and filmmakers,
National Geographic captivates and entertains a global community through television
channels, magazines, children’s media, travel expeditions, books, maps, consumer
products, location-based entertainment and experiences, and some of the most engaging
digital and social media platforms in the world. A joint venture with 21st Century Fox,
National Geographic reinvests 27% of proceeds to help fund the conservation and
education efforts of the National Geographic Society.
Figure 2. 3 The National Geographic website
Lastly, the website for Oxford Owl is shown in Figure 2.4. This website gives
information to children about learning geography especially the earth. Oxford Owl is an
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award-winning website from Oxford University Press, created to support children’s
learning both at home and at school. Navigating the education system can be tricky
sometimes. The things children are expected to learn and the way they are taught at school
have changed since many of us were at school. As parents, we all want the very best for
our child, but finding the right advice and resources can be a challenge.
Oxford Owl for Home is written specially for parents to help be as well-informed
as you can be, making sure best equipped to help their child have the smoothest journey
through school. From learning to read to understanding a tricky bit of math’s, from the first
day at school to making sense of exams, Oxford Owl can provide the important
information.
Figure 2. 4 The Oxford Owl website
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Based on the literature review regarding the existing courseware, it can be
concluded that there are various type of websites that provide learning about geography.
But there is still no website that provide the courseware multimedia to learn geography
using creative ideas.
Table 2. 1 Comparison of The Projects or Websites
WEB NAME ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE TECHNIQUE
The World
Geography Games
• Easy to use.
• Easy to understand.
• Do not have audio. i. 2D
ii. Multimedia
elements
Abberley and
Malvern Hills
Geopark
• Many function
• Lots of text.
• Crowded interface
iii. 2D picture
National
Geographic
• User can search the
information that
user wants and need.
• Attractive interface
• Very simple.
• Do not have audio
iv. Data based
Oxford Owl • Attractive interface. • So many texts and not
suitable for kid.
v. 2D picture
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2.3 SUMMARY
In conclusion, multimedia technique is very important to make sure that the mobile
applications successfully implemented and can achieved the objectives. Literature review
helps as a guide to develop the Planet Earth: Geography - type of land and its formation
mobile application.
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CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter describes the research method in developing an accessible and usable
mobile application for teachers and students teach and learn geography. Methodology is
the set of complete guidelines that includes the models of tools to carry out research or
design activities. Methodology splits the work into phases of activities for better planning
and management. Planet Earth: GEOGRAPHY - Type of land and its formation mobile
applications development uses ADDIE model as the methodology. It is a systematic way
of accomplishing certain tasks and is defined as a collection of procedures, techniques,
tools and documentation aid that helps a software developer to speed up and simplify the
mobile applications development process. Mobile applications requirement which include
tools and software that are used in mobile applications development are also described in
this chapter.
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3.2 ADDIE MODEL
Addie is an acronym for the five stages of a development process: Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The ADDIE model relies on each stage
being done in the given order but with a focus on reflection and iteration. The model gives
you a streamlined, focused approach that provides feedback for continuous improvement.
The great strength of the ADDIE Model is implied in the title we give it. A model is a
template, a structure, an approach to be used – (Bichelmeyer, B., 2005).
Figure 3. 1 ADDIE Model Phase
3.3 METHODOLOGY PHASE
The explanation of each phase involved in the development of the application called
Planet Earth: GEOGRAPHY - Type of land and its formation is as in the following
subsections.
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3.3.1 Requirements Analysis
The analysis phase is the first stage in the development module of this project. In
this phase, an analysis will be conducted to find the problems that exist for the development
of type of land and its formation applications. Among the important things analyzed are the
types of terrains found in Malaysia and the elements that need to be there to entice users to
use this interactive application. Through this phase, the process of developing this
interactive application will be much easier especially to set the information and choose the
appropriate contents and elements.
3.3.2 Design
The second phase explains the design of the interactive application in the form of
clearer storyboards. This phase also describes the technologies and tools involved. This
level focuses more on the sketches of the storyboard that have been made to tell the whole
idea of interactive application development. Additionally, there is also an overview of the
overall appearance, overall structure of interactive applications, images, texts, buttons and
content of content that can be viewed more clearly as a storyboard as a guide. Storyboard
also helps the development process so that every design used corresponds to the content of
the bricks.
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3.3.3 Development
This phase is the process of developing the entire design and serves as a guideline
for the authoring process. The development process is a process where all elements will be
incorporated into the interactive application using Adobe Flash CS6, Adobe Photoshop and
Adobe Illustrator. This software is selected because it is capable of producing interactive
applications with navigation. In this development stage, development also uses all agreed
approaches or designs at the design stage.
3.3.4 Implementation
Interactive application that has been developed will be tested by the for clarification
and opinion. The purpose of this phase is to detect minor errors that may not be realized
during the project development process.
3.3.5 Evaluation
The last phase is evaluation the process of obtaining user feedback on the contents,
audio, animations, graphics, interface and others contained in the applications either
through supervisors, meeting users, questionnaires, interviews, tests and so on. This action
is intended to ensure that this application is appropriate or not within the scope of the user
set. If there is a feedback stating that it does not fit the needs of the user, the modification
process will be made.
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3.4 APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
In developing a mobile application, application requirements which consist of
software resources and hardware components is necessary to ensure the project that being
developed meets the user requirements. These applications requirements will support the
development and functions of the mobile applications.
3.4.1 Software
Table 3.1 lists the software specification categories that consists of application
software used in developing the mobile applications.
Table 3. 1 Software Specification
No. Categories Software names
1. Application software I. Google chrome version 70.0.3538.102
II. Mozilla Firefox version 61.0.2
III. Adobe photoshop cs6
IV. Adobe flash cs6
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3.4.2 Hardware
Table 3.2 lists the hardware and their justifications in order to perform its function
usually paired with software.
Table 3. 2 Hardware and Justification
No. Tools Minimum Requirements
1. Computer Processing Unit (CPU) Intel ® Core™ i5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHz
2. Installed RAM 12.0 GB DDR4
3. System type 64-bit operating system, x 64-based processor
4. Hard disc Capacity 558GB
5. Pendrive TDK 4GB
6. Printer canon Pixma G2000
3.5 APPLICATION DESIGN
This stages it explains in detail the entire sketch of the storyboard, design and the
technologies involved. This level is more focused on designs that have been rolled out in
the storyboards that the developers have created. In this application it is presented with an
overview of the appearance, shape, structure, graphics, text, content and technology
involved.
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3.5.1 Project Implementation Approach
Interactive applications developed according to designs, storyboards and navigation
that have been made to facilitate the development phase because they are systematic and
organized.
The approach used in this application is an exploration method. This method is a
self-colonization method in which users are able to interact with this interactive application.
Therefore, the navigation buttons provided by the interactive application for the user will
enable the user to use the interactive applications as they wish.
3.5.2 Navigation Map.
This map explains the flow of interactive applications and the content they contain
in the stream. It is important that users can understand the concepts of this application
properly.
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Figure 3. 2 Navigation Map
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3.5.3 Storyboard
Every application that you want to develop should have its own storyboard. It will
be the main guideline in the authoring process of the application. The story sketches explain
the elements to be used and the arrangement of elements in an interface so that the app can
be developed exactly according to the storyboard. In fact it is also used as a reference for
the required contents. Please refer to attachment A.
3.6 CHAPTER SUMMARY
This chapter discusses the general methodology of design research that was chosen
as the major methodology to be followed when doing this study from all phases in this
methodology. It provided four general outputs for design research : proposal that are design
specifications, application, performance measures and the results.
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CHAPTER 4
IMPLIMENTATION
4.1 SPECIFICATIONS OF MULTIMEDIA ELEMENTS
Application design specifications are the most important step in mobile application
development. Important aspects emphasized in developing this application are the design
of application interfaces, based on storyboards and navigation maps. This design is
emphasized as it is the main display for the user. The development of this mobile
application combines multimedia elements to make it more interesting and easy to
understand and at the same time indirectly able to make users interested to use this
application.
4.1.1 Button
Button is one of the methods for users to browse their own mobile application on
their self. In the design of this button, there are buttons that are commonly seen and used
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and have links to each other. This button uses the rollover concept. Each button will expand
when on rollover. This is to show the user that the button works when pressed.
4.1.2 Audio
Audio is very important in producing a mobile application product. It aims to attract
users not to be bored with using this application while making this mobile application more
attractive and easy to use. In this mobile application the background audio has been used
as appropriate. The background audio that is included in this mobile application is based
on the suitability of the theme and the title created to entice users in learning type of land
and its formation . Voice input to tell the introduction of the terrain makes the learning
process becoming more effective.
4.1.3 Video
There is one learning video in each subtopic type of land and its formation to make
it easier for users to understand the subject. The videos generated are self-employed by the
developer using smartphones and drones. The purpose of this video provided in the learning
space is to provide better exposure to users when using this mobile application.
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4.1.4 Animation
The use of animation is also very important to make this courseware more attractive.
The resulting animation is an icon-shaped. Animation is created by inserting different icon
moves to cause a moving effect. Additionally, the effects of animation are also added to
the drawings to show how they apply. This allows users to learn faster than static books
and notes.
4.1.5 Concept
In the design of this application, interface display is used in the form of earth
surface. Most color uses are the colors deemed suitable to topic of study.
4.2 APPLICATION IMPLEMENTATION
Application implementation of this mobile application was done in accordance to
the agreed-upon design of the storyboard sketch and enhanced to make it more interesting
and appropriate to deliver each content more effectively.
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4.3 INPUT-OUTPUT SCREEN-REPORT
4.3.1 Application Startup
Figure 4. 1 Start up Interface
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Figure 4. 2 Main Page
Figure 4.1 shows the front page. On the front cover is the title of the application "the
planet". At the interface of this 4.1 also background audio is played to attract the attention
of users to continue to explore this mobile application. Here users are required to wait as
soon as the loading bar is full for the main menu, figure 4.2. Figure 4.2 is the main page of
this app which contains four buttons introduction, land formation, quiz and settings.
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4.3.2 Interface of Introduction.
Figure 4. 3 Interface of Introduction
Here users are exposed to the introduction of the land that is available in Malaysia with the
inclusion of audio sound.
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4.3.2 Interface of Land Formation.
Figure 4. 4 Interface of Land Formation in Malaysia
Figure 4. 5
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Figure 4. 6
Figure 4. 7
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Figure 4. 8
Figure 4. 9
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Figure 4. 10
Figure 4. 11
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Starting figure 4.4 to figure 4.11 is a summarized note based on the geographical
reference book of form 1 of chapter 6. Based on my referral book, the mobile app is in the
form of animation, video, audio and text.
4.3.3 Interface of Quiz
Figure 4. 12 Interface of Insert Name User
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Figure 4. 13 Interface Level of Quiz
Figure 4. 14 Interface Quiz Easy
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Figure 4. 15 Interface Quiz Medium
Figure 4. 16 Interface Quiz Hard
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Figure 4. 17 Interface Score
Figure 4.12 to figure 4.16 represent- the interface for quizzes. There are three level
of quiz that are easy, medium and hard. The first level is easy, the questions given are based
on the parts of the note provided that the question is in the form of the correct answer pick.
while the second level of the medium is a drag and drop question. Lastly hard level is that
same question with level easy but the question given is difficult. if the user answers the
correct answer, it will exit the correct sound and the wrong will output the sound like the
buzzer. When finished answering all the questions, the score will be displayed.
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4.3.4 Interface of Quiz
Figure 4. 18 Interface Setting
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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
5.1 PROJECT ACHIEVEMENT
Among the achievements of the project that has been developed are:
• Design of "planet earth" interactive application that can help users in learning
geographic subjects.
• Ability to develop "planet earth" interactive application using Adobe Flash CS6 as
main software and with other software support such as Adobe Photoshop CS6,
Adobe Illustrator CS6 and Adobe Premiere CS6.
• Being able to test the developed application of "planet earth" can be played
smoothly in the platform window.
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5.2 PROJECT CONTRIBUTIONS / PROJECT BENEFITS
This mobile application project titled "planet earth" can contribute a lot in helping
the learning process and new knowledge to the user. This is because it contains solid and
easy-to-understand materials and knowledge. This application helps users to learn about
the dimension of the globe with a more effective method with the multimedia elements of
image, audio, animation, video and text. For example, of animations is are folding
mountains in Malaysia, physical features available on the seafront, and so on.
5.3 CONSTRAINTS / CHALLENGES
While managing and developing a project or application, we rarely can handle it
without any constraints and challenges that test us to persist with it. There are some
constraints that I've successfully figured out when I developed this app.
Among the constraints are:
• Lack of experience and knowledge in producing courseware lesson concepts.
• The need to use new technology, e.g. using drone to capture interesting videos on
the types of lands hence it requires some time and experience.
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5.4 FUTURE SUGGESTIONS AND ENHANCEMENTS
This mobile application project titled "planet earth" was successfully completed on
time, but there are still some weaknesses that need to be fixed. However, with this mobile
application it may be a driving force for future generation to produce better mobile
application after studying and improving its weaknesses and shortcomings.
• In terms of content it should show in more attractive forms (e.g.: variety of video).
• Additionally, training and activities should also be added in order to provide
effective training when the users use the application.
• I also find it necessary to add more buttons and functionalities to enhance the
application.
5.5 CONCLUSION
The development of the "planet earth" mobile application is expected to be adopted
in time to become a starting medium for more modern learning in line with the current
globalization era. Efforts to improve the quality of mobile applications need to be further
enhanced as their use in various fields is able to grow much further than those that use the
book as a primary learning medium. When users interact with mobile gadgets in learning,
they will be introduced to a perspective that they have never experienced and introduce
new evolution in the world of education. Through this mobile app it is hoped that it will
provide many benefits to both the teachers and the learners (students). It is also anticipated
that using this kind of application, users will find it easier to understand the lessons than
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traditional methods. Therefore, I hope with the mobile app has been develop, it will be of
a great benefit for consumers, especially those who are taking PT3 where they can have a
better learning experience in the subject of geography.
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REFERENCES
Douglass, A. E. (1935). Dating Pueblo Bonito and other ruins of the Southwest (No. 1).
National Geographic Society.
Dietrich, W. E., & Perron, J. T. (2006). The search for a topographic signature of
life. Nature, 439(7075), 411.
Jones, C. (2008). History of geoparks. Geological Society, London, Special
Publications, 300(1), 273-277
Patterson, T. C. (2007). Google Earth as a (not just) geography education tool. Journal of
Geography, 106(4), 145-152.
Bichelmeyer, B. (2005). The ADDIE model: A metaphor for the lack of clarity in the field
of IDT. IDT Record.
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APPENDIX
APPENDIX A
STORYBOARD ATTACHMENTS
Storyboard 1: The Main Menu
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Storyboard 2: The Main Menu
Storyboard 3: Introduction
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Storyboard 4: Type of Land and Its Formation
Storyboard 5: Highland
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Storyboard 6: Video
Storyboard 7: Info About Highland
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Storyboard 8: The Formation of Mountain Ranges in Malaysia
Storyboard 9: Lowland
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Storyboard 10: The Importance of Lowlands
Storyboard 11: Seafront
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Storyboard 12: Physical Characteristics Seafront
Storyboard 13: Drainage
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Storyboard 14: Drainage Pattern
Storyboard 15: Insert Name to Answer the Quiz
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Storyboard 16: Choose Level
Storyboard 17: Easy Level
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Storyboard 18: Medium Level
Storyboard 19: Hard Level
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Storyboard 20: Score
Storyboard 21: Setting
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APPENDIX B
POSTER
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APPENDIX C
Figure 6. 1 Incoming Menu
Figure 6. 3 Introduction
Figure 6. 2 Main Menu
Figure 6. 2 Type of Land and Its
Formation
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Figure 6. 3 Highlands
Figure 6. 4 Seafront
Figure 6. 5 Lowlands
Figure 6. 6 Physical Features Along The
Seafront
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Figure 6. 7 Drainage
Figure 6. 8 Quiz 1
Figure 6. 9 Quiz 2
Figure 6. 10 Quiz 3
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Figure 6. 11 Setting
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APPENDIX D
ACTIVITIES AND MILESTONES
Gantt Chart that describes key activities and timescales in implementing this project
is shown in Appendix 1.1 and Appendix 1.2.
Appendix 1. 1 Key Activities and Timescales in Implementing This Project
(Final Year Project I)
ACTIVITY
WEEK
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1
1
1
2
1
3
1
4
1
5
Topic Discussion
and Determination
Project Title
Proposal
Proposal Writing
Introduction
Proposal Writing-
Literature Review
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Proposal Progress
Presentation &
Evaluation
Discussion &
Correction Proposal
& Proposed
Solution
Methodology
Proposed Solution
Methodology
Proposed Solution -
Methodology
Proof of Concept
Drafting Report of
Proposal
Drafting Report of
Proposal (Cont.)
Submission of Draft
Report to
Supervisor
Seminar
Presentation
Report Correction
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Final Report
Submission
61
Appendix 1. 2 Key Activities and Timescales in Implementing This Project
(Final Year Project II)
Activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1 Project Meeting with
Supervisor
2 Project Development
3 Proposal Progress
Presentation &
Evaluation
4 Project Testing
5 Poster Preparation
6 Final Year Project
Format Writing
Workshop
7 Submit draft Repot
and Documentation
of the Project
8 Seminar
Presentation
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9 Discussion and
Correction Report
10 Final Thesis
Submission
11 Submission
Hardcopy Repot and
Logbook
Submission
