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© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
Revised 10/12 1
GPS Management-1
Development of an Agency-wide GPS Technology Management
Plan
GIS-T 2012
Jeff BarnettInner Corridor Technologies, Inc.
Houston, Texas
GPS Management-2
Introduction
Issues surrounding GPS technology management
A sample study
Study results
The management plan based upon the study
Lessons Learned
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
Revised 10/12 2
GPS Management-3
The Issues
GPS technology has been increasingly used by many organizations without uniform standards or management plan.
It is commonly unknown within an agency who is using GPS, and for what purposes.
– Many different kinds of GPS units in the field
– Many different procedures for using the equipment
– Many different uses and data
– Many different (or non-existent) standards
Can’t support, can’t train, can’t manage
GPS Management-4
The Study
Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LADOTD) & Louisiana Transportation Research Center (LTRC)
– 2011 Study to develop a GPS technology management plan
– Compare to evolution and adoption of computers.
The current state of GPS adoption needed to be assessed and compared with current best practices as defined by:
– internal users,
– other large agencies,
– the overall GPS industry
• Used literature review, surveys, & interviews.
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GPS Management-5
The Study
Literature review
– Searching for publications about GPS management plans
• Many studies and papers about GPS technology
• Some published practices and standards
• Nothing related to GPS management
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The Study
Everybody using a GPS takes surveys on how GPS used
– Exception of surveyors and PDA users
Evaluate use compared with “Best Practices”
Create plan for LADOTD GPS
– Procurement
– Management
– Training
– Support
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GPS Management-7
The Study
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The Study
Four parts to the internal survey
– Users
• Training, frequency, devices, proficiency, comfort level
– User Groups
• Devices, standards, procedures, management, support
– Devices
• Make & model, OS, settings, capabilities, satisfaction
• Fit for use, maintenance, management
– Data
• What & why, specific application, correction methods
• Loading process, standards, formats
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
Revised 10/12 5
GPS Management-9
The Study
From internal survey hoping to find:
– Scope of GPS use in LADOTD
– Inventory of known GPS equipment
– Census of current GPS users
– Conceptual map of data flow from field to database
– Understanding of GPS needs including level of use
– Internal practices to determine “best” practices
GPS Management-10
The Study
From external surveys and GPS industry meetings, seeking:
– Management practices
– Support systems for users
– Training and certification
– Satisfaction with current GPS operations
– Known GPS management plans
Many organizations doing many of these things but not set into a comprehensive GPS technology management plan.
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GPS Management-11
Survey Results
LADOTD Mapping grade GPS uses
– Road Inventory
– Facilities and landscape maintenance
– Environmental and archeological sites
– Levee inspection
GPS Management-12
Survey Results
LADOTD Recreational grade GPS uses
– Outdoor advertising permits
– Water well permits
– Driveways permits
– ROW borings
– Borrow pits
– Railroad crossings
– Bridge Inspection
– Utility location
– Accident reports
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GPS Management-13
Survey Results
GPS Management-14
Survey Results
LADOTD Mapping grade users
– Varying undocumented procedures, standards
– Maintenance by breakdown
– Good but aging equipment
– No internal support system
Need better support, training and standards
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
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GPS Management-15
Survey Results
LADOTD Recreational grade users
– No user standards or procedures
– Response to need in paper forms
– Maintenance by trashcan
Needs
– Proper equipment
– Training
– Procedures
– Support
GPS Management-16
Best Practices
Current best practices as defined by:
– Internal users (practices and standards from surveys)
– Other large agencies (Outside LADOTD surveys)
– The overall GPS industry (interviews with industry reps)
Found that GPS technology management practice varied by size.
– Large agencies, committees, managers, published standards
– Small agencies, “the way we do it” (less formal – less need)
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
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GPS Management-17
Best Practices
Industry representatives highly in favor of better management practices.
– Better client relations
– Hosted management sites
– Higher overall user satisfaction with GPS
– Less “issues” they have to deal with
GPS Management-18
The Plan for LADOTD
Oversight
– GPS Committee
– GPS Coordinator
Equipment
– Standard GPS devices, at least 1 per district office (9)
– Easier to train, support, and share
Operational GPS practices and standards
– Establish by GPS committee
– Guidelines for all uses, data and training
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
Revised 10/12 10
GPS Management-19
Lessons Learned
Technology Happens
– GIS
– Internet
– LIDAR
– Cloud computing
Experiments become practices – GPS has become a practice
– Control and manage (best practices) that change
• “change is inevitable, surprise is optional”
– Someone has to be responsible for that new toy
GPS Management-20
Lessons Learned
There is value in establishing and documenting a GPS technology management plan.
– Adopt an overall organizational approach to GPS
A GPS technology master plan will save money in the long run
– Procurement Get the right equipment, and not too much
– Management Less time battling the unknown
– Training Uniformity of training and practices
– Support Uniform systems, able to share in a pinch
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Revised 10/12 11
GPS Management-21
Lessons Learned
Make a management plan that fits
– Uses and needs of GPS
• Who collects what and how often
• What should we be doing with GPS
– Organizational structure
Use the proper equipment
– Recreational vs. mapping vs. survey grade devices
GPS Management-22
Acknowledgements
Gretchen Hartley, Trimble Navigation Limited
Jason Hooten, Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.
Rayward Chung, Trimble Navigation New Zealand Limited
Michael W. Harvey, Leica Geosystems
John Florio, Juniper Systems
Eric Bock, Navigation Electronics, Inc.
Darryl Zercher, Texas Department of Transportation
Greg Smithart, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality
© 2012 TeachMeGIS All rights reserved.
Revised 10/12 12
GPS Management-23
Acknowledgements
Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
– Dr. Jim Mitchell
– Kurt Johnson
Louisiana Transportation Research Center
– Dr. Zhongjie Zhang
http://www.ltrc.lsu.edu/pdf/2012/fr_489.pdf
(LTRC Project No. 11-2P)