How Food Aid Programs How Food Aid Programs

Decrease Vulnerability and Decrease Vulnerability and

Improve Food SecurityImprove Food Security

Ellen LevinsonEllen Levinson

Executive DirectorExecutive Director

Alliance for Global Food SecurityAlliance for Global Food Security

President, Levinson & AssociatesPresident, Levinson & Associates

March 3, 2011March 3, 2011

Partnership to Cut Hunger & Poverty in Africa ForumPartnership to Cut Hunger & Poverty in Africa Forum

Food for Progress, Counterpart Food for Progress, Counterpart

International, SenegalInternational, Senegal

�� Six womenSix women’’s groups cultivate rice s groups cultivate rice and tilapia to improve diets and and tilapia to improve diets and create a new source of income for create a new source of income for their families their families

�� WomenWomen’’s Microfinance Institute s Microfinance Institute increased its savings by more than increased its savings by more than 35% in just one year, allowing it to 35% in just one year, allowing it to provide more loans to women in provide more loans to women in northern Senegal.northern Senegal.

�� Senegal is now a Feed the Future Senegal is now a Feed the Future country and Counterpart and country and Counterpart and CLUSA are implementing partners CLUSA are implementing partners in that program.in that program.

Food for the Hungry, Democratic Food for the Hungry, Democratic

Republic of the Congo, Food for PeaceRepublic of the Congo, Food for Peace

�� Remote villages in the eastern province affected by the civil Remote villages in the eastern province affected by the civil

unrest that forced them off their land with highest rates of unrest that forced them off their land with highest rates of

malnutrition. DRC is not a Feed the Future country.malnutrition. DRC is not a Feed the Future country.

�� 26,905 households (213 villages, 135,000 people)26,905 households (213 villages, 135,000 people)

�� 2 Strategic Objectives over 3 years2 Strategic Objectives over 3 years

1.1. Increase livelihood capacities of vulnerable farming Increase livelihood capacities of vulnerable farming

householdshouseholds

2.2. Improved health and nutrition capabilities of vulnerable Improved health and nutrition capabilities of vulnerable

householdshouseholds

Doubled the Adoption of sustainable Doubled the Adoption of sustainable

agriculture technologies within 2 yearsagriculture technologies within 2 years

Improved seed cuttings, compost, interImproved seed cuttings, compost, inter--cropping, mulching, green cropping, mulching, green

manure, incorporation of organic material, green storage technolmanure, incorporation of organic material, green storage technologies, ogies,

planting densities, pest management, crop rotation planting densities, pest management, crop rotation

Adoption of improved natural resource Adoption of improved natural resource

management practicesmanagement practices

Terracing , plant ground cover, check dams, microTerracing , plant ground cover, check dams, micro--basins, bunds, basins, bunds,

contour lines or ridging, live barriers, relay planting, trees icontour lines or ridging, live barriers, relay planting, trees in fallow n fallow

fields, water capture irrigation, improved drainagefields, water capture irrigation, improved drainage

Improved Child Care and Hygiene Improved Child Care and Hygiene

Practices Adopted in 2 YearsPractices Adopted in 2 Years

IndicatorIndicator % %

baselinebaseline% final% final

Children 6Children 6--23 months who received Vitamin A in the past 23 months who received Vitamin A in the past

6 months6 months38.7%38.7% 70.8%70.8%

Children 0Children 0--5.9 months exclusively breastfed in last 24h5.9 months exclusively breastfed in last 24h 28.4%28.4% 75.4%75.4%

Caregivers of children 0Caregivers of children 0--23 months who know 3+ signs 23 months who know 3+ signs

of childhood illnessof childhood illness21.7%21.7% 72.6%72.6%

Children 12Children 12--23.9 months who have been dewormed23.9 months who have been dewormed 27.4%27.4% 72.3%72.3%

Year round access to an improved water source within Year round access to an improved water source within

200m of house200m of house15.7%15.7% 47.9%47.9%

Households adopting at least 3 improved hygiene Households adopting at least 3 improved hygiene

behaviorsbehaviors31.4%31.4% 66.3%66.3%

Improved Quality of Food GroupsImproved Quality of Food Groups

ConsumedConsumed

ACDI/VOCA, Rwanda, 5 Year ACDI/VOCA, Rwanda, 5 Year

Food for Peace ProgramFood for Peace Program

�� Objective: Reduce chronic food insecurity and vulnerability of Objective: Reduce chronic food insecurity and vulnerability of individuals, households and communities.individuals, households and communities.

�� Strengthen the management of 114 smallholder cooperatives, Strengthen the management of 114 smallholder cooperatives, improve selected agricultural value chains, promote post harvestimprove selected agricultural value chains, promote post harvestprocessing and commercialization, and rehabilitate secondary processing and commercialization, and rehabilitate secondary farmfarm--toto--market roads and bridges. market roads and bridges.

�� SmallSmall--lot sales of Vitaminlot sales of Vitamin--A fortified vegetable oil with A fortified vegetable oil with concurrent training of buyers to improve business skills and concurrent training of buyers to improve business skills and broaden market access to include smaller traders. broaden market access to include smaller traders.

�� Sub grant to Africare to implement the Nutritional RehabilitativSub grant to Africare to implement the Nutritional Rehabilitative e Hearth Program (HEARTH) Hearth Program (HEARTH) -- 135 Mothers Associations 135 Mothers Associations established and communityestablished and community--based health and nutrition education, based health and nutrition education, periodic home visits by community volunteers, and periodic home visits by community volunteers, and supplementary food rations provided. supplementary food rations provided.

Rwanda ResultsRwanda Results

�� The median annual income received by cooperative The median annual income received by cooperative members through their sales to their cooperative members through their sales to their cooperative increased from the baseline of $178 in FY04 to $276 in increased from the baseline of $178 in FY04 to $276 in FY09. 42,000 farmer and farm family beneficiaries. FY09. 42,000 farmer and farm family beneficiaries.

�� Percentage of underweight children 0 to 36 months in Percentage of underweight children 0 to 36 months in PLWHA program cut in half.PLWHA program cut in half.

�� 18 months after entering the nutrition program, 90 18 months after entering the nutrition program, 90 percent of children had good nutritional status. percent of children had good nutritional status.

�� 47% of the Vitamin47% of the Vitamin--A fortified vegetable oil was sold A fortified vegetable oil was sold through women traders.through women traders.

Soybean cultivation in RwandaSoybean cultivation in Rwanda

Beekeeping Training in RwandaBeekeeping Training in Rwanda

MOZAMBIQUE, 5 year Food for Peace

Program -- multiple NGOs and government

agencies, overlap with other USAID focus areas, Feed the Future Country

Implementing agencies:

•ADRA

•Food for the Hungry

•Save the Children & Africare

•World Vision

Government Partners

•Ministry of Agriculture

•Ministry of Health

•Technical Secretariat for Food Security and

Nutrition (SETSAN)

•National Disaster Management Institute

Other partners

•CLUSA; IRD; Samaritan’s Purse; ADPP

Purpose: reduce vulnerability and improve Purpose: reduce vulnerability and improve

food security in areas where there is food security in areas where there is

agricultural potential, but recurrent crisesagricultural potential, but recurrent crises

CycloneCyclone’’s impact on cropss impact on crops

Impact of floods on a Mozambican Impact of floods on a Mozambican

householdhousehold

BEFORE/AFTER BEFORE/AFTER

CONSERVATION FARMINGCONSERVATION FARMING

Income increase of participating Income increase of participating

farmers over 2 yearsfarmers over 2 years

�� ADRA ADRA –– 138%138%

�� Food for the Hungry Food for the Hungry –– 141%141%

�� World Vision World Vision –– 119%119%

�� CARE CARE –– 122%122%

�� SAVE SAVE –– 123%123%

�� Note: Cash crop sales by program participants Note: Cash crop sales by program participants

increased from $103 in 08/09 to $703 in 09/10increased from $103 in 08/09 to $703 in 09/10

Child Nutrition and Women in Child Nutrition and Women in

AgricultureAgriculture

Savings Club and Child NutritionSavings Club and Child Nutrition

Malawi FarmersMalawi Farmers’’ Clubs, Planet AidClubs, Planet Aid

Food for ProgressFood for Progress

�� Diversify production and increase farm Diversify production and increase farm income, 30,000 farmers. income, 30,000 farmers.

�� Organize FarmersOrganize Farmers’’ Clubs: farmers Clubs: farmers maintain/share water resources, secure maintain/share water resources, secure inputs and receive training in inputs and receive training in sustainable agriculture practices and sustainable agriculture practices and techniques to optimize sales. techniques to optimize sales.

�� Integrated with Government of Integrated with Government of MalawiMalawi’’s agriculture extension services. s agriculture extension services.

�� Linkage to the Malawi Savings Bank, Linkage to the Malawi Savings Bank, some farmers obtained loans with an some farmers obtained loans with an average level of $775 USD ($15,460 average level of $775 USD ($15,460 total). total).

�� Attracted additional funding by the Attracted additional funding by the EU. EU.

ResultsResults

�� Average Farmer Average Farmer

Production Increased by Production Increased by

250%250%

�� Average annual cash Average annual cash

income increased by income increased by

120%120%

�� Access to water Access to water

increased by 280%increased by 280%

Crop DiversificationCrop Diversification

�� Crop variety increased by Crop variety increased by 70% on average through use 70% on average through use of crop rotation, of crop rotation, intercropping, and intercropping, and conservation farming. conservation farming.

�� In addition to staple foods In addition to staple foods (such as corn and sorghum) (such as corn and sorghum) participants became growers participants became growers of cabbage, lettuce, spinach, of cabbage, lettuce, spinach, onion, tomatoes, chili, onion, tomatoes, chili, groundnuts, beans, groundnuts, beans, chickpeas, sweat potatoes chickpeas, sweat potatoes and soybeans. and soybeans.